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Middletown Tonya Keller Bayshore Rec Ctr. SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report /31

June 17, 2010

Local Government Energy Program

Energy Audit Report

For

Middletown Township Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center

50 Bray Avenue Middletown, NJ 07748

Project Number: LGEA41

Steven Winter Associates, Inc. 293 Route 18 South, Suite 330 Telephone: (866) 676-1972 Architects and Engineers East Brunswick, NJ 08816 E-mail:[email protected]

www.swinter.com


TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1. HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION ......................................................................................................... 7 1.1 ENERGY USAGE AND COST ANALYSIS................................................................................................................ 7 1.2 UTILITY RATE .................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 ENERGY BENCHMARKING ................................................................................................................................. 7 2. FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 10 2.1 BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 BUILDING OCCUPANCY PROFILES .............................................................................................................. 10 2.3 BUILDING ENVELOPE .................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3.1 EXTERIOR WALLS ....................................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 ROOF ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.3.3 BASE ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3.4 WINDOWS .................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.5 EXTERIOR DOORS ........................................................................................................................................ 10 2.3.6 BUILDING AIR TIGHTNESS ........................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 HVAC SYSTEMS .......................................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.1. HEATING ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2. COOLING ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.3. VENTILATION .............................................................................................................................................. 12 2.4.4. DOMESTIC HOT WATER ............................................................................................................................. 12 2.5. ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ................................................................................................................................ 13 2.5.1. LIGHTING ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.5.2. APPLIANCES AND PROCESS ......................................................................................................................... 13 2.5.3. ELEVATORS ................................................................................................................................................. 13 2.5.4. OTHER ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 13 3. EQUIPMENT LIST.......................................................................................................................................... 14 4. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES................................................................................................... 15 5. RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES ................................................................... 25 5.1 EXISTING SYSTEMS .......................................................................................................................................... 25 5.2 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ................................................................................................................................... 25 5.3 SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS................................................................................................................. 25 5.4 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER ................................................................................................................... 25 5.5 GEOTHERMAL ............................................................................................................................................. 25 5.6 WIND ............................................................................................................................................................ 25 6. ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES ........................................................... 25 6.1 LOAD PROFILES ........................................................................................................................................... 25 6.2 ENERGY PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES ....................................................................................................... 26 7. METHOD OF ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................. 28 7.1 ASSUMPTIONS AND TOOLS .......................................................................................................................... 28 7.2 DISCLAIMER ................................................................................................................................................ 28 APPENDIX A: LIGHTING STUDY ............................................................................................................................... 29 APPENDIX B: THIRD PARTY ENERGY SUPPLIERS (ESCOS) ................................................................................... 31


INTRODUCTION

Launched in 2008, the Local Government Energy Audit (LGEA) Program provides subsidized energy audits for municipal and local government-owned facilities, including offices, courtrooms, town halls, police and fire stations, sanitation buildings, transportation structures, schools and community centers. The Program will subsidize 75% of the cost of the audit. If the net cost of the installed measures recommended by the audit, after applying eligible NJ SmartStart Buildings incentives, exceeds the remaining cost of the audit, then the additional 25% will also be paid by the program. The Board of Public Utilities (BPU) Office of Clean Energy has assigned TRC Energy Services to administer the Program. On December 8, 2009, Steven Winter Associates, Inc. (SWA) and PMK Group, Inc., a business unit of Birdsall Services Group (BSG-PMK) (collectively “SWA/BSG-PMK”), performed an energy audit and assessment for the Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center Building. The building is located at 50 Bray Avenue, Middletown, New Jersey 07748, in Monmouth County. The current conditions and energy-related information were collected in order to analyze and facilitate the implementation of energy conservation measures for the building. The Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center was built in 1948 and is approximately 5,804 sqft. The building consists of a gym, a game room, meeting room, ceramics room, and second floor offices daycare and educational area. The building is open 7:00 AM to 9:00 PM Monday through Friday and 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM on Saturday and is occupied by approximately 10 employees. Energy data and building information collected in the field were analyzed to determine the baseline energy performance of each building. Using spreadsheet-based calculation methods, SWA/BSG-PMK estimated the energy and cost savings associated with the installation of each of the recommended energy conservation measures. The findings for the building are summarized in this report.

The goal of this energy audit is to provide sufficient information to make decisions regarding the implementation of the most appropriate and most cost effective energy conservation measures for the buildings.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This document contains the energy audit report for the Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center, located at 50 Bray Avenue, Middletown, New Jersey 07748. Based on the field visit performed by BSG-PMK staff on December 8, 2009, and the results of a comprehensive energy analysis, this report describes the site’s current conditions and recommendations for improvements. Suggestions for measures related to energy conservation and improved comfort are provided in the scope of work. Energy and resource savings are estimated for each measure that results in a reduction of heating, cooling, and electric usage. Current conditions In the most recent full year of data collected, October, 2008 through September, 2009, the Facility consumed a total of 133,520 kWh of electricity for a total cost of $46,011, and this facility does not consume fossil fuels. The building consumed 455 MMBtus of energy at a total cost of $46,011. SWA/BSG-PMK has entered energy information about the Facility in the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager energy benchmarking system. In order to compare commercial buildings equitably, the Portfolio Manager ratings convey the consumption of each type of energy in a single common unit. The EPA uses source energy to represent the total amount of raw fuel required to operate the building. The site energy use intensity for the complex is 78.0 kBtu/sq.ft/year. After energy efficiency improvements are made, future utility bills can be added to the Portfolio Manager and the site energy use intensity for a different time period can be compared to the year 2009 baseline to track the changes in energy consumption associated with the energy improvements. Buildings achieving an Energy Star rating of 75 are eligible to apply for the Energy Star award and receive the Energy Star plaque to convey superior performance. These ratings also greatly help when applying for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building certification through the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). SWA/BSG-PMK encourages the Township of Middletown to continue entering utility data in Energy Star Portfolio Manager in order to track whether normalized source energy use over time. The building performance rating could not be determined because this is a mixed-use facility, comprised by non-eligible space types categorized as “Other”. (Refer to Section 1.3 for Energy Star Rating) Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvement Measures

The efficiency of the heating system can be improved by converting the building to a hot water, natural gas heating system. Due to the fact that there is no hydronic heating system in place, the costs for installing one would be high. The domestic water heater has surpassed its useful life and should be replaced. This could not be recommended as an ECM, as the cost savings for replacing an electric water heater with another, more efficient, electric water heater would not be high enough to yield a low payback. If a natural gas heating system is implemented, the water heater should be converted to natural gas as well.

Category II Recommendations: Operations and Maintenance

The underside of the second floor roof is not insulated. A core sample should be taken of the built up roof to determine its R-Value in an effort to add additional insulation and increase the vapor barrier, and insulation to interior roof joists.


All of the doors should be inspected and have new weather tight thresholds and weather stripping.

Category III Recommendations: Energy Conservation Measures - Upgrades with associated energy savings

At this time, SWA/BSG-PMK highly recommends a total of three (3) Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) for the Tonya Keller Recreation Center that is summarized in the following tables. The total investment cost for these ECMs is $15,638. SWA/BSG-PMK estimates a first year savings of $4,411 with a simple payback of 3.6 years. SWA/BSG-PMK estimates that implementing the highly recommended ECMs will reduce the carbon footprint of the building by 35,548 lbs of CO2, which is equivalent to removing approximately three cars from the roads each year.

There are various incentives that the Township of Middletown could apply for that could also help lower the cost of installing the ECMs. SWA/BSG-PMK recommends that the Township apply for the NJ SmartStart program through the New Jersey Office of Clean Energy. This incentive can help provide technical assistance for the building in the implementation phase of any energy conservation project. A new NJ Clean Power program, Direct Install, could also assist to cover up to 80% of the capital investment. In order to qualify, the facility being upgraded must not have had a peak demand that exceeded 200 kW in any of the preceding 12 months; the highest peak demand for the complex in the previous year was 48.8 kW. Currently, New Jersey commercial buildings of similar type pay $0.15/kWh for electricity and $1.55/therm for natural gas. The electricity rate for the building is $.17/kWh, which means there is a potential cost savings of $2,433 per year.

The following table summarizes the proposed Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) and their economic relevance:


1. HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION

1.1 Energy Usage and Cost Analysis

SWA/BSG-PMK analyzed utility bills from November, 2007 through September, 2009 that were received from the utility companies supplying the Tonya Keller Recreation Center with electricity, the Tonya Keller Recreation Center does not consume natural gas. Electricity

- The Tonya Keller Recreation Center is currently served by one electric meter and buys electricity from Jersey Central Power & Light at an average rate of $0.17/kWh based on 12 months of utility bills from October, 2008 through September, 2009. The building purchased 133,520 kWh or $22,461 worth of electricity during that time span.

The following chart shows electricity usage for the building based on utility bills from October, 2008 through September, 2009:

1.2 Utility Rate

The Tonya Keller Recreation Center currently purchases electricity from Jersey Central Power & Light for electricity use (kWh) with a separate (kW) demand charge. The complex currently pays an average rate of approximately $0.17kWh based on the 12 months of utility bills of October, 2008 through September, 2009.

1.3 Energy Benchmarking

The building information and utility data were entered into the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager Energy benchmarking system. BSG-PMK and SWA recommend that the Borough maintain the Portfolio Manager account at the link below. As the account is maintained, SWA/BSG-


PMK can share with the Township and TRC and allow future data to be added and tracked using the benchmarking tool.

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate_performance.bus_portfoliomanager

Username: middletowntownship Password: middletown

Buildings achieving an Energy Star rating of 75 are eligible to apply for the Energy Star award and receive the Energy Star plaque to convey superior performance. These ratings also greatly help when applying for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building certification through the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). BSG-PMK encourages the Township to continue entering utility data in Energy Star Portfolio Manager in order to track whether normalized source energy use over time. The Site Energy Use Intensity is 78.0 kBtu/ft2yr compared to the national average of 65.0 kBtu/ft2yr for commercial buildings classified similarly by the Energy Star Portfolio Manager. Implementing this report‘s recommendations will reduce use by approximately 6.7 kBtu/ft2yr, which when implemented would lower the buildings energy consumption.

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate_performance.bus_portfoliomanager�


2. FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION

2.1 Building Characteristics The Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center was built in 1948 and is approximately 5,804 sqft. The building consists of a gym, a game room, meeting room, ceramics room, and second floor offices daycare and educational area.

2.2 Building occupancy profiles The building is open 7:00 AM to 9:00 PM Monday through Friday and 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM on Saturday and is occupied by approximately 10 employees.

2.3 Building envelope

2.3.1 Exterior Walls

The exterior walls are constructed from brick faced stucco with vinyl siding on the second level. The walls are fair condition with some indications of needing repair on the south faces. The interior is finished with a mixture of drywall and paneling. There is R19 batt insulation.

2.3.2 Roof

The 2nd floor flat roof over the original building is constructed with wood rafters, plywood sheathing and a built up asphalt roof with a reflective coating. The Gymnasium addition is a truss roof design with asphalt shingles. Aside from some alligatorring on The main roof the roofing is in generally good condition. Category II: Repair and Maintenance- The underside of the second floor roof is not insulated. A core sample should be taken of the built up roof to determine its R-Value in an effort to add additional vapor barrier, and insulation to interior roof joists.

2.3.3 Base

The base of the building is poured concrete on grade. The slab is in good condition.

2.3.4 Windows

The windows are older triple track style vinyl windows and are in need of replacement with newer more energy efficient units. The windows are in poor condition and several on the second floor did not fit the rough openings properly. Category III Recommendation: ECM #3-Install thermal pane windows

2.3.5 Exterior doors


The exterior doors are in poor condition. The doors are medium grade insulated hollow metal doors with steel frames. Category II: All of the doors should be inspected and have new weather tight thresholds and weather stripping.

2.3.6 Building air tightness

The building is not air tight. There are visual signs of outside air infiltration. There are openings between the window frames and the window sills. The windows are single pane, which allows for cooling and heat losses. ( See Category III Recommendation ECM #3)

2.4 HVAC Systems

2.4.1. Heating The gym is heated by two new Dayton 7.5 kW electric unit heaters, both with model number 2YU66. The rest of the building is heated by electric baseboards, which are in poor condition. Category I Recommendation – Capital Investment: The baseboards that provide heat to the facility are old and in poor condition, and should be replaced with newer, more efficient units. Another option worth considering is replacing the entire heating system with a hot water, natural gas system. Due to the fact that there is no hydronic heating system in place, this measure could prove too costly to implement. Category III Recommendation – ECM #2: Heating is controlled by ten non-setback thermostats. It is recommended that these be replaced by programmable thermostats that would automatically lower the temperature when the building is not in use.

Electric Baseboards Dayton Electric Unit Heater


2.4.2. Cooling

Seven through-the-wall air-conditioners provide cooling to the facility:

Category I Recommendation – Capital Improvement: Replace the Emerson unit as it has reached the end of its useful life and the 2nd floor Carrier unit, along with any other unit that is either old or does not operate properly, with a high-efficiency EnergyStar unit. A central air split system was evaluated for the second floor and it was determined due to the increased tonnage required for outside air requirements that there would be a substantial increase in energy usage over the existing window A/C units resulting in no energy savings.

Carrier Through-the-Wall A/C 2.4.3. Ventilation

Ventilation is provided by exhaust fans, windows, and doors.

2.4.4. Domestic Hot Water Water is heated by a 40 gallon, 4.5 kW Rheem electric water heater, with model number 81V40DC. It is nearing the end of its useful life. Category I Recommendation: Replace the current water heater on an as-fail basis. If the heating system is eventually converted to natural gas, it would be beneficial to replace the unit with one that is gas-fired.

Manufacturer Model # BTU Area ServedFedders A6K32E7B 32,000 Game Room & TV Room

Frigidaire FAA062P7A4 6,000 2nd-Floor OfficeCarrier No nameplate 5,000 Main OfficeAmana AC12090C1D 12,000 2nd FloorAmana AC12090C1D 12,000 2nd FloorCarrier No nameplate 15,000 2nd Floor

Emerson No nameplate 12,000 Game Room


Rheem Electric Water Heater

2.5. Electrical systems

2.5.1. Lighting A complete inventory of all interior, exterior, and exit sign light fixtures were examined and documented in Appendix A of this report including an estimated total lighting power consumption. Our initial findings indicate that performing a detailed lighting upgrade per the recommendations in Appendix A will result in an annual savings of $2,617 based on the current $0.17/kWh and the current occupancy schedule. Implementation of this ECM will cost approximately $7,340. Currently the Board of Public Utilities (BPU) would offer an estimated rebate of $1,180.00, yielding a net cost of $6,160 for this project. With a yearly savings of $2,617 the payback on this ECM would about 2.4 years. Category III Recommendation - ECM #1: Recommend upgrading all T-12 lighting fixtures with magnetic ballasts to T-8 fixtures with electronic ballasts, as well as various other lighting upgrades outlined in Appendix A. Also recommend installing lighting sensors to certain areas where lights typically remain lit when unoccupied for long periods of time.

Refer to Appendix A for further details.

2.5.2. Appliances and process

At this facility, there are four computers, an electric stove, two microwaves, and two GE refrigerators. 2.5.3. Elevators There are no elevators at this facility.

2.5.4. Other electrical systems There are currently no other significant energy impacting electrical systems installed at the Tonya Keller Recreation Center.


3. EQUIPMENT LIST

Note: The remaining useful life of a system (in %) is the relationship between the system manufactured and / or installed date and the standard life expectancy of similar equipment based on ASHRAE (2003), ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, Chapter 36.


4. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

Based on the assessment of the Beachwood Community Center, BSG-PMK has separated the investment opportunities into three recommended categories:

1. Capital Improvements - Upgrades not directly associated with energy savings 2. Operations and Maintenance - Low Cost / No Cost Measures 3. Energy Conservation Measures - Higher cost upgrades with associated energy savings

Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvement Measures

The efficiency of the heating system can be improved by converting the building to a hot water, natural gas heating system. Due to the fact that there is no hydronic heating system in place. Converting to a high-efficiency, natural gas, hot water heating system would save $6,500 or more in annual heating costs. The domestic water heater has surpassed its useful life and should be replaced. This could not be recommended as an ECM, as the cost savings for replacing an electric water heater with another, more efficient, electric water heater would not be high enough to yield a low payback. If a natural gas heating system is implemented, the water heater should be converted to natural gas as well.

Category II Recommendations: Operations and Maintenance

The underside of the second floor roof is un-insulated. A core sample should be taken of the built up roof to determine its R-Value in an effort to add additional vapor barrier, and insulation to interior roof joists. All of the doors should be inspected and have new weather tight thresholds and weather stripping.

Category III Recommendations: Energy Conservation Measures

Summary table

ECM # Description 1 Lighting Upgrade & Occupancy Sensors 2 Programmable Thermostats 2a Install Hydronic Heating System & Outside Air Reset 3 Install Thermal-Pane Windows


ECM#1: Lighting Upgrades & Occupancy Sensors

Description: Lighting at the Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center consists primarily of T-12 fluorescent lamps with magnetic ballasts. There are also a number of energy efficient T-8 fixtures in the bathrooms and kitchen. The exterior was lit with incandescent lamps that should be replaced with compact fluorescents. The exterior lighting also consist of H.I.D. wall mounted fixtures. It is recommended that all T-12 fixtures with magnetic ballasts be retrofit with T-8 lamps and electronic ballasts. Lighting replacement generally yields a very good payback, due to the fact that most lighting usage in commercial buildings is fairly high and the installation is relatively inexpensive. Recommended lighting upgrades are detailed in Appendix A.

Installation cost:

Source of cost estimate: Empirical Data

Summary Lighting (Only)

Sensors (Only)

Complete Lighting Upgrade

Cost $5,960.00 $1,380.00 $7,340.00Rebate $1,015.00 $165.00 $1,180.00

Net Cost $4,945.00 $1,215.00 $6,160.00Savings (kWh) 14,344 1,452 15,396

Savings ($) $2,438.52 $246.92 $2,617.36Payback 2.0 4.9 2.4

Variables: Assumptions:$0.17 Avg. Electric Rate ($/kWh) 25% Occupancy Sensor Savings (Avg)

Avg. Demand Rate ($/kW) 40% Occupancy Sensor Savings(>Avg)4004 Operating Hours/Year14 Operating Hours/Work Day


Economics (without incentives):

Assumptions: The electric cost used in this ECM was $0.17/kWh, which was the Tonya Keller Bayshore Recreation Center’s average rate for the 12-month period ranging from October 1, 2008 through September 30, 2009. The replacements for each lighting fixture, the costs to replace or retrofit each one, and the rebates and wattages for each fixture are located in Appendix A. Rebates/financial incentives: The New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates for upgrading lighting fixtures and installing lighting controls. The total rebate amount this ECM qualifies for is $1,180.

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Lighting Upgrade $5,960 $1,015 $4,945 14,344 4.55 0 3.71 $0 $2,439 15 $28,694 2.03 3202% 213% 49% $24,166 19,652

Occupancy Sensors $1,380 $165 $1,215 1,452 0.46 0 0.38 $0 $247 10 $2,085 4.92 716% 72% 16% $891 1,990

1Empirical

Data


ECM#2: Programmable Thermostats Description: Heating is at the Tonya Keller Recreation Center is controlled by ten non-setback thermostats. Non-setback thermostats need to be adjusted manually, so the heating would not be lowered automatically when the building is not in use. Setback thermostats do adjust the temperature automatically when the facility is not in use, and save energy by not causing excess heating and cooling to be used when the building is unoccupied. This building is in use 77 hours per week, and the temperature can be set back for the remaining 91 hours of the week. Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $320 each, $3,200 total Source of cost estimate: RS Means CostWorks 2009 Economics:

Assumptions: Using utility data for the calendar year beginning in October, 2008 and ending in September, 2009, it was determined that the average cost of electric for the year was $0.17/kWh; during this time, the building consumed 133,520 kWh. Due to the fact that the heating and cooling systems are both electric, it is difficult to determine the amount of electricity used for heating by measuring an increase in electric consumption in the winter; therefore, a chart from the US Department of Energy, which shows the percentages of a commercial building’s total energy consumption that each energy-consuming system uses, was used to estimate the percentage of the building’s electric bill that was used for heating:

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RS Means CostWorks

2009$3,200 $0 $3,200 7,913 2.51 0 2.05 $0 $1,345 10 $11,359 2.38 2550% 255% 41% $8,275 10,841


Using this chart, it was estimated that 38% of the building’s electric consumption, or 50,738 kWh, are used for heating. For the heating season, the occupied and unoccupied temperatures were assumed to be 68°F and 60°F, respectively. The building is unoccupied for nine hours each night and one hour each day on weekdays, and twelve hours each night and an average of eight hours each day on weekdays. The savings were calculated using Honeywell’s Commercial Programmable Thermostat Energy Savings Calculator, an Excel spreadsheet, which assumes 3% savings per degree of setback for the heating season, and 6% for the cooling season. Rebates/financial incentives: No rebates or incentives for programmable thermostats could be found.


ECM#2a: Install Hydronic Heating System, Programmable Thermostats & OAR Description: Heating at the Tonya Keller Recreation Center is provided by electric baseboards throughout the building and electric unit heaters in the gym. Electricity is not a cost-efficient source of heat. The cost of electricity currently paid at the facility is $0.17/kWh, which is equivalent to $5.27/therm; by comparison, natural gas typically costs about $1.50/therm. In addition, the baseboards were found to be in poor condition. It is recommended that the current heating system be replaced by a natural gas, hot water heating system, with heat generated by a 450 MBH boiler. Due to the fact that there is no hydronic heating system in place, installing this system will be costly; however, New Jersey’s Direct Install rebate program will cover up to 80% of the operating costs, and the substantial cost savings will lead to a quick payback. It is also recommended that, once the system is installed, hot water outdoor air reset control (OAR) also be installed. These controllers reduce the maximum boiler water temperature depending on the outside air temperature; for instance, if the outside air temperature is 0°F, the boiler temperature will be 180°F, but if the outside air temperature is 40°F, the boiler temperature will only need to be 130°F. Heating is controlled by ten non-setback thermostats. Non-setback thermostats need to be adjusted manually, so the heating would not be lowered automatically when the building is not in use. Setback thermostats do adjust the temperature automatically when the facility is not in use, and save energy by not causing excess heating and cooling to be used when the building is unoccupied. This building is in use 77 hours per week, and the temperature can be set back for the remaining 91 hours of the week. Once the heating system is installed, it is recommended that programmable thermostats also be installed. Only two or three thermostats will be needed. Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $110,000 Source of cost estimate: Similar projects Economics:

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Similar Projects $110,000 $88,000 $22,000 50,738 16.11 -977 13.00 $0 $7,160 25 $121,949 3.07 1817% 73% 33% $102,683 58,082


Assumptions: Using utility data for the calendar year beginning in October, 2008 and ending in September, 2009, it was determined that the average cost of electric for the year was $0.17/kWh; during this time, the building consumed 133,520 kWh. Due to the fact that the heating and cooling systems are both electric, it is difficult to determine the amount of electricity used for heating by measuring an increase in electric consumption in the winter; therefore, a chart from the US Department of Energy, which shows the percentages of a commercial building’s total energy consumption that each energy-consuming system uses, was used to estimate the percentage of the building’s electric bill that was used for heating:

Using this chart, it was estimated that 38% of the building’s electric consumption, or 50,738 kWh, are used for heating. In the new system, the replacement is 95% efficient; in the old system, the efficiency was originally 95%-100% (as is typical for electric heating units), but due to the age and condition of the unit, it was assumed to be 75%. An additional 8% of the proposed fuel consumption was added to the savings, representing the energy saved by the outdoor air reset control. The annual gas input of the new heating system was calculated using the following series of equations: Current electric input: 50,738 kWh=1,731 therms Current/proposed output: Proposed gas input (pre-OAR): Proposed gas input (post-OAR): -


For the heating season, the occupied and unoccupied temperatures were assumed to be 68°F and 60°F, respectively. The building is unoccupied for nine hours each night and one hour each day on weekdays, and twelve hours each night and an average of eight hours each day on weekdays. The savings were calculated using Honeywell’s Commercial Programmable Thermostat Energy Savings Calculator, an Excel spreadsheet, which assumes 3% savings per degree of setback for the heating season, and 6% for the cooling season. Rebates/financial incentives: No rebates or incentives for programmable thermostats could be found.


ECM#3: Install Thermal-Pane Windows

Description: The windows at the Tonya Keller Recreation Center are well-beyond their useful life of 35 years. They are thin and single-paned; triple track windows that do not provide much thermal resistance. In addition, the current units are not equipped with thermal breaks, allowing for excess infiltration of air into and out of the building. During SWA/BSG-PMK’s survey, there were complaints from employees about the amount of cold air that seeps through the windows. Replacing the windows with double-paned units with aluminum framing and thermal breaks will prevent heat from escaping in the winter and entering in the summer, therefore reducing the amount the heating and cooling systems need to work, saving energy and adding longevity to the lives of the systems. Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $6,278 at $62 per square-foot Source of cost estimate: Similar projects Economics:

Assumptions: The area of the windows that are recommended to be replaced is 101.25 square feet. The electric cost used, taken from 12 months of the Tonya Keller Recreation Center’s energy bills, was $0.17 per kWh. All heating and cooling are electric. The cost of installation, using several similar projects as a guideline, was determined assuming $62 per square-foot of windows. The current windows are single-paned, and have a thermal resistance (R-value) of 0.90, equivalent to an overall heat transfer coefficient (U-factor) of 1.11. The proposed windows have an R-value of 3.8 and a U-factor of 0.26. The efficiency of the current heating system was estimated to be 75%, as all heating units were electric (electric heat generally has an efficiency of 95%-100%, when the systems are new) and in poor condition. The mean EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) for the current air conditioning units is approximately 9, which is a typical value for window air-conditioning units. The assumed indoor temperature in the cooling season is 72°F, and for the heating season, 68°F. The building is in use 77 hours per week. The calculations were performed using a heat transfer analysis, with 5°F bin temperature data for Newark, NJ. The first step in calculating the savings is to multiply the annual hourly occurrences for each 5°F bin by the difference between that

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Similar Projects

$6,278 0 $6,278 2,238 0.71 0 0.58 $0 $380 35 $7,941 16.50 76% 2% 5% $1,897 3,066


temperature and the desired indoor temperature (bin temperatures above 72°F were considered to be the cooling season, and below were considered to be a heating season), and sum all of these values for heating and cooling. The unit for these two values will be , and shall be represented as ( , with t representing time and ΔT representing the temperature difference. Current and proposed heat loss was calculated using the following equations:

The energy savings, in BTUs, were calculated using the difference between the current and proposed heat losses, for heating and cooling. Electric and natural gas savings were calculated using the following equations:

Rebates/financial incentives: No rebates or incentives for window upgrades could be found.


5. RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES

5.1 Existing Systems

There are currently no existing renewable energy systems.

5.2 Solar Photovoltaic

Photovoltaic (PV) technology would not be cost beneficial to this project since there is such a small area of viable space available.

5.3 Solar Thermal Collectors

Solar thermal collectors are not cost effective for this project and are not recommended due to the low amount of domestic hot water use throughout the building.

5.4 Combined Heat and Power

CHP is not applicable to this project because of the HVAC system type and limited domestic hot water usage.

5.5 Geothermal

Geothermal is not applicable to this project because it would require modifications to the existing heat distribution system, which would not be cost effective.

5.6 Wind

Wind power production is not appropriate for this location because required land is not available for the wind turbine. Also, the available wind energy resource is very low.

6. ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES

6.1 Load profiles

The average electrical peak demand for the facility during previous year was 42.4 kW and the maximum peak demand was 48.8 kW. The electric load profiles for this project are presented in the following charts. The Tonya Keller Recreation Center does not consume natural gas. The first chart shows the electric demand (in kW) for the previous 12 months and the next chart shows electric usage (in kWh).


6.2 Energy Procurement strategies

Billing analysis shows price fluctuations of over 20% over the course of the year for the building’s electrical and natural gas accounts. This may be reflective of the utility tariffs under which the building owner secures its’ energy supply. These tariffs often include seasonally adjusted demand charges, or seasonally adjusted usage charges which reflect the markets for the underlying energy commodity. For example, a utility often has tariffs which charge more for electricity in the summer when demand for capacity is high and, the marginal producer of electricity is a higher cost generator who otherwise would not be running in the winter, or shoulder seasons. Buildings which have a large variation in monthly billing rates can often reduce the costs associated with energy procurement by selecting a third party energy supplier who can provide them with fixed pricing over the course of a contract term as well as attain purchasing economies which may not be available on a utilities default tariff (basic generation service in the case of electric and basic gas service in the case of natural gas). Currently, New Jersey commercial buildings of similar type pay $0.15/kWh for electricity and $1.55/therm for natural gas. The electricity rate for the building is $.17/kWh, which means there is a potential cost savings of $2,433 per year. A small cost savings potential for electricity exists, however this involves contacting third party suppliers and negotiating utility rates. SWA recommends that Middletown further explore opportunities of purchasing electricity from third party energy suppliers in order to reduce rate fluctuation and ultimately reduce the annual cost of energy for the building. Appendix B contains a list of third party energy suppliers . Contact the NJ Energy Choice Program for further information on companies that can act as third party (non-utility) energy suppliers. Purchasing energy from a third party supplier can reduce price fluctuations and can ultimately reduce the annual cost of energy for the facility. Appendix B contains a complete list of third party energy suppliers.


Electricity prices generally reflect electricity usage


7. METHOD OF ANALYSIS

7.1 Assumptions and tools

Energy modeling tool: established / standard industry assumptions, E-Quest Cost estimates: RS Means 2009 (Facilities Maintenance & Repair Cost Data)

RS Means 2009 (Building Construction Cost Data) RS Means 2009 (Mechanical Cost Data) Published and established specialized equipment material and labor costs.

Cost estimates also based on utility bill analysis and prior experience with similar projects.

7.2 Disclaimer

This engineering audit was prepared using the most current and accurate fuel consumption data available for the site. The estimates that it projects are intended to help guide the owner toward best energy choices. The costs and savings are subject to fluctuations in weather, variations in quality of maintenance, changes in prices of fuel, materials, and labor, and other factors. Although we cannot guarantee savings or costs, we suggest that you use this report for economic analysis of the building and as a means to estimate future cash flow.

THE RECOMMENDATIONS PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT ARE BASED ON THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS, INSPECTION, AND PERFORMANCE TESTING OF A SAMPLE OF COMPONENTS OF THE BUILDING SITE. ALTHOUGH CODE-RELATED ISSUES MAY BE NOTED, BSG-PMK AND SWA STAFF HAVE NOT COMPLETED A COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION FOR CODE-COMPLIANCE OR HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES. THE OWNER(S) AND MANAGER(S) OF THE BUILDING(S) CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARE REMINDED THAT ANY IMPROVEMENTS SUGGESTED IN THIS SCOPE OF WORK MUST BE PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS THAT APPLY TO SAID WORK. PARTICULAR ATTENTION MUST BE PAID TO ANY WORK WHICH INVOLVES HEATING AND AIR MOVEMENT SYSTEMS, AND ANY WORK WHICH WILL INVOLVE THE DISTURBANCE OF PRODUCTS CONTAINING MOLD, ASBESTOS, OR LEAD.


Appendix A: Lighting Study


Appendix B: Third Party Energy Suppliers (ESCOs)

Third Party Electric Suppliers for PSEG Service Territory Telephone & Web Site Third Party Gas Suppliers for Elizabethtown

Gas Co. Service Territory Telephone & Web Site

Hess Corporation (800) 437-7872 Cooperative Industries (800) 628-94271 Hess Plaza www.hess.com 412-420 Washington Avenue www.cooperativenet.comWoodbridge, NJ 07095 Belleville, NJ 07109American Powernet Management, LP (877) 977-2636 Direct Energy Services, LLC (866) 547-2722437 North Grove St. www.americanpowernet.com 120 Wood Avenue, Suite 611 www.directenergy.comBerlin, NJ 08009 Iselin, NJ 08830BOC Energy Services, Inc. (800) 247-2644 Gateway Energy Services Corp. (800) 805-8586575 Mountain Avenue www.boc.com 44 Whispering Pines Lane www.gesc.comMurray Hill, NJ 07974 Lakewood, NJ 08701Commerce Energy, Inc. (800) 556-8457 UGI Energy Services, Inc. (856) 273-99954400 Route 9 South, Suite 100 www.commerceenergy.com 704 East Main Street, Suite 1 www.ugienergyservices.comFreehold, NJ 07728 Moorestown, NJ 08057ConEdison Solutions (888) 665-0955 Great Eastern Energy (888) 651-4121535 State Highway 38 www.conedsolutions.com 116 Village Riva, Suite 200 www.greateastern.comCherry Hill, NJ 08002 Princeton, NJ 08540Constellation NewEnergy, Inc. (888) 635-0827 Glacial Energy of New Jersey, Inc. (877) 569-2841900A Lake Street, Suite 2 www.newenergy.com 207 LaRoche Avenue www.glacialenergy.comRamsey, NJ 07446 Harrington Park, NJ 07640Credit Suisse, (USA) Inc. (212) 538-3124 Hess Corporation (800) 437-7872700 College Road East www.creditsuisse.com 1 Hess Plaza www.hess.comPrinceton, NJ 08450 Woodbridge, NJ 07095Direct Energy Services, LLC (866) 547-2722 Intelligent Energy (800) 724-1880120 Wood Avenue, Suite 611 www.directenergy.com 2050 Center Avenue, Suite 500 www.intelligentenergy.orgIselin, NJ 08830 Fort Lee, NJ 07024FirstEnergy Solutions (800) 977-0500 Metromedia Energy, Inc. (877) 750-7046300 Madison Avenue www.fes.com 6 Industrial Way www.metromediaenergy.comMorristown, NJ 07926 Eatontown, NJ 07724Glacial Energy of New Jersey, Inc. (877) 569-2841 MxEnergy, Inc. (800) 375-1277207 LaRoche Avenue www.glacialenergy.com 510 Thornall Street, Suite 270 www.mxenergy.comHarrington Park, NJ 07640 Edison, NJ 08837Metro Energy Group, LLC (888) 536-3876 NATGASCO (Mitchell Supreme) (800) 840-442714 Washington Place www.metroenergy.com 532 Freeman Street www.natgasco.comHackensack, NJ 07601 Orange, NJ 07050Integrys Energy Services, Inc. (877) 763-9977 Pepco Energy Services, Inc. (800) 363-749999 Wood Ave, South, Suite 802 www.integrysenergy.com 112 Main Street www.pepco-services.comIselin, NJ 08830 Lebanon, NJ 08833Liberty Power Delaware, LLC (866) 769-3799 PPL EnergyPlus, LLC (800) 281-2000Park 80 West Plaza II, Suite 200 www.libertypowercorp.com 811 Church Road www.pplenergyplus.comSaddle Brook, NJ 07663 Cherry Hill, NJ 08002Liberty Power Holdings, LLC (800) 363-7499 South Jersey Energy Company (800) 756-3749Park 80 West Plaza II, Suite 200 www.libertypowercorp.com One South Jersey Plaza, Route 54 www.southjerseyenergy.comSaddle Brook, NJ 07663 Folsom, NJ 08037Pepco Energy Services, Inc. (800) 363-7499 Sprague Energy Corp. (800) 225-1560112 Main St. www.pepco-services.com 12 Ridge Road www.spragueenergy.comLebanon, NJ 08833 Chatham Township, NJ 07928PPL EnergyPlus, LLC (800) 281-2000 Woodruff Energy (800) 557-1121811 Church Road www.pplenergyplus.com 73 Water Street www.woodruffenergy.comCherry Hill, NJ 08002 Bridgeton, NJ 08302Sempra Energy Solutions (877) 273-6772581 Main Street, 8th Floor www.semprasolutions.comWoodbridge, NJ 07095South Jersey Energy Company (800) 756-3749One South Jersey Plaza, Route 54 www.southjerseyenergy.comFolsom, NJ 08037Sprague Energy Corp. (800) 225-156012 Ridge Road www.spragueenergy.comChatham Township, NJ 07928Strategic Energy, LLC (888) 925-911555 Madison Avenue, Suite 400 www.sel.comMorristown, NJ 07960Suez Energy Resources NA, Inc. (888) 644-1014333 Thornall Street, 6th Floor www.suezenergyresources.comEdison, NJ 08837UGI Energy Services, Inc. (856) 273-9995704 East Main Street, Suite 1 www.ugienergyservices.comMoorestown, NJ 08057

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