midterm review family sociology. midterm exam the midterm exam will be on blackboard midterm will...

Midterm ReviewMidterm ReviewFamily SociologyFamily Sociology

Midterm ExamMidterm Exam The Midterm exam WILL BE ON BLACKBOARDThe Midterm exam WILL BE ON BLACKBOARD Midterm will be listed under Course Midterm will be listed under Course

Documents/TESTS FolderDocuments/TESTS Folder THE EXAM WILL OPEN from Thursday at 9:00 A.M. THE EXAM WILL OPEN from Thursday at 9:00 A.M.

until Friday, at 4:00 P.M.until Friday, at 4:00 P.M. Once you log on you will have one hour and 30 Once you log on you will have one hour and 30

min. to completemin. to complete If the exam freezes, e-mail me to unlock.If the exam freezes, e-mail me to unlock. Jot down your test answers on paper or type Jot down your test answers on paper or type

into Word as a backupinto Word as a backup

DonDon’’t try to save or back track!t try to save or back track!

Midterm ExamMidterm Exam 40ish multiple choice questions (2 40ish multiple choice questions (2

or 3 points each)or 3 points each) The last 7 questions are on 3-4 The last 7 questions are on 3-4

charts (also multiple choice)charts (also multiple choice) Print out the Slides: Print out the Slides: ““Charts for Charts for

Midterm Midterm Print out Before Exam” --posted on Print out Before Exam” --posted on

lecture slides page of wiki.lecture slides page of wiki.”” This file is under in the Lecture This file is under in the Lecture

Slides in PowerPoint folder on the Slides in PowerPoint folder on the wikiwiki

Midterm ExamMidterm Exam

This review includes review of some This review includes review of some lectures and readings information lectures and readings information as as well aswell as multiple choice questions similar multiple choice questions similar to those that will be on the examto those that will be on the exam

The answers to the multiple choice The answers to the multiple choice questions will appear with a click in questions will appear with a click in View slideshow mode. View slideshow mode.

So view this as a slideshow, and then So view this as a slideshow, and then you can quiz yourselfyou can quiz yourself

MANY QUESTIONS ARE IN THE MANY QUESTIONS ARE IN THE FOLLOWING FORMATFOLLOWING FORMAT

Make sure you read the question carefully to Make sure you read the question carefully to see if you should be choosing the statement see if you should be choosing the statement that is FALSEthat is FALSE!!

According to the lecture on cohabitation, which of the According to the lecture on cohabitation, which of the following statements isfollowing statements is FALSE FALSE??

A)A) African Americans have higher rates of cohabitation African Americans have higher rates of cohabitation than whitesthan whites

B)B) 67% of Americans cohabit prior to marriage today.67% of Americans cohabit prior to marriage today.

C)C) About 3 in 10 cohabitors marry within 5 years.About 3 in 10 cohabitors marry within 5 years.

D)D) Women who receive alimony or welfare are more likely Women who receive alimony or welfare are more likely to cohabit rather than marry so they can keep these to cohabit rather than marry so they can keep these benefits.benefits.

Answer: CAnswer: C

Helpful Hints for studyingHelpful Hints for studying

Review all PowerPoint lectures slidesReview all PowerPoint lectures slides Review all assignments and Review all assignments and

commentscomments Make sure you have completed all Make sure you have completed all

the assigned reading!the assigned reading! The lecture on self-help books is also The lecture on self-help books is also

included in this examincluded in this exam

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 1.1. A ________ is a major sphere of A ________ is a major sphere of

social life with a set of beliefs and social life with a set of beliefs and rules that is organized to meet rules that is organized to meet human needs.human needs.

A.A. social institutionsocial institution B.B. social normsocial norm C.C. social rulesocial rule D.D. social organizationsocial organization Answer: AAnswer: A

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review

2.2. Give an example of a macro Give an example of a macro level analysis:level analysis:

1.1. Examining large scale Examining large scale changes such as the increase in changes such as the increase in married womenmarried women’’s employment s employment rate in U.S.rate in U.S.

2.Comparing divorce rates in two 2.Comparing divorce rates in two countriescountries


3.3. Briefly define and distinguish Briefly define and distinguish between the terms sex and genderbetween the terms sex and gender

SexSex refers to the biological refers to the biological characteristics such as reproductive characteristics such as reproductive organs, sex chromosomes, hormones, organs, sex chromosomes, hormones, that distinguish males and femalesthat distinguish males and females

Gender Gender refers to the cultural or social refers to the cultural or social characteristics that distinguish men characteristics that distinguish men and womenand women

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 4. 4. How has sexuality changed over How has sexuality changed over

time?time? A.A. sex has become separated from sex has become separated from

marriage.marriage. B.B. the sex specialization marriage the sex specialization marriage

model has become more common.model has become more common. C.C. People are more private about their People are more private about their

sexual choices and identitysexual choices and identity D.D. None of the aboveNone of the above Answer AAnswer A

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 5. 5. According to the article by According to the article by Hymowitz, Hymowitz, ““The New The New

Girl Order,Girl Order,”” the the ““Sex and the CitySex and the City”” lifestyle, is going lifestyle, is going global.global.

What What threethree demographic changes are at the core of this demographic changes are at the core of this lifestyle shift?lifestyle shift?

First, women—especially, but not only, in the First, women—especially, but not only, in the developed world—are getting married and having developed world—are getting married and having kids considerably later than ever before.kids considerably later than ever before.

Second, young people, particularly women, are Second, young people, particularly women, are enrolling in colleges and universities at enrolling in colleges and universities at unprecedented rates. Between 1960 and 2000, the unprecedented rates. Between 1960 and 2000, the percentages of 20-, 25-, enrolled in school percentages of 20-, 25-, enrolled in school urbanization. more than doubled in the U.S.urbanization. more than doubled in the U.S.

Third, urbanization -- women more likely to live on Third, urbanization -- women more likely to live on their own in cities after finishing school and before their own in cities after finishing school and before getting married.getting married.

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 6. Briefly describe the main ideas of the gender 6. Briefly describe the main ideas of the gender

perspectives perspectives

Operates at both macro and micro levelOperates at both macro and micro level Central concept is gender—the social and cultural Central concept is gender—the social and cultural

characteristics that distinguish women and men in characteristics that distinguish women and men in society.society.

Oriented toward power in relationships. Oriented toward power in relationships. Feminist theory argues that differences between men Feminist theory argues that differences between men

and women are and women are socially constructed socially constructed to maintain to maintain power of men over women.power of men over women.

Emphasizes culture, rather than biology.Emphasizes culture, rather than biology.

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review7. According to sociologists, race is 7. According to sociologists, race is

defined as ___________defined as ___________ while ethnicity refers while ethnicity refers

to_________________to_________________ Race: Race: groups with a common set of groups with a common set of

physical features that distinguishes physical features that distinguishes them from other groupsthem from other groups

Ethnicity: A population that shares a Ethnicity: A population that shares a cultural heritage or common ancestrycultural heritage or common ancestry

Ethnic groups have a sense of Ethnic groups have a sense of brotherhood or sisterhood maintained brotherhood or sisterhood maintained within the larger culturewithin the larger culture

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 8. 8. Recent data and research on women in Recent data and research on women in

paid work and the government showpaid work and the government showA.A. that the percentage of women in the Senate is that the percentage of women in the Senate is

rapidly increasing.rapidly increasing.

B.B. that men have experienced an increase in their that men have experienced an increase in their rate of unemployment, while women have seen an rate of unemployment, while women have seen an decrease in their rate of unemployment.decrease in their rate of unemployment.

C.C. that employment among teenage girls has sharply that employment among teenage girls has sharply decreased during the economic downturn.decreased during the economic downturn.

D.D. All of the above.All of the above. Answer: BAnswer: B


9. 9. Briefly distinguish between the macro Briefly distinguish between the macro and micro levels of analysis in and micro levels of analysis in sociological inquirysociological inquiry

Analysis at the macro level focuses on Analysis at the macro level focuses on large-scale institutions, structures, and large-scale institutions, structures, and processes; comparisons between entire processes; comparisons between entire societiessocieties

Analysis at the micro level examines Analysis at the micro level examines interaction between individuals and small interaction between individuals and small groups like familiesgroups like families

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review10. As you learned from Assignment #3, 10. As you learned from Assignment #3,

in contrast to structural functionalist theory in contrast to structural functionalist theory -- which views society as a system of -- which views society as a system of interacting parts that act in harmony -- interacting parts that act in harmony -- conflict theoryconflict theory

A. views society as a set of social institutions with specific functions

B. focuses on power differences between the haves and have nots

C. focuses on gender differences

D. None of the above

Answer: B

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review11. 11. The new discourse on gay families The new discourse on gay families

emerges from the same cultural trends emerges from the same cultural trends that have led to the weakening of that have led to the weakening of marriage as a social institution includingmarriage as a social institution including

A. the increased focus on adolescence as a separate A. the increased focus on adolescence as a separate stage of life. stage of life.

B. the rise of individualism (focus on me).B. the rise of individualism (focus on me).C. the separation of sex from marriageC. the separation of sex from marriageD. B & CD. B & C

Answer D: Both B & CAnswer D: Both B & C

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 12. 12. Why do LGBT &Q couples seek to get Why do LGBT &Q couples seek to get

married?married?A. Married couples are more likely to have children than A. Married couples are more likely to have children than

gay couplesgay couples

B. Benefits are automatically given to married couples B. Benefits are automatically given to married couples such as inheritance and health insurance for spousessuch as inheritance and health insurance for spouses

C. Married couples more likely to afford to buy a house C. Married couples more likely to afford to buy a house togethertogether

D. All of the above. D. All of the above.

Answer is B

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 13. 13. Which of the following statements about how Which of the following statements about how

families have changed over time is families have changed over time is FALSEFALSE? ? A. While the power of marriage over people's lives has A. While the power of marriage over people's lives has

weakened, 90 percent of whites and 75 percent of weakened, 90 percent of whites and 75 percent of African Americans will eventually marry. African Americans will eventually marry.

B. Images of the happy, nuclear family of the 1950s B. Images of the happy, nuclear family of the 1950s are largely myths. are largely myths.

C. Families today are similar to those in the past in C. Families today are similar to those in the past in which three generations lived together for long periods which three generations lived together for long periods of time. of time.

D. Families are adapting to demographic and social D. Families are adapting to demographic and social changes, but remain a strong influence over the lives changes, but remain a strong influence over the lives of adults and children.of adults and children.

Answer CAnswer C

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 14. 14. According to the lecture on Demographic According to the lecture on Demographic

Trends, Trends, which of the following statements is which of the following statements is TRUE?TRUE?

A. A. Cohabitation is on the rise in the United Cohabitation is on the rise in the United States.States.

B. B. Men live longer than womenMen live longer than women C. C. Divorce rates have been increasing over Divorce rates have been increasing over

the past ten yearsthe past ten years D. D. More than 45% of adults over age 25 More than 45% of adults over age 25

have a college degree in the U.S.have a college degree in the U.S. Answer AAnswer A


15. 15. What are the approximate percentages of Non What are the approximate percentages of Non Hispanic Whites, Non Hispanic Blacks, Asians, Hispanic Whites, Non Hispanic Blacks, Asians, Native Americans, and Hispanics living in the Native Americans, and Hispanics living in the U.S.?U.S.?

Non-Hisp African-American:Non-Hisp African-American: 14.6 %14.6 % (Race)(Race) Non-Hisp White:Non-Hisp White: 75.0 % 75.0 % (Race)(Race) Asian-American:Asian-American: 4.3 %4.3 % (Race)(Race) Native American:Native American: .9 % .9 % (Race)(Race) Hispanic/Latino: Hispanic/Latino: 16.3 % 16.3 %

(Ethnicity)(Ethnicity)

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review16. What are two reasons that sociologists 16. What are two reasons that sociologists

argue that race is socially constructed?argue that race is socially constructed? While racial characteristics are biological in While racial characteristics are biological in

origin, the origin, the interpretationinterpretation of those of those characteristics may vary characteristics may vary

Choice of racial characteristics that are Choice of racial characteristics that are emphasized is subjectiveemphasized is subjective

Racial definitions varies over time –from on Racial definitions varies over time –from on historic period to anotherhistoric period to another

Racial definitions Racial definitions vary across space - from vary across space - from one society to the nextone society to the next


17. What racial-ethnic group has the highest 17. What racial-ethnic group has the highest percentage of children living in two-parent, percentage of children living in two-parent, intact families and why?intact families and why? Asian AmericansAsian Americans Because they are more likely to be newer Because they are more likely to be newer

immigrants who are coming from a more immigrants who are coming from a more traditional culture, countrytraditional culture, country

Divorce is less acceptable and more Divorce is less acceptable and more recently legalized in Asian countries recently legalized in Asian countries compared to the U.S.compared to the U.S.

Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 18.18. Which of the following statements best Which of the following statements best

describes the field of family sociology?describes the field of family sociology? A. Family sociology focuses on how social A. Family sociology focuses on how social

institutions like the economy, government, and institutions like the economy, government, and religion, influence family behavior, actions, and religion, influence family behavior, actions, and choices. choices.

B. Family sociology examines how social class, B. Family sociology examines how social class, race/ethnicity, and culture largely affect individual race/ethnicity, and culture largely affect individual and family outcomes.and family outcomes.

C. Family Sociology examines how the interaction C. Family Sociology examines how the interaction of individuals and families influence economic and of individuals and families influence economic and social change.social change.

D. All of the aboveD. All of the above Answer DAnswer D


19. What is the average age at 19. What is the average age at marriage for women and for men marriage for women and for men today?today?

Women: 26Women: 26 Men: 28Men: 28 Make sure to note the chartMake sure to note the chart

20. What is the trend in the following rates, 20. What is the trend in the following rates, since 1980? since 1980?

Teen pregnancy rate:Teen pregnancy rate:

Divorce rate: Divorce rate: leveled off and slightly decliningleveled off and slightly declining

WomenWomen’’s labor force participation rate:s labor force participation rate:

Fertility rate: Fertility rate: decline(from 1.9 to 1.7 children per decline(from 1.9 to 1.7 children per

woman)woman)


Midterm ReviewMidterm Review 21. According to the article by Hymowitz about 21. According to the article by Hymowitz about

““The New Girl Order? Which of the following The New Girl Order? Which of the following changes have been spreading from the U.S. to changes have been spreading from the U.S. to Europe? Hint: Think Sex & the CityEurope? Hint: Think Sex & the City

A. More women are becoming educated and A. More women are becoming educated and focusing on careers before marryingfocusing on careers before marrying

B. More women are remaining single longer and B. More women are remaining single longer and living in urban areas.living in urban areas.

C. The increasing privacy surrounding marriage C. The increasing privacy surrounding marriage and sex.and sex.

D. A & BD. A & B

Answer D) Both A & BAnswer D) Both A & B

Using the Previous chartUsing the Previous chart22.From 1995 to 2010, which family type 22.From 1995 to 2010, which family type

is expected to see the largest is expected to see the largest decrease?decrease?

A. Single mothers with children.A. Single mothers with children. B. Single fathers without children.B. Single fathers without children. C. Two-parent households with children.C. Two-parent households with children. D. married couple households with no D. married couple households with no

children.children. Answer CAnswer C

23. According to the reading in the Risman text: The 23. According to the reading in the Risman text: The Picture Perfect American Family: These Days it Picture Perfect American Family: These Days it Doesn't Exist, by Andrew Cherlin, which of the Doesn't Exist, by Andrew Cherlin, which of the following is TRUE? following is TRUE?

A. contemporary marriage has become more A. contemporary marriage has become more focused on the emotional rewards of family life, focused on the emotional rewards of family life, compared to bringing home a paycheck or raising compared to bringing home a paycheck or raising children. children.

B. the two-parent, breadwinner-homemaker B. the two-parent, breadwinner-homemaker marriage reaches its peak in the 1950s. marriage reaches its peak in the 1950s.

C. families are more diverse than in the past C. families are more diverse than in the past evidenced by the diversity in the political evidenced by the diversity in the political candidates in the 2010 presidential election. candidates in the 2010 presidential election.

D. All of the above. D. All of the above. Answer DAnswer D


Midterm ReviewMidterm Review24. The U.S. Bureau of the Census has collected data for the 24. The U.S. Bureau of the Census has collected data for the

2010 Census. What is the difference between a Census of 2010 Census. What is the difference between a Census of the U.S. and national survey of the U.S. like the National the U.S. and national survey of the U.S. like the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH)?Survey of Families and Households (NSFH)?

A. A Census is not representative of the entire U.S. A. A Census is not representative of the entire U.S. population, while a national survey is.population, while a national survey is.

B. A national survey is not representative of the entire U.S. B. A national survey is not representative of the entire U.S. population, while a Census is. population, while a Census is.

C. A survey is based on a sample drawn from the C. A survey is based on a sample drawn from the U.S. national population, while a Census attempts to U.S. national population, while a Census attempts to collect data from EVERY American. collect data from EVERY American.

D. None of the above.D. None of the above.

Answer CAnswer C


25. According to the article by Smock & Manning 25. According to the article by Smock & Manning in your Reisman textbook on on cohabitation:in your Reisman textbook on on cohabitation:

A. Cohabitation is no longer a rare phenomenon as A. Cohabitation is no longer a rare phenomenon as it was three decades agoit was three decades ago

B. Cohabitation has become an integral part of the B. Cohabitation has become an integral part of the courtship process.courtship process.

C. Among couples who began a relationship C. Among couples who began a relationship between 1997 and 2001, 68 % of them began between 1997 and 2001, 68 % of them began their relationship by cohabiting compared with their relationship by cohabiting compared with just 32 % who began them by marrying.just 32 % who began them by marrying.

D) All of the aboveD) All of the above Answer DAnswer D


And don’t forget, Family Sociologists And don’t forget, Family Sociologists argue that:argue that:

LoveLove Sexual IdentitySexual Identity RaceRace Sex Sex Are all socially constructed – or socially Are all socially constructed – or socially

created through daily interactions within created through daily interactions within our cultureour culture

Extra CreditExtra Credit

What is Professor GagerWhat is Professor Gager’’s favorite TV s favorite TV show that depicts changing show that depicts changing relationships and trends?relationships and trends?

Sex and the City!Sex and the City!