Middle East Technical UniversityNorthern Cyprus Campus

SERDAR GOKHAN YAZOGLUCIVIL ENGINEERING

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RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESDIRECT USES,INDIRECT USES,NON-SOLAR

INTRODUCTION RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES SOLAR ENERGY:DIRECT USES Solar thermal energy Solar photovoltaics SOLAR ENERGY:INDIRECT USES Hydropower Wind power Wave power Biomass energy NON-SOLAR RENEWABLES Tidal energy Geothermal energy CONCLUSION

OUTLINE

Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our eco-system.

Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight,wind,rain,tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable.

Use as much or as little of the renewable electricity you're able to generate without feeling guilty for any wastage.

A variety of renewable energy sources are readily available.

 The sun, wind, tides, and geothermal activity are all renewable forms of energy.

Government grants may be available for some natural energy projects depending on your location.

Our sun produces 400,000,000,000 watts of energy every second.

The belief is that it will last for another 5 billion years.

Solar thermal energy, which is the oldest way of tapping power from the sun, has been used for years in heating applications for households. Advantages of Solar Thermal Energy

It is all clean energy.

Solar power plant does not use

any fuel.

In expensive water heating.

In expensive home heating.

Unlimited source of energy.

 Zero harmful carbon dioxide

emissions.

Solar thermal plants will be

more economical than plants

fueled by oil or natural gas.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/

http://www.zmescience.com/research/solar-thermal-energy

Photovoltaic (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into electricity using semiconductors. Solar cells are now use in caculators, watches, radios, powering street signs and traffic lights. 

Advantages of Solar Photovoltaic Energy

Generates free energy from the sun.

Has no moving parts to break down thus requiring minimal maintenance.

Photovoltaic (PV) cells are modular, you can start with a small system and expand as your needs increase.

Systems have a long life & durability. Cells last 25-30 years.

PV cells make no noise and give off no exhaust.

http://www.our-energy.com/world_needs_stronger_renewable_energy_sector.html

http://www.theheatingbusiness.co.uk/renewable-energy/solar-photovoltaic-heating.php

Hydropower traces its roots to the water wheels used by ancients Greeks to grind wheat into flour.

China’s Three Gorges Dam is the largest electricity-producing power plant in the world.

By harnessing the power of rivers and oceans, scientists have been able to create a sustainable energy source from water.

Advantages of HydropowerEnvironment friendly.Less expensive.Maximum output achieved.Jobs are created in hilly regions.Low maintenance (minimum staff required).

Disadvantages of HydropowerDams are extremely expensive to build and must be built to a very high standard.The flooding of large areas of land means that the natural environment is destroyed.The building of large dams can cause serious geological damage.Building a large dam alters the natural water table level.

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/guides/Reference/Alternative-Energy/Hydropower.html

Wind power is the conversion of wind power into a useful form of energy ,such as using wind turbines to make electricity. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines which are connected to the electric power transmission network. Worldwide there are now many thousands of wind turbines operating, with a total nameplate capacity of 194,400 MW. Wind power can be an excellent complement to a solar power system.Advantages of Wind PowerWind power, as an alternative to fossil fuels.PlentifulRenewable Widely distributed.Produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.Uses little land.

Disadvantages of Wind PowerWind turbines Interfere with Television Reception.Wind turbines kill birds.Wind turbines are noisy.Wind itself is not dependable.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/5445929/Wind-turbines-on-public-sector-

Wave power is the transport of energy by ocean surface waves, and the capture of that energy to conduct electricity. Waves are caused by the wind blowing over the surface of the ocean. In many areas of the world, the wind blows with enough consistency and force to provide continuous waves. There is tremendous energy in the ocean waves. There are three main categories that wave power can be split into, these are near shore, at shore and off shore.

Advantages of Wave PowerDoes not generate pollution.Does not generate solid waste.Reliable source of energy as water current patterns are predictable.

http://ocsenergy.anl.gov/includes/dsp_photozoom.cfm?imgname

http://www.our-energy.com/ocean_energy.html

Climate change is one of the most difficult challenges in world's history.World is constantly looking at possible options to decrease our dependence on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels when burned create harmful carbon emissions that end up in Earth's atmosphere, and contribute to global warming phenomenon. Bioenergy is an excellent renewable energy source if regulated and used properly.

http://prosandconsbiomassenergy.org/pros-and-cons-biomass-energy/

BIOFUELSBio-oilBiodieselBioethanolBiogass

Disadvantages of Biofuels More land must be set aside to make biofuels. Natural habitats (flora

and fauna) may be lost as a result. Burning corn may release high concentrations of nitrous oxide into

the air, which is a greenhouse gas. The production and transport of the biofuel to gas stations is very

complex, which involves a lot of costs.

Advantages of BiofuelsBiofuels are cheaper than fossil fuels. Many governments are now offering tax incentives to buy greener cars that run on biofuels. Biofuels are emit less particulate pollution than other fuels, especially diesel.Biofuels are renewable sources of energy as you can just keep producing more.It can help prevent engine knocking.Doesn’t require any radical changes to switch to the use of biofuels- unlike the difficulties in switching to other renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power.

Tidal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy used by humans. Tide mills consisted of a storage pond, filled by the incoming (flood) tide through a sluice.Emptied during the outgoing tide through a water wheel. The tides turned waterwheels, producing mechanical power to mill grain. Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable.Tidal energy is a renewable source of electricity which does not result in the emission of gases responsible for global warming.

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/intelligent-energy/animal-magnetism-how-wave-tidal-energy-devices

Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water.Hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface,and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. People have made use of geothermal energy in the form of hot springs for centuries.The first attempt to generate electricity from this energy source did not occur until the 20th century.

There are three types of geothermal energyDry Steam:Power plants using dry steam systems were the first type of geothermal power generation plants built.Flash Steam:Flash steam plants are the most common type of geothermal power generation plants in operation today. Binary Cycle:Binary cycle geothermal power generation plants differ from dry steam and flash steam systems because the water or steam from the geothermal reservoir never comes in contact with the turbine/generator units.

http://news.discovery.com/earth/geothermal-hot-times-for-an-old-energy-source-111121.html

ADVANTAGES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESRenewable energy sustainable and so will never run out.Renewable energy produces little or no waste products such as carbon dioxide or other chemical pollutants.Renewable energy has minimal impact on the environment.Renewable energy projects can also bring economic benefits.

DISADVANTAGES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESRenewable energy is that it is difficult to generate the quantities of electricity. Renewable energy often relies on the weather for its source of power.  It is a new technology and as such has extremely large capital cost.

http://www.bellona.org/imagearchive http://www.bellona.org/imagearchive

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