microorganisms by ms. kinder sum02art/bp_1bacteria.jpg
TRANSCRIPT
MICROORGANISMSBy Ms. Kinder
www.ovpr.uga.edu/.../ sum02art/bp_1bacteria.jpg
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Utah State Standards
• Standard V: Students will understand that microorganisms range from simple to complex, are found almost everywhere, and are both helpful and harmful.
• Objective 2: Demonstrate the skills needed to plan and conduct an experiment to determine a microorganism’s requirements in a specific environment.
Intended Learning
Outcomes:• Use Science Process and
Thinking Skills• Plan and conduct simple
experiments.• Formulate simple research
questions. • Predict results of
investigations based on prior data.
• Use data to construct a reasonable conclusion.
www.the-ba.net
www.ou.edu/class/pheidole/ General%20Bacteria.jpg
• They are made up of a single cell with a cell wall and do not have a nucleus.
• Some bacteria can
make their own food, but a large majority feed on other organisms.
• In addition, most bacteria need oxygen to survive.
All bacteria have similar characteristics.
Bacteria are so small that about 1,000 could fit on the
head of a pin.
www.agen.ufl.edu
BACTERIA INFORMATION
• Bacteria are classified into three groups according to their shape: round (cocci), spiral (spirilla), and rod (bacilli) shape. – Some round shape bacteria
can cause infections in people.
– Some spiral shape bacteria are used to make cheese.
– Some rod shaped bacteria have been known to cause food poisoning.
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www.redcolony.com/ pics/content/bacteria.jpg
io.uwinnipeg.ca/.../ 27-03c-HelicalProkaryote.jpg
There are more than 10,000 kinds of bacteria and an unknown number still waiting to be
discovered.
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The human body has more bacteria than it has cells. An unborn baby is completely free of bacteria, but the instant they are born they acquire billions of bacteria. Bacteria are essential for a healthy body.
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• When people become sick, they go to the doctor's office expecting a miracle cure.
• Most often, the best advice often times is to go home, drink lots of fluids and rest.
• There is no medication available to combat a viral infection.
• As a result, antibiotics are becoming overprescribed and misused. Over time, the microbes will become resistant and the antibiotics will become totally ineffective.
web.princeton.edu
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www.irishhealth.com
1. What is the function of the cilia in the
illustration? A. To move the
parameciumB. To take in water and remove wasteC. To control cell divisionD. To make food from
sunshine and air
ic.ucsc.edu/~wxcheng/ envs161/Lecture8/ciliate.jpg
Answer to: What is the function of the cilia in
the illustration?A. To move the
parameciumB. To take in water and remove
wasteC. To control cell divisionD. To make food from sunshine and air
ic.ucsc.edu/~wxcheng/ envs161/Lecture8/ciliate.jpg
2. Which of the following correctly describes the size of fungi
compared to the size of bacteria?
A. Fungi are larger.
B. Bacteria are larger.C. They are about the
same size. D. They are the same
size but different shapes.
www.dph.state.ct.us/ BRS/food/bacteria.JPG
BACTERIA
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FUNGI
Answer to: Which of the following describes the size of fungi compared to the size of
bacteria?
A. Fungi are larger.
BACTERIA
www.lakelandphotohols.com/ images
FUNGI
www.dph.state.ct.us/ BRS/food/bacteria.JPG
3. Use the diagram to answer the question.
What composes the paramecium’s body?
A. thousands of cells
B. four cellsC. one cell and its partsD. several body organs
pantransit.reptiles.org
science.kennesaw.edu/.../ pictures/paramecium.gif
Answer to: Use the diagram to answer the questions. What composes the paramecium’s body?
C. One cell and its parts
pantransit.reptiles.org
science.kennesaw.edu/.../ pictures/paramecium.gif
4. Which of the following describes the most ideal location for
microorganisms to live?
A. underwaterB. In warm, humid
placesC. Nearly everywhereD. Sunny, dry areas
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Answer to: Which of the following describes the most
ideal location for microorganisms to live?
B. in warm, humid places
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5. These foods were left in plastic bags in a warm container for 5 days. A student recorded observations and data. Which of these
hypotheses was tested? A. Foods left in the dark will rot differently than foods in light.
B. Will foods react differently in plastic bags?
C. If different foods are used, then different bacteria will grow.
D. Which kind of bacteria is best for making cheese?
FOODOBSERVATION
S
Bread
Covered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy,
black and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with green spots
CheeseHas white and
green areas
C. If different foods are used, then different bacteria will grow.
Answer to: These foods were left in plastic bags in a warm container for 5 days. A
student recorded observations and data. Which of these hypotheses was tested?
FOODOBSERVATIONS
BreadCovered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy, black and soft
HamburgerTurned borwn with green spots
CheeseHas white and green areas
6. What variable was tested in this experiment?
A. the length of time it takes for food to rot
B. what kind of bags allows rotting to occur
C. the temperature microorganisms like best
D. how different kinds of food rot
FOOD OBSERVATIONS
BreadCovered with black,
fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy, black
and soft
HamburgerTurned borwn with
green spots
CheeseHas white and green
areas
www.flickr.com
Answer to: What variable was tested in this
experiment?
D. How different kinds of food rot
FOODOBSERVATION
S
Bread
Covered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy,
black and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with green spots
CheeseHas white and
green areas
www.flickr.com
7. Which of the following is a conclusion you could make concerning
this data?
A. Bread is more likely to rot than cheese or meat.
B. Bread is better for you than cheese.
C. Different microorganisms grow on different foods.
D. Meat is less safe to eat than other foods because it turns brown.
FOODOBSERVATION
S
Bread
Covered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy,
black and soft
Hamburger
Turned borwn with green spots
CheeseHas white and
green areas
whatcom.wsu.edu
C. Different microorganisms grow on different foods.
Answer to: Which of the following is a conclusion you could make
concerning this data?
FOODOBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy, black and soft
HamburgerTurned brown with green spots
CheeseHas white and green areas
whatcom.wsu.edu
8. How might a student improve this experiment?
A. Count the number of microorganisms on each food with a toothpick.
B. Use a microscope to begin to identify the kinds of microorganisms.
C. Add some strong chemicals and see what they do to the foods.
D. Kill the microorganisms and make the food safe.
FOODOBSERVATIONS
Bread
Covered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy, black and soft
Hamburger
Turned brown with green spots
CheeseHas white and green areas
vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu
Answer to: How might a student improve this
experiment?
B. Use a microscope to begin to identify the kinds of microorganisms.
FOOD OBSERVATIONS
BreadCovered with black, fuzzy stuff
BananaTurned slimy, black and soft
HamburgerTurned brown with green spots
CheeseHas white and green areas
vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu
9. A scientist wonders if a certain bacteria can survive being frozen. Which of the following is a correctly written hypothesis?
A. If bacteria are frozen, then they will die.B. Bacteria are small,
microscopic life forms.C. The bacteria died when it was frozen.
D. Bacteria survive best when they are moist.
ag.arizona.edu
Answer to: A scientist wonders if a certain bacteria can survive being frozen. Which of the following is a
correctly written hypothesis?
A. If bacteria are frozen, then they will die. ag.arizona.edu
10. What have experiments shown scientists about the cause of disease?
A. Diseases are caused by sudden changes in the weather.
B. Diseases are caused by too much exercise.
C. Microorganisms cause many diseases.
D. Little can be done to prevent disease.
www.visualworship.com
C. Microorganisms cause many diseases.
Answer to: What have experiments shown scientists about the cause of disease?
www.visualworship.com
11. Which of the following practices is based on an understanding of
microorganisms? A. walking downhill
instead of running
B. looking both ways before crossing a street
C. wearing lightweight clothes in the summer
D. washing your hands before eating www.agen.ufl.edu
Answer to: Which of the following practices is based on an
understanding of microorganisms?
D. How different kinds of food rot
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12. What important function do microorganisms have in an
ecosystem? A. They produce food from sunlight.
B. They reduce the number of large animals.
C. They decompose dead organisms.
D. They help clean the air.
www.wormdigest.org
C. They decompose dead organisms.
Answer to: What important function do microorganisms
have in an ecosystem?
www.wormdigest.org
13. How does adding yeast change bread dough?
A. Bubbles of gas form in the dough.
B. Yeast changes the bread’s color.
C. More dough is produced as the yeast multiply.
D. Yeast makes it less lumpy.
www.breadcomestolife.com/
A. Bubbles of gas form in the dough.
Answer to: How does adding yeast change bread dough?
www.breadcomestolife.com/
14. How do bacteria help our bodies function?
A. They make our muscles and lungs stronger.
B. They help to digest food in the intestines.
C. They circulate in our blood and help carry oxygen.
D. They make our skin flexible and clean.
eahec.ecu.edu
B. They help to digest food in the intestines.
Answer to: How do bacteria help our bodies function?
eahec.ecu.edu
15. Which of the following correctly pairs a microorganism with the disease
it causes? A. Protozoa= Flu B. Virus= Athlete’s Foot C. Bacteria=Strep Throat D. Fungi = a cold
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botit.botany.wisc.edu/ www.lib.uiowa.edu www.genrecookshop.com
C. Bacteria and Strep Throat
Answer to: Which of the following correctly pairs a
microorganism with the disease it causes?
www.lib.uiowa.edu
Duplicate this chart on your paper and write the information
about each microorganism. BACTERIA FUNGUS PROTOZOAN ALGAE
RELATIVE SIZE
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY LIVE
Fill in the chart with information about each
microorganism. BACTERIA FUNGUS PROTOZOAN ALGAE
RELATIVE SIZE
Small, invisible to
eye
Somelargeand
Some are
small
Small,Singlecelled
Some large and
some small
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY LIVE
Fill in the chart with information about each
microorganism. BACTERIA FUNGUS PROTOZOAN ALGAE
RELATIVE SIZE
FOODSOURCE
Eat Otherorganisms,
photosynthetic
Eat Other Rotting
Organisms
Eat OtherOrganisms.Photosyn-
thetic
Photo-synthetic
ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY LIVE
Duplicate this chart on your paper and write the information
about each microorganism. BACTERIA FUNGUS PROTOZOAN ALGAE
RELATIVE SIZE
FOOD SOURCE
ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY
LIVE
Warm, moist,
near other Organisms
Moist,on
land Water Water