microgrid microgrid –– a building block a building...
TRANSCRIPT
AN EXAMPLE FOR MICROGRID IN NATIONAL RENEWABLEINDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT: CENER’S MICROGRID
NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTRE
RENEWABLE ENERGIES GRID INTEGRATION
D
Microgrid Microgrid –– A building block A building block for smart gridsfor smart grids
Brussels, 27 January 2012
INDEXINDEX
00 Renewable Energies Grid Integration Department01 Background02 General Objectives03 Specific Objectives0 l04 Localization05 Description06 Operation Models06 Operation Models07 Simulation Models08 Control Strategies09 Some Future Activities
2
OBJECTIVE: Renewable energies grid integration
00 IRE DEPARTMENT
0.001A
B
1.0
TIME
A
B
A
B
Ia
IbVa
S
A
BI M
W
OBJECTIVE: Renewable energies grid integration analysis and definition of solutions to improve the RES penetration
C
TIME
Power
AB
PQ
CC Ic
P_red (MW
)
Q_red (M
VAr)
*-1 .0
Vb
Vc
Veficaz_red (kV)
Vrm
s
fph
Freq/PhaseM
easurement
NA
NC
NB
Frecuencia (Hz)
TL
N
C
Main...
1Vviento
Grid connection model
Wound rotor
induction machine
Integration
w_m
ec_gen (p.u
Tm _tu rb (p.u .)
P_ turb (p .u.)w _m ec_genC a lcu lo
ve locidadm ecan ica
Wpu Wm ec
VwESWind Source
V_vi
ento
(m/s
)
)
TmVw
W P
Wind Tu rb ine
C p
Vvien to
1
00.5
machine
Wi d
2 main areas: Storage Energy Grid Integration: Distributed Generation + Integration + High Voltage
Integration- Analysis of the response of the electromagnetic transients
phenomena (overvoltages) - HVDC Configurations- Measurements of electrical variables and data acquisition
services.- Development of virtual test platforms
High Voltage- Lightning protection
- Installations risk analysis for lightning discharges- Lightning protection systems design
Lightning prevention systems design: 2D and 3D
u.)
C pm N 50850 .txt
C pmWind turbine modelWind
model
p p- Potential of wind power generation penetration in electric
power systems: Power flow analysis and Dynamic response of the electrical system
- Lightning prevention systems design: 2D and 3D electric field simulation
- Grounding systems design- Complex soils- Frequency behavior
Distributed GenerationEnergy Storage- Characterization, models development and testing
- Smart grids- Design and optimization - Implementation- Control development (management strategies)- Simulation models development (hardware in the loop)- Storage systems integration
, p gstorage systems
- Technical-economic feasibility studies of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) integration with RES
- Experimental studies of renewable power plants (wind) with energy storage systems
- Virtual Storage or Load Management
3
01 BACKGROUND
• Navarra Goverment wanted developing the energy business sector of Distributed Generation (DG) in Navarra generating own technology and ( ) g g gyknowledge
• To achieve this aim the Department of Innovation, Enterprise and Employment of Navarra Government and European Union through FEDER funds financed the project “Microgrids in Navarra: design, development and implementation”
4
02 GENERAL OBJECTIVIES
The main goal of this project is the design of microgrids with control strategies to allow its different elements optimization adding new functionalities, assuring load supply in isolate mode, attenuating functionalities, assuring load supply in isolate mode, attenuating disturbances in connected mode and collaborating with the grid to stability maintenance
5
02 GENERAL OBJECTIVIES
Design and develop a microgrid to make it scalable and movable to other cases Define the requirements to carry out Define the requirements to carry out
• Assure electrical supply to its loads• Minimizing disturbances to the upstream grid• Support the upstream grid to maintain the stability• …
Dimension and define equipment specifications Dimension and define equipment specifications Design the auxiliary installations Develop control methodology Develop communication protocols
Research microgrid effects in the grid
6
03 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVIES
Manage the generated power at each moment to assure load supply
A hi th t th l d d it f bl Achieve that the load power consumed it comes from renewable sources. This way it promotes the energetic independency of our installations
Protect installations from grid or microgrid faults
Send the energy excess to the grid, getting that the microgrid will be an active part of the distribution net
7
04 LOCALIZATION
SangüesaSangüesa
SPAINSPAIN
8
05 DESCRIPTION: PRESENT
Microgrid aimed at industrial application
AC hit t ith f 75 kW AC architecture with a power of 75 kW aprox
Supplying part of Wind Turbine Test Laboratory –pp y g p yLEA- electric loads and Rocaforte industrial area lightning
It also will be used as a test bench to new equipment, generation systems, energy storage, control strategies and protection schemescontrol strategies and protection schemes
It could operate as connected as isolate modes
9
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
10
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
GENERATION
G- Photovoltaic Installation 25 kWp
G- Diesel Generator 55 kVA
G- Wind turbine 20 kW full-converter
11
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
STORAGE SYSTEMS
S- Acid Pb Bateries, 50 kW x 2 hours
12
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
STORAGE SYSTEMS
S- Redox Battery 50 kW x 4 hours
13
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
LOADCONTROL AND MANAGMENT SYSTEM
L- Three-phase load 120 kVA
14
05 DESCRIPTION: EQUIPMENTS
MICROGRID SCHEME:
Common low voltage busbar for all equipments
d f d h h bl d d Loads feeding through public grid or microgridbusbar
Flexible Working
Switch on/off control of each equipment
P/Q references per phase control to supply or b b b absorb by storage systems
P/Q references per phase control to supply by diesel generator
Operation modes selector and managment
Pmax restrictions control for renewable generation systems
Operation modes selector and managment control versions
15
05 DESCRIPTION: CONTROL SYSTEM
MAIN CONTROL PANEL:
Design and implementation made by CENER
System based on Siemens PLC S//300- Installation robustness- Widely test and use in industrial environment- Software development made by CENERp y
Energy Managment ApplicationEquipment Control Application
Equipment Control Application
16
05 DESCRIPTION: SCADA SYSTEM
SCADA SYSTEM:
Design and implementation made by Design and implementation made by CENER
Developed using Siemens Simatic WinCCtooltool
Access through Internet
Possibility to control the whole installation Possibility to control the whole installation in real time
Possibility to display the function parameters in real timeparameters in real time
Data Storing in the server
17
05 DESCRIPTION: SCADA SYSTEM
Flow battery Screen
PV installation screen
18
05 DESCRIPTION: SCADA SYSTEM
Data Display (Figures and Data Sheets)p y ( g )
Events Display (alarms, transients stopps )transients, stopps,…)
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05 DESCRIPTION: PROTECTION SYSTEM
PROTECTION AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
Protection system for connected and isolated mode
Integrated measurement system makes it possible to an optimal energy control
Internal measurement calibration to assure the right Protection data reading
operation and quality standards
UTILITY PROTECTION SYSTEM
Individual protection for equipments
Relay communication assisted by Iberdrola in case of lack or defect in medium voltage net of which our installation is connected (Immediate tripping the header switch)header switch)
Relay of minimum/maximun voltage detection (Immediate tripping the header switch)
Relay of min/max voltage
Relay communication
assited
20
05 DESCRIPTION: COMMUNICATIONS
- Modbus RTU- Ethernet- Optical Fiber
Communication cabinet and Server Optical Fiber
Data storage in CENER server
cabinet and Server
Integrated into teh CENER network
Access from any point as CENER as Access from any point as CENER as external one
Optical Fiber toOptical Fiber to Ethernet conversor
MODBUS Modules
21
05 DESCRIPTION: FUTURE
Generation: Gas MicroTurbine 30 kW with thermal use (heat and cool)
Storage Systems:o Supercapacitors 30 kW, 45 so Supercapacitors 10 kW, 4 so Electric Vehicle
22
06 OPERATION MODES
GRID CONNECTEDThe objective is to manage the generation and demand to achieve
high ratios of self-sufficiency energy
Distribution GridGeneration Users
high ratios of self-sufficiency energy
Energy costsControl System
Resources prediction
EnergyControl signals
Systemprediction
Electricity Storage
23
06 OPERATION MODES
ISOLATEDThe main objective is supply the community demand
Generation Users
Energy
Electricity StorageElectricity Storage
24
13
t
Clock
07 SIMULATION MODELS
Vc_redconectado50
Vb_redconectado49
Va_red_conectado48
Qa_red_conectado45
Pb_red_conectado43
Pa_red_conectado42
Pa_Pb
Qfotov16
Pfotov15
Qaero14
Paero13
cálculopotencias 2
v
i
Pfotov
Qfotov
cálculopotencias
v
i
Paero
Qaero
Paneles fotovoltaicos
Vabc P_Q_Fase_A
VabcIabc
A
B
C
abc
VabcIabc
A
B
C
abc
[P_fotov ]
[Vabc]
[Paero ]
Plimite _fotov
[Vabc]
Plimite _aero
Kaero
Kfotov Pot _Fotov 30 min
Perfil _viento
[Vabc]
PQ_A Pa_redQa_red
Contactor fotovoltaica
comABC
a
b
c
Contactor Aerogenerador
com
ABC
a
b
c
0
0
Clock
Aerogenerador
Acometida photovoltaica
ABC
ABC
Acometida aerogenerador
ABC
ABC
Objectives:
Management system validation
Development of different energy management Qc_red_conectado
47
Qb_red_conectado46
Pc_red_conectado44
SOC_Pb
35
Qc_Pb22
Qb_Pb21
Qa_Pb20
Pc_Pb19
Pb_Pb18
17
Qa_cargas_LEA
Pa_cargas_LEA
1
Trafo
A
B
C
a
b
cSDS
com
A
B
C
a
b
cRed Electrica
N
A
B
C Modulo de baterias PbVbat_elevador
P_carga_faseAQ_carga_faseAP_carga_faseBQ_carga_faseBP_carga_faseCQ_carga_faseC
Vabc
Pmed_faseAPmed_faseBPmed_faseC
SOC_bat_Pb
Vdc_bat_Pb
Fase A
Fase B
Fase C
Medidor P _Q Monofasico 2
Iabc
Freq _fases _abc
P_Q_Fase_B
P_Q_Fase_C
Medidor P _Q Monofasico
Vabc
Iabc
Freq_fases _abc
Pa_Pb
Qa_PbPb_PbQb_PbPc_PbQc_Pb
VabcIabc
A
B
C
abc
VabcIabc
A
B
C
abc
Medición Lado Alta
VabcIabc
A
B
C
abc
[VDC_bat _Pb]
[SOC _bat _Pb]
[Pmed _Pb_faseC ]
[Pmed _Pb_faseB ]
[Pmed _Pb_faseA ]
[Vabc]
Pbat _Pb_C
aislado
Kgeneradores
[Pmed _Pb_faseC ][Pmed _Pb_faseB ][Pmed _Pb_faseA ]
Qbat _Pb_C
Qbat _Pb_B
Qbat _Pb_A
[Vbat _elevador ]
Kbat _Pb
Pbat _Pb_A
Pbat _Pb_B
Frecuencia de la redpor fases3
Fr
Frecuencia de la redpor fases
Fr
Filtrado 1
PQ_B
PQ_C
Pb_redQb_redPc_redQc_red
Contactor fotovoltaica
Contactor baterias Pb
com
ABC
a
b
c
C
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Acometida photovoltaica
Acometida batería Pb
ABC
ABC
Development of different energy management strategies
System response due to different events
Vc_red_aislado39
Vb_red_aislado38
Va_red_aislado37
SOC_flujo
36
Qc_flujo28
Qb_flujo27
Qa_flujo26
Pc_flujo25
Pb_flujo24
Pa_flujo23
Qa_cargas_Pol
10Pb P l
Pa_cargas_Pol
7
Qc_cargas_LEA
6
Qb_cargas_LEA
5
_ g _
4
Pc_cargas_LEA
3
Pb_cargas_LEA
2
Sistema _ Cargas _LEA
Modulo de baterias Flujo
Medidor P _Q Monofasico 4
Vabc
Iabc
Freq_fases _abc
P_Q_Fase_A
P_Q_Fase_B
P_Q_Fase_C
Medidor P _Q Monofasico 3
Vabc
Iabc
Freq_fases _abc
Pa_flujoQa_flujoPb_flujoQb_flujoPc_flujoQc_flujo
Vabc
Iabc
A
B
C
a
b
c
VabcIabc
A
Ba
[Pmed _flujo _faseC]
[Pmed _flujo _faseB ]
[Pmed _flujo _faseA]
[Vabc]
Kcargas_LEA
Pbat _flujo _C
Pbat _flujo _A
[Vabc]
Pbat _flujo _B
Kbat _flujo
_cargas_LEA _30m
_cargas_LEA _30m
_cargas_LEA _30m
_cargas_LEA _30 m
_cargas_LEA _30m
_cargas_LEA _30m
Frecuencia de la redpor fases4
Fr
Frecuencia de la redpor fases 1
Fr
PQ_APa_carga_Pol
Qa carga Pol
Filtrado 2
PQ_A
PQ_B
PQ_C
Pa_carga_LEA
Qa_carga_LEA
Pb_carga_LEA
Qb_carga_LEA
Pc_carga_LEA
Qc_carga_LEA
com
A
a
Contactor Cargas LEA
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
0
0
0
AA
Acometida Cargas LEA
A
B
C
A
B
C
QGdiesel41
PGdiesel40
Pa_cargas_Prog
29
Qc_cargas_Pol
12
Qb_cargas_Pol
11Pc_cargas_Pol
9
Pb_cargas_Pol
8
cálculopotencias 1
v
i
Paero
Qaero
Sistema _ Cargas_Alumbrado _Poligono
Medidor P _Q Monofasico 5
Vabc
Iabc
Freq_fases _abc
P_Q_Fase_A
P_Q_Fase_B
P_Q_Fase_C
Vabc
Iabc
A
B
C
a
b
c
Cbc
Vabc A
[PGdiesel ]
Kcargas _Pol
P_Gdiesel _ref
[Vabc]
[Pmed _flujo _faseA][Pmed _flujo _faseA][Pmed _flujo _faseA]
_cargas_Pol _30m
_cargas_Pol _30m
c_cargas_Pol _30m
b_cargas_Pol _30m
a_cargas_Pol _30m
c_cargas_Pol _30mi
Frecuencia de la redpor fases5
Fr
Filtrado 3
PQ_B
PQ_C
Qa_carga_Pol
Pb_carga_Pol
Qb_carga_Pol
Pc_carga_Pol
Qc_carga_Pol
Dnerador Diesel
Contactor bateria Flujo
B
C
b
c
Contactor Cargas Poligono
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Acometida batería Flujo
B
C
B
C
Acometida Cargas Poligono
A
B
C
A
B
C
Qc_cargas_Prog
34
Pc_cargas_Prog
33
Qb _cargas_Prog
32
Pb_cargas_Prog
31
Qa _cargas_Prog
30
Sistema _ Cargas _Programables
Medidor P _Q Monofasico 6
Vabc
Iabc
Freq_fases _abc
P_Q_Fase_A
P_Q_Fase_B
P_Q_Fase_C
Vabc
Iabc
A
B
C
a
b
c
IabcA
B
C
a
bc
KGdiesel
[Vabc]
Q_Gdiesel _ref
[Vabc]
Kcargas _prog
Frecuencia de la redpor fases 6
Fr
Filtrado 4
PQ_A
PQ_B
PQ_C
Pa_carga_Prog
Qa_carga_Prog
Pb_carga_Prog
Qb_carga_Prog
Pc_carga_Prog
Qc_carga_Prog
Cuadro Cargas Programables
Contactor Generador Diesel
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Contactor Cargas Programables
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Acometida Generador Diesel
A
B
C
A
B
C
Acometida Cargas Programables
A
B
C
A
B
C
25
07 SIMULATION MODELS
Load active power consumption profile
Developed model with Matlab/Simulink for LEA loads
(Phase A)
dq2a4
((u[2]*u[3] )/( u[4]*u[1]))*u[5]
cosatan
sqrt
[fi 1]
[Ia ]Kcargas_LEA
Kgeneradores
[Vrms_A][fi 1]
2*pi *50
2
Qa_carga _LEA2
Pa _carga_LEA1
sinMultiplicar 2t
g
1[Ib ]
[Ia ]
s+
s
-+
Fase C3
Fase B2
Fase A
[Ic]s
-+
-+
Carga Infinita
Con
n1
Con
n2
Co n
n3
26
08 CONTROL STRATEGIES
Basic Strategy: Check the right behavior of the microgrid without optimization
Connected ModeAvoid consumptions of the public distribution grid providing the energy deficit through the - Avoid consumptions of the public distribution grid, providing the energy deficit through the storage systems
- Storage renewable energy excess whenever it will be possible
Isolated ModeIsolated Mode- Manage the energy generated from renewable sources and the load demanded energy- Have the maximum of energy in the storage systems- Avoid the use of the diesel generator
27
08 CONTROL STRATEGIES
R f P Pb P Ab b d L d R f PPb P Ab b dReference Power Pb Power Absorbed Load Reference PowerPb Power Absorbed
SOC
Pb Batteries absorbed power (connected)Pgener-Pabsorb=Pref_battery
Batteries supplying lightning. Management system loading batteries in the case of not renewable sources
No load
PV
28
08 CONTROL STRATEGIES: AUTOMATIC TRANSITIONS
Connected Mode TO Isolated Mode
The system in charged to generate the net makes the transition in an automatic way through:
• Tripping the header switch through the relay
10 kV voltage drop in MV Iberdrola net
Tripping the header switch through the relay communication assisted by Iberdrola
• Tripping the header switch through the relay of minimum/maximun voltage detection
• Faults Absence detection by the system
Isolated Mode TO Connected Mode
The system in charged to generate the net makes the transition in an automatic way through:
• The control system evaluates the lack of errors yand the state of the installation, resetting it if the results are positive
29
09 SOME FUTURE ACTIVITIES
Models parameterization and validation from test in stable state
Models adjustment at transient state
Prediction of the system response due some events
Develop control strategies considering:• Economical criteria• Thermal usesThermal uses• …
Analysis interaction between electric vehicle and mcirogrids
Minimizing micro faults during transitions Minimizing micro-faults during transitions
Minimizing communications time
Develop microgrid web
30
CENER MANY [email protected]
CENER MANY THANKS@
WWW.CENER.COMT 34 948 252 800
RENEWABLE ENERGIES GRID INTEGRATION DEPARTMENT
Mónica Aguado Alonso, PhD.Email: [email protected] @
T: + 34 948 252 800