Mikko A. Uusitalo

WWRF chair

Mikko.a.uusitalo@nokia.com

THE WIRELESS WORLD RESEARCH FORUM -

GLOBAL VISIONS OF A WIRELESS WORLD

WWRF · page 2

Shaping the Global Wireless Future

• Develop common global vision for future wireless to drive research and standardization

• Influencing decision makers’ views of the wireless world

• Enabling powerful R&D collaborations• Advancing wireless frontiers to serve our customers

WWRF · page 3

WWRF - Objectives and scopeWWRF - Objectives and scope

Major objectivesdevelop a consistent vision of the future Wireless

Worldgenerate, identify, and promote research and trendsidentify and assess the potential of new

technologies and trendscontribute to the definition of research programs ease future standardization by harmonizing and

disseminating viewsScope

concentrate on the definition of research items open to all actors

WWRF · page 4

WWRF Strategy Jan 2005

• Maintain status as the global leading platform for creating and disseminating visions for B3G• Enhance communication inside and outside of WWRF• Influence the creation and direction of research programs globally• Invite new valuable contributions from academia & ITC industry• Get maximum appreciation and visibility for our deliverables

• Harmonize approach to B3G• Concentrate on deliverables – and certify them in Vision Committee

• System concept with high-level architecture• White papers• WWRF briefings

• Support convergence of digital industries

WWRF · page 5

WWRF DeliverablesWWRF Deliverables

Input: Contributions to meetings and working groups

Output deliverables:

White Papers and WWRF Briefings on different topics

Book of Visions, most recent one ‘Technologies for the Wireless Future’ published Nov 2004 by Wiley

IEEE Communication Magazine theme issue Sept 04

Reply to ITU-R Questionnaire on Service View Jan 05

Other books and articles etc.

WWRF · page 6

Global context towards the Wireless World Global context towards the Wireless World

1 • First Book of Visions published

• Set of initial white papers and work on reference models

• Draft Book of Visions with current versions of the Vision, White Papers, and Reference Model

• High level view for future services and applications• Ideas for future Wireless World system concept• Updated Vision, Reference model and White Papers

2

3

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2020

21

Preparation of the Book of Visions 2001Set of white papers and work on reference models

Preparation of the next Book of Visions

• System concept with high-level architecture

• Consensus document defining the concept for future Wireless World

• Review of the Wireless World

• Vision for 2020

5

7

3 4

High level requirements for the Wireless World

6

6

= Milestone

4

7

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 … 2020

5

WWRF Milestones & Activities

ITU-R

Global Research activities towards a Wireless World

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2020 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 … 2020

Spectrum Estimation Identification Specifications referenced

Framework Services View / Market Analysis Requirements & Radio Framework

Enhancements

International Research Programs

Research towards WW started

WRC07WRC03

Prototypes / Concept Integration

Close interworking with other organisations

WWRF · page 7

They belong to the

manufacturer domain

network operator domain

academic domain

one regulator

& R&D centers

They come from four continents

America

Asia

Australia

Europe

More than More than 150 member organisations150 member organisations

WWRF membership

WWRF · page 8

WWRF Sponsor Members

Alcatel Bell Canada Ericsson EURESCOM France Telecom Huawei IBM Intel LGE

Lucent Motorola

NEC

Nokia

Nortel

Raytheon

Samsung

Siemens

Vodafone

WWRF Vision CommitteeWWRF Vision CommitteeHeidelberg, April 2004Heidelberg, April 2004

WWRF · page 9

WWRF structureWWRF structure

SIG3: SIG3: Self-Organizationin Wireless World Systems

Vision Committee

SIG1:SIG1:Spectrum Topics

SIG2: SIG2: Security and Trust

WG

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Management Team

General Assembly

Chair

Secretariat

Steering Board

WWRF · page 10

• Users are in control through intuitive interactions with applications, services

and devices

• Services and applications are personalized, ambient-aware, and adaptive (I-

centric) - ubiquitous from the point of view of the user

• Seamless services to users, groups of users, communities and machines

(autonomously communicating devices) irrespective of place and network and

with agreed quality of service

• Users, application developers, service and content providers, network

operators and manufacturers can create efficiently and flexibly new services

and business models based on the component-based open architecture of the

wireless world

• There is awareness of, and access to, appropriate levels of reliability, There is awareness of, and access to, appropriate levels of reliability, security security

and trustworthinessand trustworthiness, in the wireless world, in the wireless world

Key principles for WWRF vision

WWRF · page 11

Some challenges for the future wireless world 1/2

Starting point in addition to the key principles of vision : Humans• Interest in semantic• Need to control and communicate as a prolongation of their human senses

This leads to the following challenges:

I-, user- and group-centric challenges• Exceed user expectations in terms of simplicity and functionality • Enhance user experience through effortless, intuitive communication and information

browsing and retrieval applications, featuring: Natural interfaces, using all appropriate senses Intelligence, context awareness and adaptiveness High degree of personalization

• Manage conflict between diversity (of needs) and simplicity (of appropriation)• Experienced added value exceeds costDevice-centric challenges• Creation and trial of many innovative devices (communicating objects)• Autonomously communicating devices• Nuts and bolts : weight, size, battery life, displays and audio quality….

WWRF · page 12

Some challenges for the future wireless world 2/2

Service-centric challenges• Seamless services irrespective of place and network and with agreed quality of

service • Support innovative applications (e.g. mobile multimedia, communicating objects) • Efficient and flexible service and business model creation -> component-based

open architecture and platform, generic service elementsSystem-centric challenges• Independent evolution of different layers, e.g. services and networks• E2E security, scalability, reconfigurability and manageability• Requirements from convergence of digital industries• IPv6 and beyondAccess Network –centric challenges• Transparent, seamless and secure access across any access networks (short

or long range, relayed, multiple hops, ad hoc) • Connect a trillion devices, including machine-to-machine and sensor networks • More efficient air interfaces and spectrum use, much higher bit rates, ubiquitous

coverage• All-IP architecture and beyond• Flexibility, cognitive radio, self-managed systems

WWRF · page 13

Current White Papers and Briefings Current White Papers and Briefings (1/2)(1/2)

WG1ScenariosReference ModelUser InterfacesUser-Centred Design ProcessService Taxonomy and Evolution

WG2Terminology (basic terms for WG2)Business ModelPersonalizationAmbient AwarenessAdaptabilityGeneric Service Elements and Enabling TechnologiesRequirements for Future Service ArchitectureService Architecture

WG3Vision and Roadmap (cooperative networks)Research Challenges and PrioritiesArchitectural PrinciplesNetwork Component TechnologiesAd Hoc NetworkingFlexible Control Space ArchitecturesPersonal Networks and Private PANsInterworking of Networks for Service Delivery

WG4New Air Interfaces: Requirements and SolutionsBB Frequency Domain –Based Air Interfaces Smart Antennas Relay-based Deployment ConceptsDuplexing, Resource Allocation and Inter-Cell CoordinationChannel Measurement and ModellingMeshing for Relay-based Deployment ConceptsMulti-hop Protocols for Relay

WWRF · page 14

Current White Papers and Briefings Current White Papers and Briefings (2/2)(2/2)

WG5Ultra WidebandMIMO-OFDM in TDD ModeNew Radio Interfaces for Short RangePervasive UWB Radio SystemsSystem ArchitectureSensor NetworksWBAN/WSNHigh ThroughputImplementation Issues60+ GHz

SIG1 Spectrum for Future Mobile & Wireless Communications

WG6 (R = reconfigurability)Scenarios, Requirements and Roadmaps

Element management, flexible air-interfaces, SDR Network Architectures and Support ServicesCognitive radio, spectrum and RRMBusiness Models and Sustainability

Management and Control Architecture, Scalability and Stability of Reconfigurable SystemsRoadmaps for Reconfigurability

Cognitive Radio and Management of Spectrum and Radio Resources in Reconfigurable Networks

SIG2: Security and Trust - The Big PictureSIG3: Self-Organization Overview

WG4 Chair: David Falconer, WG4 Chair: David Falconer, Carleton University [ddf@sce.carleton.ca]Carleton University [ddf@sce.carleton.ca]WG4 Vice-Chair: Angeliki Alexiou, WG4 Vice-Chair: Angeliki Alexiou, Bell Labs [alexiou@lucent.com]Bell Labs [alexiou@lucent.com]

WWRF Working Group 4WWRF Working Group 4

New Radio Interfaces, New Radio Interfaces, Relay-Based Systems Relay-Based Systems and Smart Antennasand Smart Antennas

WWRF · page 16

WG4 Scope

• WG4 focuses on air interfaces, and smart antenna and relay network enhancements, in metropolitan and wide-area environments; i.e. wireless MAN and WAN point-to-multipoint, unicast, multicast and broadcast systems, with or without mobility.

• The beyond-3G systems under consideration are characterized by aggregate bit rates up to the 100 Mb/s range or higher, high mobility, high user capacity and ubiquity, and coexistence with complementary services sharing the same or adjacent spectrum.

• Typically considered distances between mobile terminals and access points are greater than 100 m., although communication may be facilitated by a relay network with shorter inter-relay distances.

• Technology domains within the scope of WG4 include - physical layer (PHY)- medium access layer (MAC)- cross-layer optimization- enabling radio frequency technologies and components- system topologies- coexistence and deployment, and - radio channel propagation models.

WWRF · page 17

Overall System Issues

Source: ITU-R 2002

WWRF · page 18

New Air Interfaces

• Frequency domain-based air interfaces

• Adaptable, scalable; terminal cost commensurate with capability.

• Location-aware Radio Resource Management

• WG4 white papers:

- “New Air Interfaces – Requirements and Solutions” (2003-2004)

- “Broadband Frequency Domain-Based Air Interfaces” (2004-2005)

• Scalable air interface preferably supported by a reconfigurable DSP architecture

• Multiple access:

- Packet based, with packets partitioned and assigned to time division/frequency division/space division “chunks”. Assignment takes user terminal bandwidth, bit rate and signal processing capabilities into account.

- Multiple bandwidth frequency-domain-based transmission for opportunistic cognitive radio.

- Broadcast and multicast must be implemented efficiently.

WWRF · page 19

Relaying• Relaying can

- increase coverage- reduce terminal power and - enhance capacity

but not necessarily all simultaneously.

• Cooperative Relaying- Exploitation of Spatial Diversity- Virtual Antenna Arrays- Single Frequency Networks

• Mobile Relays in Cellular Networks

• Routing issues: possible approach is overlay wireless network concept: Cellular Based Multihop (CBM)

• WG4 white papers:

- “Relay-based Deployment Concepts for Mobile Broadband” (2003-2004)

- „Meshing for relay-based deployment“ (2005)

- „Multi-hop protocols for relay-based deployment“ (2005)

Channel Group 1

Channel Group 2Block Access Point FWR

Manhattan Scenario

Cellular multi-hop coverage

Channel Group 1

Channel Group 2

Channel Group 1

Channel Group 2Block Access Point FWR

Manhattan Scenario

Cellular multi-hop coverage

WWRF · page 20

Smart Antennas• MIMO processing techniques

- Spatial Multiplexing- Space-Time coding

• Interference reduction• Diversity Tx/Rx• Adaptive, reconfigurable, robust:

- Adaptive beamforming for high inter-element correlations- Diversity or space-time coding for low inter-element correlations- Spatial multiplexing or multiuser diversity- Cross-layer adaptivity

• Approaches to low cost, simple implementation:- Differing array implementation constraints at base stations and user terminals.- Distributed (virtual) antenna arrays- cooperation among separate user terminals- MEMS, RF combining, efficient space-time-frequency DSP architectures.

• WG4 white paper:- “Smart Antennas and Related Technology” (2003-2004)

OmnidirectionalCell Site

Three SectorCell Site

Intelligent AntennaCell Site

WWRF · page 21

Channel Modelling and Propagation

• MIMO channel modelling and measurement

• Broadband indoor/outdoor

• UWB and short range channel modelling

• Propagation modelling and prediction

• WG4/WG5 white paper:

- “Wideband channel measurement and modelling“ (2004-

2005)

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WWRF · page 22

Radio System Architecture

• Duplexing: TDD, FDD, hybrid, band-switched duplexing

• Dynamic resource allocation: Scheduling and signalling subcarrier power, time/frequency chunk allocation, and code rate for OFDMA

• Cross-layer optimization – balance against MAC/PHY separation to support a wide range of air interface alternatives.

• Intersystem handoff, flexible resource allocation across different access technologies

• Location- for performance enhancement as well as facilitating new location-based services. Difference from earlier wireless systems: context awareness, positioning technologies

• Shared channels

- Spectrum sharing - Multi-band signalling

- Flexible use of spectrum, non-continuous spectrum use

• WG4 white paper:

- “Duplexing, resource allocation and inter-cell coordination“ (2004-2005)

WWRF · page 23

WG4 White Papers StatusWG4 White Papers StatusWG4 White Papers StatusWG4 White Papers Status

Broadband MC

Mixed OFDM+ SC

2003 20052004New Air Interface – Requirements & Technology

Channel Measurement and Modelling

Broadband Frequency Domain Based Air Interface

Smart Antennas

Relay-based Deployment Concepts

Duplexing, Resource Allocation, andInter-cell Coordination

Periodic updates

Periodic updates

Periodic updates

Periodic updates

Becoming a joint WG4/WG5 white paper

20062006

Meshing for relay-based deployment concepts

Multi-hop protocols for relay-based deployment concepts

WWRF · page 24

Conclusions on WWRF

• Global platform to initiate global cooperation towards future wireless world

• Vision from user perspective requirements for the enabling technologies

• Unique way of active cooperation within and between industry and academia

• Reduce risk for investment in research

• Ease future standardization by globally harmonizing views

• Proven history of creating large scale research cooperation and facilitating funding

• Open to all actors

www.wireless-world-research.org