microteaching (critical thinking - adapted for 1st year jc students)

5
Prepared by Mark Chia Mingde (26 May 2015) Lesson: Issues and Perspectives/Critical thinking Student Profile: General Education Module students from across the academic schools Working assumptions on prior knowledge: Students will have some awareness of (1) The Concept of Critical thinking/Elements of Reasoning (Paul Richard) and; (2) Design Thinking Framework from the mass lectures, as well as; and (3) An awareness of the tuition phenomena in Singapore and/or Asia. Students will understand that: Every argument is made from a point of view to achieve a certain purpose using relevant reasons and evidence that is founded on certain assumptions which has a whole set of implications which may/may not be positive. Students will be able to 1. Analyze a perspective on a given issue in a systematic manner by using the elements of reasoning Purpose and Point of View, Information (Reasons & Evidence), Assumptions and Implications 2. Evaluate different perspectives using the elements of reasoning by making judgments on what to accept or reject of other perspectives, incorporating good ideas for modification if applicable 3. Synthesize alternative perspectives and generate new ones (differentiation) Time Learning Activities Rationale 5 min Recap & Overview: 1. Quick recap on the idea of critical thinking, its purpose and how it impacts learning in general 2. Quick recap on the elements of reasoning (Purpose, Question, Assumptions, POVs, Evidence, Concepts, Inference/Interpretation, Consequences/Implications) 3. Map out the lesson for the day: Situating Critical Thinking within a larger purpose beyond the course (motivation) Activate lower levels in Bloom’s Taxonomy (Understanding/Comprehension) so we spend more time on higher order thinking (Analysis, Evaluation, Application)

Upload: mark-chia

Post on 25-Jan-2017

214 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Microteaching (Critical Thinking - adapted for 1st Year JC Students)

Prepared  by  Mark  Chia  Mingde  (26  May  2015)  

Lesson:  Issues  and  Perspectives/Critical  thinking    Student  Profile:  General  Education  Module  students  from  across  the  academic  schools    Working  assumptions  on  prior  knowledge:  Students  will  have  some  awareness  of    (1)  The  Concept  of  Critical  thinking/Elements  of  Reasoning  (Paul  Richard)  and;    (2)  Design  Thinking  Framework  from  the  mass  lectures,  as  well  as;  and  (3)  An  awareness  of  the  tuition  phenomena  in  Singapore  and/or  Asia.    Students  will  understand  that:  Every  argument  is  made  from  a  point  of  view  to  achieve  a  certain  purpose  using  relevant  reasons  and  evidence  that  is  founded  on  certain  assumptions  which  has  a  whole  set  of  implications  which  may/may  not  be  positive.    Students  will  be  able  to    1. Analyze  a  perspective  on  a  given  issue  in  a  systematic  manner  by  using  the  elements  of  reasoning  Purpose  and  Point  of  View,  

Information  (Reasons  &  Evidence),  Assumptions  and  Implications  2. Evaluate  different  perspectives  using  the  elements  of  reasoning  by  making  judgments  on  what  to  accept  or  reject  of  other  

perspectives,  incorporating  good  ideas  for  modification  if  applicable  3. Synthesize  alternative  perspectives  and  generate  new  ones  (differentiation)    Time   Learning  Activities   Rationale  5  min   Recap  &  Overview:  

 1. Quick  recap  on  the  idea  of  critical  thinking,  its  purpose  and  

how  it  impacts  learning  in  general    2. Quick  recap  on  the  elements  of  reasoning  (Purpose,  

Question,  Assumptions,  POVs,  Evidence,  Concepts,  Inference/Interpretation,  Consequences/Implications)  

3. Map  out  the  lesson  for  the  day:  

   • Situating  Critical  Thinking  within  a  larger  purpose  

beyond  the  course  (motivation)  • Activate  lower  levels  in  Bloom’s  Taxonomy  

(Understanding/Comprehension)  so  we  spend  more  time  on  higher  order  thinking  (Analysis,  Evaluation,  Application)  

Page 2: Microteaching (Critical Thinking - adapted for 1st Year JC Students)

Prepared  by  Mark  Chia  Mingde  (26  May  2015)  

-­‐ Objectives  –  application  of  elements  for  analysis/evaluation  

-­‐ Learning  activities  –  problem  analysis,  modified  jigsaw    

• Providing  a  road  map  for  the  lesson  so  students  can  regulate  their  own  learning  during  the  lesson  

   

10  min   Future  Problem:  In  the  year  2030,  the  recommendations  of  the  ASPIRE  committee  have  been  fully  implemented  in  Singapore.    The  Public  has  come  to  accept  the  notion  of  multiple  pathways  to  excellence  and  have  grown  to  see  the  Applied  Study  model  promoted  in  the  local  Polytechnics  and  ITEs.    In  this  new  educational  landscape,  the  Polytechnics  have  risen  to  be  not  just  a  viable  alternative  but  also  very  popular  and  competitive  alternative.    Old  habits  die-­‐hard  and  once  again  the  specter  of  tuition  has  once  again  emerged.    A  confidential  shadow  report  done  by  Higher  Education  Branch  in  MOE  HQ  revealed  to  policy  makers  that  on  average  2  out  of  ever  5  Biomedical  Science  receive  at  least  3  hours  of  tuition  once  a  week.    Among  its  top  percentile,  the  figure’s  as  high  as  4  out  of  10  Biomedical  Science  grads.      Fees  for  the  best  private  tutors  have  gone  as  high  as  $200/hr.    Most  recently,  concerned  parents  have  written  to  the  Straits  Times  forum  to  raise  the  issue  for  public  discussion.          

 • Draws  on  elements  of  Problem-­‐based  learning  and  Future  

Problem  Solving  Scenarios.  • Teacher  needs  to  avoid  analyzing  the  issue  at  the  point,  

laying  only  out  aspects  of  the  scenario  that  highlight  the  severity  of  the  problem.      

• The  severity  is  key  –  students  need  to  be  convinced  that  (1)  this  is  a  likely  problem  and  that  (2)  it  is  serious  and  socially  significant  enough  to  be  addressed  (3)  and  that  a  timely  solution  is  necessary  lest  irrevocable  and  messy  consequences  set  in.  

• Possible  problem:  students  might  not  have  sufficient  knowledge  of  ASPIRE  to  really  know  what  the  fuss  is  all  about  –  if  this  is  the  fear,  consider  playing  the  video  to  give  some  background  knowledge:  

 

                                                 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35yKEoqAyKk      

Page 3: Microteaching (Critical Thinking - adapted for 1st Year JC Students)

Prepared  by  Mark  Chia  Mingde  (26  May  2015)  

20  min   Problem  Analysis  [Teacher  Modeling]  

             

Ideas  for  Facilitation:    Purpose  –  my  purpose  for  reasoning  is  to  find  out  the  best  way  to  eliminate  or  reduce  the  reliance  on  tuition  among  polytechnic  students  so  that  the  benefits  of  the  ASPIRE  recommendations  can  fully  materialize.    Question  –  what  is  the  best  way  to  solve  the  problem?    What  constitutes  the  best  way  to  solve  the  problem  from  a  policy  point  of  view?  How  can  it  be  a  long-­‐term  solution  rather  than  a  temporary  solution?  Is  it  reasonable,  and  palatable  (even  if  not  popular  with  the  public)?    Point  of  View  –  What  are  the  perspectives  which  bear  on  this  issue?    Who  are  the  stakeholders  whose  view  matter?    What  are  the  different  groups  of  poly  students,  parents  and  lecturers?  How  different  are  their  concerns?    Why  do  they  matter?    How  will  getting  these  people  involved  help  me  to  find  the  best  way?      Assumptions:  In  order  to  move  forward,  I’ll  need  to  make  some  working  assumptions:  (1)  people  actually  want  to  reduce  the  problem  (2)  that  it’s  in  Singapore’s  interest  to  do  something  (3)  that  we  have  the  means  to  solve  the  problem      

Page 4: Microteaching (Critical Thinking - adapted for 1st Year JC Students)

Prepared  by  Mark  Chia  Mingde  (26  May  2015)  

30  min   Group  Work  (Expert  Group)    The  class  will  be  split  into  three  different  expert  groups:  -­‐ Parents  of  Students  -­‐ Polytechnic  Students  -­‐ Polytechnic  Lecturers  -­‐ Industry  Leaders/Practitioners  They  are  given  a  text  which  represents  a  different  viewpoint.  They  will  silently  read  the  text  and  annotation  for  (1)  Question  (2)  Reasons/Evidence  (3)  Points  of  View  (4)  Assumptions    Each  group  will  then  be  given  the  time  to  collate  ideas.  Teacher  to  circulate  the  class  to  check  for  accuracy  or  raise  additional  questions  to  further  the  depth  of  insight.  Students  will  generate  a  mindmap  of  ideas  that  came  from  their  analysis  of  the  article  based  on  the  elements  of  reasoning.    

Teacher  has  three  choices  for  grouping  by  • Mixed  ability-­‐by  learner’s  Interest/Choice  • Ability  grouping  –  roles  further  from  their  experience,  

especially  institutional  ones  require  more  prior  knowledge  (esp.  extensive  readers)  

Each  group  needs  to  allocate  the  following  roles:  • Timekeeper  • Facilitator  x  2  • Notetaker  • Researcher  (optional  –  the  only  one  with  access  to  a  

laptop/smartphone  for  quick  online  research)  Keep  the  group  to  four  students  (max:  5)    Provide  either  magic  whiteboard  sheets  or  butcher  paper  +  markers  for  them  to  generate  thoughts.    Students  may  use  the  internet  to  get  some  ideas  but  only  one  student  is  allowed  this  access.  

20  min   Gallery  Walk  (Mixed)    Students  to  circulate  the  class  and  jot  down  questions/critiques  on  analyses  done  from  other  perspectives  such  as:  -­‐ Have  you  considered  the  weakness  of  such  a  viewpoint  -­‐ Is  this  the  best  way  to  solve  the  problem?    -­‐ How  will  it  affect  group  of  X  of  stakeholders?  -­‐ What  the  short-­‐term  problems  that  may  result?  -­‐ How  effective  will  the  solution  be  in  the  long  term?  -­‐ What  factors  may  create  problems  for  this?  

   During  this  stage,  the  teacher  should  be  circulating  around  the  class  to  note  examples  of  (1) good  critical  thinking,  as  well  as  how  certain  

comments/questions  can  be  used  to  generate  further  depth  of  insight.  

(2) fuzzy  thinking/vague  questions  or  comments  Use  the  above  as  a  way  to  sum  up  the  gallery  walk  and  model  for  them  how  to  work  with  comments/questions  given  by  their  classmates.  

Page 5: Microteaching (Critical Thinking - adapted for 1st Year JC Students)

Prepared  by  Mark  Chia  Mingde  (26  May  2015)  

30  min   Group  Work  (Expert  Group)    Students  are  to  return  to  their  expert  groups.  They  will  examine  the  comments/question  left  by  others.  They  will  spend  some  time  trying  to  respond  to  the  comments  and  questions  left  by  their  classmates.  Ideas  should  be  modified  if  comments  and  questions  given  by  classmates  leads  to  new  insights.  

   This  is  the  phase  at  which  they  will  build  on  additional  ideas/questions/comments  given  from  other  perspectives  to  generate  new  insight.  At  this  point,  having  considered  the  issue  at  length,  students  might  already  begin  to  have  ideas/recommendation.    Advise  them  to  note  down  those  recommendations  instead  of  debating  over  them.  

5  min   Summing  up  the  lesson  objectives:  -­‐ Problem  analysis  with  elements  of  reasoning  -­‐ Text  analysis  with  elements  of  reasoning  -­‐ Evaluation  of  Ideas  with  elements  of  reasoning  -­‐ Synthesis  of  Ideas  through  modification  Taking  any  final  questions    Consolidation  -­‐    (1)  Class  representative  to  take  shots  of  the  classwork  and  

upload  it  on  the  Poly’s  LMS  portal  (2)  Based  on  the  class  work  today,  provide  a  series  of  3  

recommendations  with  supporting  ideas/evidence  

 Consolidate  the  learning  for  the  day  by  drawing  the  links  between  the  various  learning  activities,  their  purposes,  and  how  they  contribute  to  the  lesson  objective.    Help  them  to  regulate  their  own  learning  by  getting  them  to  assess  individually  (1)  the  key  learning  points  for  the  tutorial  and  (2)  if  any  of  those  lesson  objectives  might  not  have  been  met  or  fully  met  –  what  more  they  need  to  know.    The  homework  will  give  the  teacher  assessment  evidence  on  how  much  learning  has  taken  place  on  an  individual  level  –  this  will  be  their  ‘passport’  for  the  next  lesson.