MigrationA type of relocation diffusion

Migration A permanent move to a new location Geographers document WHERE people migrate to and

from across the SPACE of Earth

Migration Generally A form of mobility

covering all types of movements from one place to another

Short-term daily, monthly, or annual movements occurring on a regular basis are called circulation

“Em” or “Imm”??? Emigration is migration FROM a location

(Emigrants) Immigration is migration TO a location

(Immigrants) Ex. Bob from Canada migrates to Brazil.

Canada’s data shows him as an emigrant, while Brazil considers him an immigrant.

Net Migration is the difference between the # if immigrants and the # of emigrants

Net Migration If the # of immigrants > than # of emigrants = positive net

migration (region has net in-migration) Opposite of that = negative net migration (region has net out-

migration)

Let’s Discuss: Why does true migration occur less

often than circulation or other forms of movement?

How might a region be effected if it has large levels of net in-migration?

If globalization connects the world, why do people still feel the need to migrate?

Why do people Migrate?

Reasons for Migrating: Most people migrate for economic

reasons Cultural and environmental factors

exist, but not as frequently as economic Push (centrifugal) Factors – induce

people to move out of current location Pull (centripetal) Factors – induce

people to move into a new location* Both typically play a role

Let’s Discuss: What are some economic push/pull

factors? What are some cultural push/pull

factors? What are some environmental

push/pull factors?

Intervening Obstacles Intervening Obstacle is am environmental

or cultural feature that hinders migration Past – environmental played huge role- Large bodies of water, mountains, deserts,

etc. (no modern transportation) - People ended up settling short of desired

location Present – cultural plays role- Local diversity in government and politics- Need a passport to legally emigrate, and a

visa to legally immigrate

Homework!!! Compare and Contrast:1) International v. Internal Migration2) Interregional v. Intraregional Migration3) Voluntary v. Forced Migration Describe each stage of the Migration

Transition (Correlates w/ Dem. Trans.)4) Stage 15) Stage 26) Stage 3 & 4

On your own… Characteristics of Migrants (84-85) U.S. Immigration Patterns (86-88)

Global Migration Patterns Asia, Latin America, and Africa have net

out-migration North America, Europe, and Oceania

have net in-migration Three largest flows currently:1. Asia Europe2. Asia North America3. Latin America North America

Global Patterns Continued… Reflects importance of migration from LDCs

MDCs U.S. has more foreign born residents than

any other country (approx. 40 million in 2010), growing by 1 million annually

Australia and Canada have higher rates of net in-migration (smaller populations)

Countries with highest rates are in oil exporting countries of the Middle East

- Attract workers from poorer neighboring countries to work dangerous jobs

Impact of Immigration on U.S. 18th Century – England and Africa 19th Century – Europe * Euro migrants declined after WWII 20th Century – Latin America and Asia

European Pattern The Industrial Revolution moved many

European countries into Stage 2 As the populations increased economic

opportunities decreased Migration to the U.S. helped decrease

the population in Europe, creating opportunities for all

Most of Europe in Stages 3 & 4 now, no need to reduce population

European Culture 65 million European emigrants

worldwide Indo-European languages spoken by half

of the world Europe’s most prevalent religion,

Christianity, also the world’s largest Euro art, music, literature, philosophy,

and ethics diffused worldwide

Most European Impact Countries sparsely populated prior to

Euro migration (U.S. & Australia) Conflict in places w/ indigenous people

where Euro dominated and imposed political domination

Conflicts today in Africa and Asia a result of arbitrary boundary lines drawn while Euro colonized the area

Unauthorized Immigration to the U.S. Unauthorized (undocumented) Immigrants – enter

the U.S. illegally 2008 11.9 million- 6.3 mill. adult males- 4.1 mill. adult females- 1.5 mill. children• 4 mill. children born in U.S. to illegal parents• 8.3 mill. employed (Normally constructions or

service job) 59% Mexico 22% Elsewhere in Latin America 12% Asia