microwave filters design course notes dr. kawthar zaki
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN
COURSE NOTES
Dr. Kawthar Zaki
![Page 2: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 2
INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITIONS & CLASIFICATIONS OF MICROWAVE FILTERS
• FREQUENCY RANGE : 200MHZ TO 90 GHZ
• LOW FREQUENCY TECHNIQUES & THEIR LIMTATIONS
• AT HIGHER FREQUENCIES OPTICAL TECHNIQUES & THEIR LIMITATIONS
• CLASIFICATION BY TYPE: (LP, HP, BP, BS)
• CLASIFICATION BY FRACTIONAL B.W.
• CLASIFICATION BY TRANSIMISSION MEDIUM
![Page 3: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 3
LOWER FREQUENCY TECHNIQUES LIMITATIONS
• LOW FREQUENCIES ARE DEFINED TO BE BELOW @ 200 MHZ
• LUMPED ELEMENT SIZES (R, L, C) BECOME COMPARABLE TO WAVELENGTH
• RADIATION FROM ELEMENTS CAUSES UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS
• INCREASED LOSSES
• WIRE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ELEMENTS BECOME PART OF CIRCUIT (PARASETICS)
• SOURCES & MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES ARE UNSUITABLE AT HIGHER FREQUENCY
![Page 4: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 4
CLASIFICATION OF FILTERS BY PASS BAND TYPES
Attenuation
Freq.
Attenuation
Freq.Attenuation
Freq.
Attenuation
Freq.
L. P. F H. P. F.
B. P. F.B. S. F.
0
0
0
0
fc fc
fofo
b.w.
b. w.
![Page 5: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 5
CLASIFICATION OF FILTERS (ctd.)
• BY FREQUENCY BANDS:BAND DESIGNATION FREQ. RANGE GHZ.
P 0.225 - 0.39 LOWER
L 0.39 - 1.55 R.F. BAND
S 1.55 - 3.90
C 3.90 - 6.20 MICROWAVE
X 6.20 - 10.9 BANDS
K 10.9 - 36.0
Q 36.0 - 46.0 MILLIMETER
V 46.0 - 56.0 WAVE
W 56.0 - 100.0 BANDS
![Page 6: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 6
CLASIFICATIONS BY RESPONSE TYPE (INSERTION LOSS FUNCTION)
• BUTTERWORTH OR MAXIMALY FLATE T( n
• TCHEBYCHEFF OR EQUAL RIPPLE PASS BAND: T(2 Tn(
• INVERSE TCHBYCHEFF MAXIMALLY FLATE PASS BAND & EQUAL RIPPLE STOP BAND T(2 Tn(
• ELLIPTIC FUNCTION OR QUASIELLIPTIC FUNCTION (EQUAL RIPPLE IN BOTH PASS BAND AND STOP BAND)
• BESSEL THOMPSON (FLATE GROUP DELAY)
![Page 7: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 7
CLASSIFICATION BY FRACTIONAL BAND WIDTH
• NARROW BAND FILTERS : RELATIVE (bw/fo) BANDWIDTHS LESS THAN @ 5%
• MODERATE BAND WIDTH : RELATIVE BANDWIDTHS BETWEEN @ 5% TO 25%
• WIDE BAND FILTERS : RELATIVE BANDWIDTHS GREATER THAN 25%
• TECHNIQUES USED FOR DESIGN OF EACH TYPE DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY
![Page 8: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 8
CLASSIFICATION BY TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
• LUMPED & QUASI LUMPED ELEMENTS
• COAXIAL TRANSMISSION LINES
• MICROSTRIP LINES
• SUSPENDED SUBSTRATE LINES
• STRIP LINES
• RECTANGULAR OR CYLENDRICAL WAVEGUIDES
• HIGH DIELECTRIC CONSATANT FILLED (OR PARTIALLY LOADED) COAXIAL LINES OR WAVEGUIDES
![Page 9: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 9
FILTERS TRANSMISSION MEDIA
FREQUENCY BAND DESIGNATION
P L S C X K Q V W
RE
LA
TIV
E B
.W.
%
.01
.1
1.0
10.
100 LUMPEDLC
COAXIALDIELECTRICRESONATORS WAVEGUIDES
PRINTED CIRCUITSAND SUSPENDED SUBSTRATES
![Page 10: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 10
A:Coaxial Resonators, Ceramic DielectricB:Coaxial Resonators, Air DielectricC: Single Mode Cavity ResonatorsD: Single Mode Cavity Resonators, Delectrically LoadedE: HTS Planar Resonators
UNLOADED Q’S FOR BASESTATION FILTERS
100K
10K
1K
Qu
Cost
Size
A B
C
D
E
(Technology Drivers)
(Multiple Modes)
Technology Gap
Dual Mode, materials, etc.)
(MaterialsPlating)
Increased CircuitComplexity
![Page 11: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 11
IMPORTANCE OF MICROWAVE FILTERS
• FREQUENCY SPECTRUM ALLOCATION AND PRESERVATION
• INTERFERENCE REDUCTION OR ELIMINATION - RECEIVERS PROTECTION
• ELIMINATION OF UNWANTED HARMONICS & INTERMOD. PRODUCTS GENERATED FROM NONLINEAR DEVICES (MULTIPLIERS, MIXERS, POWER AMPLIFIERS)
• SIGNAL PROCESSING & SPECTRUM SHAPING
• FREQUENCY MULTIPLEXING
![Page 12: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 12
APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE FILTERS
• COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: – TERRESTRIAL MICROWAVE LINKS: RECEIVERS
PROTECTION FILTERS, TRANSMITTER FILTERS, CHANNEL DROPPING FILTERS, TRANSMITTER HARMONIC FILTERS, LOCAL OSCILLATOR FILTERS, MIXERS IMAGE REJECT FILTERS
– SATELLITE SYSTEMS:
» SPACE CRAFT: FRONT END RECEIVE FILTERS, INPUT MULTIPLEXERS CHANNELIZATION FILTERS, OUTPUT MULTIPLEXERS FILTERS, TRANSMITTERS HARMONIC REJECTION FILTERS
» EARTH STATIONS : LNA’S TRANSMIT REJECT FILTERS, HPA’S HARMONIC REJECT FILTERS, UP & DOWN CONVERTERS FILTERS
![Page 13: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 13
APPLICATIONS (ctd.)
• MOBILE AND CELLULAR SYSTEMS :– BASE STATIONS RECEIVE PROTECTION
– BASE STATIONS TRANSMITTERS FILTERS
– SUBSCRIBERS HAND SETS DIPLEXERS
– SATELLITE MOBILE APPLICATIONS
» AERONAUTICAL TX/RX SYSTEMS
» MARITIME SATELLITE TERMINALS
» LAND MOBILE SATELLITE TERMINALS
• RADAR SYSTEMS
• HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS
![Page 14: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 14
TYPICAL COMMUNICATIONS REPEATER
Antenna
Tx RejectFilter
LNA
LO
Up ConverterInput
Multiplexer
Power Amplifiers
OutputMultiplexer
![Page 15: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 15
HOW TO SPECIFY FILTERS
• FREQUENCY SPECS: f0 & BW (FOR B.P. OR B.S.), fc (FOR L.P. OR H.P.)
• PASS BAND INSERTION LOSS, RETURN LOSS AND FLATNESS (RIPPLE LEVEL)
• PASS BAND GROUP DELAY VARIATION
• SELECTIVITY OR SKIRT SHARPNESS
• OUT OF BAND REJECTION LEVELS
• SPURIOUS OUT OF BAND RESPONSE
• SPECIFICATIONS MASK
![Page 16: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 16
HOW TO SPECIFY FILTERS(ctd.)
• POWER HANDLING CAPABLITY– MULTIPACTOR EFFECTS & VOLTAGE BREAKDOWN
• ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS– OPERATIONAL TEMPERATUE LIMITS
– PRESSURE & HUMIDITY ENVIRONMENTS
– SHOCK & VIBRATION LEVELS
• MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS– SIZE, SHAPE & WEIGHT
– TYPE OF INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTORS
– MECHANICAL MOUNTING INTERFACES
![Page 17: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 17
TYPICAL INSERTION LOSS SPECIFICATION MASK
FREQUENCYf0 (4000 MHz)
INSERTION LOSS0.6dB
BW36 MHz
= dB
40 dB
50dB60 dB
70 dB
![Page 18: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 18
TYPICAL GROUP DELAY SPECIFICATION MASK
FREQUENCYf0 (4000 MHz)
GROUP DELAY
![Page 19: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 19
METHODS OF FILTER DESIGN1. IMAGE PARAMETER METHOD (EARLY 1920’S)
•BASED ON A WAVE VIEWPOINT OF CIRCUITS
1 2
ZI2
2 1
ZI2 ZI1
1 12 2
ZI1 ZI2ZI2
Etc. toInfinity
Etc. toInfinity
• IMAGE IMPEDANCES ZI1, ZI2 AND IMAGE PROPAGATION FUNCTIONARE DEFINED BY:
ZI2
ZI2E2
I2
E1
ZI1
ZI1
I1
+
-
+
-Eg e = (E1/E2) (ZI2 / ZI1)1/2
![Page 20: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 20
CONSTANT K-HALF SECTIONS
L1 = 1
C2 = 1ZI2ZI1
ZI1, ZI2
RI2
RI1
j XI1
j XI2
![Page 21: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 21
M-DERIVED HALF SECTIONS
ZI1, ZI2
RI2
RI1
j XI1
j XI2
L1 = m
C2 = mZI2
ZI1
L=(1-m2 )/m
=1/(1-m2)1/2
![Page 22: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 22
IMAGE PARAMETER FILTERS DESIGN
• PIECE TOGETHER ‘ENOUGH’ CONSTANT-K & M-DERIVED SECTIONS TO MEET REQUIRED ATTENUATION
• TERMINATION WILL BE DIFFERENT FROM THE IMAGE IMPEDANCE
• END SECTIONS ARE DESIGNED TO IMPROVE MATCH
![Page 23: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 23
2. INSERTION LOSS THEORY SYNTHESIS (DARLINGTON, 1939)
• SPECIFY TRANSFER FUNCTION OF COMPLEX FREQ. SATISFYING REALIZABILITY CONDITIONS
• FIND INPUT IMPEDANCE OR REFLECTION COEFFICIENT FROM TRANSFER FUNCTION
• DECOMPOSE TRANSFER FUNCTION & REFL. COEEF. TO TWO CASCADED PARTS:
– A PART CORRESPONDING TO A SIMPLE SECTION OF KNOWN PARAMETRS
– A PART OF LOWER ORDER THAN THE ORIGINAL TRANSFER FUNCTION ALSO SATISFYING REALIZABILITY CONDITIONS
• REPEAT SYNTHESIS CYCLE UNTILL REMAINING SECTION IS OF ZERO ORDER (CONSTANT TERMINATION)
• COMMON METHODS ARE CASCADE SYNTHESIS, PARTIAL AND CONTINUOUS FRACTION EXPANSIONS.
![Page 24: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 24
EXAMPLE OF CASCADE SYNTHESIS CYCLE
FILTER TO BE SYNTHESIZED
(UNKNOWN)
T(s) = P(s)/Q(s)T(j) < 1 ; - <Q(s) Strictly Hurwitz
8 8
REMAINING UNKNOWNSECTION
T1(s) = P1(s)/Q1(s)
2
Extracted Sectionof Known Elements
and Values
T1(j) < 1 ; - <Q1(s) Strictly Hurwitz
8 8
2
PowerAvailMax
PowerOutputjT
. .
2
![Page 25: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 25
3. COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION
• START BY SPECIFICATIONS OF DESIRED RESPONSE OVER A BAND OF FREQUENCIES AND A GIVEN NETWORK OF ELEMENTS OF KNOWN (ASSUMED) STARTING VALUES
• ANALYZE THE NETWORK TO FIND IT’S RESPONSE OVER THE SPECIFIED FREQUENCY BAND
• COMPARE THE CALCULATED RESPONSE TO THE DESIRED RESPONSE BY FORMING AN ERROR FUNCTION
• CHANGE THE ELEMENT VALUES OF THE NETWORK (WITHIN CERTAIN BOUNDS) ACCORDING TO CERTAIN PRESCRIBED RULES TO MINIMIZE THE ERROR FUNCTION
• ITERATE THE PROCESS UNTILL THE ERROR FUNCTION IS REDUCED TO ZERO, DOES NOT DECREASE IN SUCCESSIVE ITERATIONS OR A PRESPECIFIED NUMBER OF ITERATIONS IS EXCEEDED
![Page 26: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 26
FILTER REALIZATIONS
• LOW PASS AND HIGH PASS SEMI-LUMPED ELEMENTS– COAXIAL
– MICROSTRIP & STRIPLINE
• BAND PASS NARROW AND MODERATE BANDWIDTHS– COAXIAL “DUMBELL”
– MICROSTRIP PARALLEL COUPLED AND END COUPLED
– SUSPENDED SUBSTRATE
– INTERDIGITAL, COMBLINE (COAXIAL)
– WAVEGUIDES: RECTANGULAR, CIRCULAR SINGLE & DUAL MODE AND RIDGE WAVEGUIDE
– DIELECTRIC OR METALLIC LOADED RESONATORS
• BAND STOP FILTERS
![Page 27: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 27
LOW PASS COAXIAL FILTERS
COAXIAL CONNECTORHIGH IMPEDANCE LINES
(SERIES L’S)
LOW IMPEDANCE LINES(SHUNT C’S)
SEMI-LUMPED ELEMENTS EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
DIELECTRICSLEEVE
![Page 28: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 28
HIGH PASS COAXIAL FILTERSSHUNT L
SERIES C
COAXIAL CONNECTOR
SEMI-LUMPED ELEMENTS EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
![Page 29: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 29
MICROSTRIP LOW PASS FILTERS
METALIZED CIRCUIT PATTERN
DIELECTRIC SUBSTRATE OVER GROUND PLANE
![Page 30: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 30
BAND PASS COAXIAL FILTERS
DIELECTRICSLEEVERESONATORS
SERIES CAPACITORS
‘DUMBELL’ BANDPASS COAXIAL FILTER
![Page 31: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 31
PARALLEL COUPLED LINES
DIELECTRIC SHEET
OUTER CONDUCTOR & HOUSING
CENTER CONDUCTOR PATTERN
SUSPENDED SUBSTRATE LINE
• MICROSTRIP PRINTED CIRCUIT REALIZATION• RECTANGULAR COUPLED BARS FOR WIDER BANDWIDTHE & HIGHER Q’S• POSSIBLE SUSPENDED SUBSTRATE REALIZATION (HIGHER Q)
OVERLAY COUPLED LINES
![Page 32: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 32
BANDPASS END COUPLED MICROSTRIP FILTERS
METALIZED CIRCUIT PATTERN RESONATORS
DIELECTRIC SUBSTRATE OVER GROUND PLANE
![Page 33: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 33
INTERDIGITAL & COMBLINE BAND PASS FILTERS
INNER CONDUCTORS OFCOAXIAL RESONATORS
SHORT CIRCUIT END
COUPLING IRIS
TOP VIEW SIDE VIEW
OPEN CIRCUIT END
![Page 34: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 34
WAVEGUIDE FILTERS
INDUCTIVE WINDOWS (MODERATE BANDWIDTHS)
DIRECT COUPLED USING IRIS (NARROW BANDWIDTHS)
![Page 35: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 35
RIDGE WAVEGUIDE FILTERS
![Page 36: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 36
DUAL MODE CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDE FILTERS
1
23
456
INPUTIRISOUTPUT
IRIS
TUNING SCREWS
![Page 37: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 37
Dual Mode Dielectric or Conductor Loaded Resonator Filter
1
23
45
6
Dielectric or Conductor Loading
Input Coax Probe
Output Coax Probe
![Page 38: MICROWAVE FILTERS DESIGN COURSE NOTES Dr. Kawthar Zaki](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081417/56649dbd5503460f94ab0ba6/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Dr. Kawthar Zaki 38
Dual Mode Dielectric or Conductor Loaded Resonator Filter in Rectangular Enclosure
8-Pole Dual Mode Longitudinal Dielectric or Conductor LoadedResonator Filter in Rectangular Enclosure
M12M23
M14 M34M45
M56M36
M78
M67
M58