microfluidics for food safety - symphony project · 2015-03-25 · food analysis sample...

Food

MicrofluidicsMicrofluidics for food safety

A. Adami, E. Morganti

13/20/2015 The Milk Day

2

Food industry needs and demands

Food safety

• Fast, portable, cheap and easy to use devices

Food quality

• Continuous ad simultaneous measurements of several parameters

Food sustainability

• Water and energy consumption, cleaning operations

Authentification

• Traceability, detection of frauds, adulteration

Intelligent packaging

http://www.foodmicrosystems.eu/


3

Opportunities of food microfluidics

http://www.foodmicrosystems.eu/


4

Food analysis

Sample preparation, biological, spectroscopic, and separation techniques used in food analysis

and the number of citations in the FSTA database in the period 2001−2011

Garcia-Canas et al. Present and Future Challenges in food analysis: Foodomics, Analytical chemistry 84 (2012)


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Food microfluidics

•Reduced cost of the analysis

•Reduced amount of waste

Low volume of samples and

reagents

•Enhanced mass and heat transfer

• Shorter analysis time

• Increased performance of analysis

Large surface to volume ratio

•On site analysis

•Disposability

• Low cost of constructionPortability

•Automation

• Improved analytical performance

•Amenability to productive use by unskilled operators

Integration of multiple process

•Multiplexing of different assays

•Parallelization

High throughput analysis

Atalay et al. Microfluidic analytical systems for food analysis, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22 (2011)


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Main components

http://endrikawidyastuti.lecture.ub.ac.id/


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Food microfluidics figures

17%

3%5%

5%

3%

39%

28%

Detection methods

Laser induced fluorescence Contact-less conductivity

Mass spectrometry Chemiluminescence

Photonics Electrochemical

Others

63%13%

24%

Publications 2000-2013

Clinical & health Food Environmental

Escarpa, Lights and shadows of food microfluidics, lab on a chip, 14 (2014)


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Main concepts

Laminar versus

turbulentflow

Surface and interfacial

tension

Capillaryforces

Electrokineticflow

Y.T. Atalay et al. / Trends in Food Science & Technology 22 (2011) 386-404


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Categories

Microchip separationbased systems

Microchip separationbased systems

Microchip capillary electrophoresis

Microfluidic-based Chromatography

Microfluidics cytometry devices


Microfluidic-based Chromatography

Microfluidics cytometry devices

Used for: toxins, chemical residues, pathogens, biogenic amines, alkaloids,

acids, organoleptic properties, unwanted additives, phenolic

compounds, aminoacids, dyes, heavymetals, fertilizers, pesticides,

antibiotics

Used for: toxins, chemical residues, pathogens, biogenic amines, alkaloids,

acids, organoleptic properties, unwanted additives, phenolic

compounds, aminoacids, dyes, heavymetals, fertilizers, pesticides,

antibiotics

Reaction based microfluidic

analytical devices

Reaction based microfluidic

analytical devices

Microfluidics based biosensors

Chemical analysis systems

Microfluidics based biosensors

Chemical analysis systems

Used for: food-borne pathognens(bacteria, viruses) antibiotics, mycotoxins, allergent, GMOs,

aminoacid, environmentalcontaminants, N-nitroso compounds,

sugars, acids, oxidation

Used for: food-borne pathognens(bacteria, viruses) antibiotics, mycotoxins, allergent, GMOs,

aminoacid, environmentalcontaminants, N-nitroso compounds,

sugars, acids, oxidation


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The velocity v of the analyte is:

µe is the electrophoretic mobility

µeof is the electrosmotic moblity (constant)

E is the electric field

and:

q is the charge of the molecule

η is the viscosity of the mobile phase

r is the radius of the molecule

Alberto Escarpa, Food electronalysis: sense and simplicity, the

Chemical Record 12 (2011)


3/20/2015 The Milk Day 12

Capillary electrophoresis features

Typical features:• Channel dimensions

• Depth= 15-50 µm• Width= 50-200µm• Lenght of separation channel=1-10cm

• Injection voltage >100V• Separation voltage: 1-4kV

Advantages: High speed

4x-10x faster than conventional capillary electrophoresis 1 order of magnitude faster than slab gel electrophoresis

Lower voltage required Simplicity Potential for automation

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Microfluidics cytometer devices

Richards et al. Design and demonstration of a novel micro-Coulter

counter utilizing liquid metal electrodes Journal of Micromechanics

and Microengineering, 22-11 (2012)

Microfluidic Coulter counter

Mao et al. Single-layer planar on-chip flow cytometer using microfluidic drifting

based three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic focusing, Lab on a chip 9 (2009)


Flow cytometry 3D focusing

3/20/2015 The Milk Day 14

Types of Immunoassays on chip

Lateral flow assay (LFA) ELISA lab on a chip Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)

Latex immunoagglutinationAssay (LIA)

Impedance immunoassay

Yoon et al Lab-on-a-Chip Pathogen Sensors for Food Safety 12 (2012)

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PCR based assays for pathogens

Stationary chamber PCR Microchannel PCR

Droplet PCR Isothermal PCR (LAMP)

Yoon et al Lab-on-a-Chip Pathogen Sensors for Food Safety 12 (2012)


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Sample preparation

Particle separation

Split-flow lateral-transport thin (SPLITT)

Standing Surface Acoustic Wave (SSAW)

Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD)

P. Sajeesh and Ashis Kumar Sen Particle separation and sorting in microfluidic devices: a review microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 17 (2014)


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Sample preparation

Extraction and purification

• Micro/nano particles• Magnetic beads• Solid phase extraction• Liquid/Liquid extraction

Hervas et al. Electrochemical immunosensing on board microfluidic

chip platforms Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 31 (2012)

Chen et al., Microfluidic devices for sample pretreatment and applications, Microsystem Technology, 15(2009)


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Droplet and digital microfluidics


http://www.lbc.espci.fr/spip.php?rubrique3http://microfluidics.utoronto.ca/

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Multiplexing

i) High throughput analysis with droplet based microfluidic and multiplex PCR amplification (Zeng et al. Anal. Chem. 2010)

ii) High throughput hybridization of dengue virus DNA (Huang et al. Lab chip, 2010)

iii) Parallel detection chambers , (Zhang et al., Lab chip 2011)


Amir M. Foudeh, Microfluidic designs and techniques using lab-on-a-chip devices for pathogen detection for point-of-care diagnostics, Lab on a chip, 2012

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Lab on disk

Jose L. Garcia-Cordero et al., Microfluidic sedimentation cytometer for milk quality and bovine mastitis monitoring, Biomedical Microdevices 12 (2010)

General steps to operate point-of-care sedimentation cytometer. The process starts with a farmer milking a cow (a) and bringing the portable reader unit into the farm (b). The farmer then draws 150 μL of raw milk into a single-volume pipette (c). Next, up to 12 different milk samples can be dispensed into the microfluidicsedimentation cytometer unit (d). The disc is then loaded into the portable reader unit (e) which spins the disc for 15 min and analyses cell pellet size and cream band width (f)


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Paper based


i) Design and fabrication of three dimensional paper based microfluidic platform (Martinez et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105 2008)

ii) ELISA in three dimensional paper based platform (Liu et al., IEEE MEMS 2011)

iii) A three dimensional paper based microfluidic device usign origami principle (Ge et al. Biomaterials, 33, 2011)

Amir M. Foudeh, Microfluidic designs and techniques using lab-on-a-chip devices for pathogen detection for point-of-care diagnostics, Lab on a chip, 2012

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Food microfluidics - conclusions

•Reduced cost of the analysis

•Reduced amount of waste

Low volume of samples and

reagents

•Enhanced mass and heat transfer

• Shorter analysis time

• Increased performance of analysis

Large surface to volume ratio

•On site analysis

•Disposability

• Low cost of constructionPortability

•Automation

• Improved analytical performance

•Amenability to productive use by unskilled operators

Integration of multiple process

•Multiplexing of different assays

•Parallelization

High throughput analysis

Atalay et al. Microfluidic analytical systems for food analysis, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22 (2011)


23

Discussion

Can MicroSystems provide a solution for timely

identification of contaminants, and cost-effective

management of milk quality? What are the most

interesting fields of application or “unexpressed

needs”?

Milk chemistry and composition, strict regulations

for milk quality, dairy industry requirements, the

large diffusion of milk consumers and producers

pose substantial challenges.

What are the major factors that could jeopardize

the integration and automation of current analysis

techniques?


microfluidics for food safety - symphony project · 2015-03-25 · food analysis sample...

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