Microorganism varies in shape , size and habitat

Science ProjectFa-2

Made by : Mohd . QasimAbhinav

Microorganism-Introduction

A microorganism or microbe is a microscopic organism, which may be a single cell or multi cellular organism. The study of microorganisms is called

microbiology, a subject that began with Anton van

Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microorganisms in 1675, using a

microscope of his own design.

CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS BY THIER CHARACTERISTICS

Form

Size

Habitats

Shape

TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS

Viruses BacteriaProtozoa

Algae Fungi

MICROORGANISMA

Bacteria

Bacteria• Bacteria are among the simplest and very

small living thing.• They are single celled organisms and they

range from 0.2µm to 10µm• They are found everywhere.

The types of bacteria are - Bacteria

Bacillus Cocci Spirilla

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Size of Bacteria

• 1. Tiny unicelullar organisms (bersel tunggal)

• 2. Size: 0.2 µm – 10.0 µm.• 3. named and classified by

their shapes.

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Shapes of BacteriumCocci – spherical bacteria

Spirilla – spiral bacteria

Bacilli – rod-shaped bacteria

Vibrios – comma-shaped bacteria

Bacillus or rod-shaped bacteria

Bacillus, or rod shaped bacteria, are one of the main forms of bacteria.

They are typically 0.5 micrometers to 1.0 micrometer in width, and from 1.0 micrometer to 4.0 micrometers in length.

Example of bacillus include Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax.

Cocci or spherical bacteria

• Coccus are spherically shaped bacteria that organize in several distinct arrangements when in groups

• They occur in diplococcus, tetrad, sarcina, and staphylococcus arrangements.

Spirilla or spiral bacteriaThe last recognized

form of bacteria is known as the spiral.

It occurs in three different forms :-

VibrioSpirilliumSpirochete

Fungi

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Size of Fungi

• 1. Type: unicellular (yeast) / multicellular (mucor).• 2. Range: 10 µm –

100 µm.• 3. Have various

shapes, sizes and colours.

Fungi

They can be unicellular or multicellular.

They range from 10 µm to 100 µm.

They have various shapes sizes an colors.

Algae

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Size of Algae• 1. Can be unicellular

(chlamydomonas) / multicellular (seaweeds) plants.

• 2. have / no chlorophyll.

• 3. Size: 1 µm – 10 000 µm.

• 4. Have various shapes, sizes and colours.

Algae

• They are simple plant like organisms which contain chlorophyll.

• They can be unicellular or multicellular.• They exist in many shapes and colors.• They vary from 1µm to 10,000µm.

Protozoa

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Size of Protozoa

• 1. Unicelullar organisms.• 2. Size: 5 µm – 250 µm.• 3. Shape: various type –

round, spherical, spindle-shaped.

Protozoa

• They are animal-like, unicellular organisms.• They can be of 5µm to 250µm.• They are of three shapes – Round, Spherical

and Spindle shaped.

Virus

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Size of Viruses

• 1. Smallest microorganisms.• 2. Visible under electron

microscope.• 3. Different types of viruses

have different shapes.• 4. Size: 0.0006 µm – 0.4 µm

/ (6 – 400 nm)

Viruses

• They are the smallest of microorganisms.• They are visible only under an electron

microscope.• They are of 6 nm to 400 nm.• They have no definite shape.

Shapes of Microbes

Microbes live in the water we drink, the food we eat, and the air we breathe. Right now, billions of microbes are swimming in our digestive

systems and crawling on our skin! But don't worry, over 95% of microbes are harmless. Microbes are single-cell organisms invisible to the eye that come in

different shapes seen only with microscopes.

Microbes : Habitat

• Microbes live in almost every nook and cranny you can think of, from 20 miles beneath the Earth's surface to 20 miles overhead.

• They make a cyst around themselves when the conditions are unfavorable. This way they can even survive in outer space.