milestone education review

M i l e s t o n e E d u c a t i o n R e v i e w : Year 03, No.01 (April, 2012)

1 | http://milestonereview.webs.com



Milestone Education Review

Milestone Education Review (The Journal of Ideas on Educational & Social Transformation) is an online peer-reviewed bi-annual journal of Milestone Education Society (Regd.) Pehowa (Kurukshetra). For us education refers to any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character, or physical ability of an individual. The role of education must be as an instrument of social change and social transformation. Social transformation refers to large scale of social change as in cultural reforms and transformations. The first occurs with the individual, the second with the social system. This journal offers an opportunity to all academicians including educationist, social-scientists, philosophers and social activities to share their views. Each issue contains about 100 Pages.

© Milestone Education Society (Regd.), Pehowa (Kurukshetra)

Editor Dr. Desh Raj Sirswal

Associate Editors Dr. Merina Islam Ms. Rajinder Kaur Editorial Advisory Board

Prof. B.Krishna (Karnataka)

Prof. K.K.Sharma (Haryana)

Dr. Ashutosh Angiras (Haryana)

Dr.Dinesh Chahal (Haryana)

Dr. Manoj Kumar (Chandigarh)

Dr. Pitamber Dass (Uttar Pradesh)

Dr. Koppula Victor Babu (Andhra Pradesh)

Acharya Shilak Ram (Haryana)

Ms. Tahira Tariq (Pakistan)

Dr. Nidhi Verma(Haryana)

Mr. Zakir Hussain (Jammu & Kashmir)

Mr. Jayadev Sahoo (Pondicherry)

Declaration: The opinions expressed in the articles of this journal are those of the individual

authors, and not necessary of those of the Society or the Editor.



MkW- vEcsM+dj dk lkekftd&fpUru

MkW- ns'kjkt fljloky

vuqØe

1- Hkwfedk (4-5)

2- vEcsM+dj % O;fDrRo ,oa fopkj (6-10)

3- vEcsM+dj ds f'k{kk&lEcU/kh fopkj (11-14)

4- xka/kh vkSj vEcsM+dj (15-21)

5- tkfrokn ,oa ekuokf/kdkj (22-29)

6- Annual Report of the Society (30)



1- Hkwfedk

Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds fuekZrk MkW- Hkhejko vEcsMdj flQZ nfyrksa

ds gh usrk ugha gSA og ,d ,sls jk"Vª iq#"k gSa A ftUgksaus lewps ns'k

ds lEcU/k esa] Hkkjr ds bfrgkl ds lEcU/k esa] ,oa lekt ifjorZu ij

egÙoiw.kZ oSpkfjd ;ksxnku fn;k gSA MkW- vEcsM+dj ,d fo}ku] ys[kd]

jktuhfrK] lekt&lq/kkjd] dkuwu fo'ks"kK] f'k{kk&'kkL=h vkSj

uolekykspd ds :i esa ubZ ih<+h ds lkeus mn; gq, gSa A

eq>s dqN fo'ks"k voljksa ij MkW- vEcsM+dj ds fpUru dks i<+us

vkSj mUgas le>us dk volj izkIr gqvk A izLrqr vad dqN ys[kksa dk

laxzg ek= gSA ftlesa muds fparu dk va'k Hkj js[kkafdr fd;k x;k

gSaA izFke ys[k muds O;fDrRo ,oa fopkjksa ls gekjk ifjp; djkuk gSa

A f}rh; ys[k muds f'k{kk lEcU/kh fopkjksa dk ladyu gSA r`rh; ys[k

MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj egkRek xka/kh ds chp oSpkfjd }an dh rjQ bafxr

djrk gS] tksfd oLrqr% ,d iatkch ys[k dk Hkkokuqokn gS A prqFkZ

ys[k esa tkfrokn ,oa ekuokf/kdkj ds ckjs ,d fujis{k fparu fn;k x;k

gS ftlesa orZeku le; dh tkrh; leL;kvksa] ekuokf/kdkj ds ijLij

lEcU/k dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA

^^ekbyLVksu ,tqds'ku lkslkbVh** ewyr% f'k{kk lEcU/kh dk;ksZ ls

tqM+h laLFkk gS] tks fd lekt lq/kkjdksa ds f'k{kk lEcU/kh fopkjksa

izpkj&izlkj vkSj mu fopkjksa dk 'kS{kf.kd lq/kkjksa esa iz;ksx ds izfr

iz;kljr gSA ge lHkh mu ikS/kksa dks lhap ik, gSa tks bu fopkjdksa us

yxk, Fks A muds liuksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, gesa dBksj ladYi]

bZekunkjh vkSj izHkkoiw.kZ <ax ls dke djuk gksxk] rHkh ge lgh ek;us

esa bu fopkjdksa dks lPph J)katfy ns ldrs gSA



tks f'k{kk va/kfo'okl] HkkX;okn] ladh.kZokn] izfrfØ;kokn tSlh

dqjhfr;ksa dks /oLr djrh gS] og xzg.k djus ;ksX; gSA izfr;ksxh]

O;olkf;d] rduhfd vkSj mi;ksxh f'k{kk vkt gekjs lekt dh

egÙoiw.kZ vko';drk gS A ,d ,slh gh lkekftd ,oa f'k{kk&i)fr dh

LFkkiuk djus dks ;g laLFkk izfrc) gSA fiNys dbZ o"kks± ls ;g laLFkk

vius mís';ksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, dk;Zjr gSA lhfer lk/kuksa ds lkFk ;g

yxkrkj lkekftd vkSj 'kSf{kd fodkl ds dk;ZØeksa esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh

fuHkk jgh gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa f'k{kk&lEcU/kh n`f"Vdks.k ls fo/kkfFkZ;ksa ds

fodkl ds fy, ,d l'kDr ek/;e cusxh A

MkW- ns'kjkt fljloky



2- vEcsM+dj % O;fDrRo ,oa fopkj

Hkkjro"kZ vktknh dh 66oha o"kZxkaB euk jgk gS vkSj ns'k esa

viuk lafo/kku ykxw gq, 62 o"kZ gks jgs gSa A bfrgkl ogh cukrs gSa

tks bfrgkl tkurs gSa A blfy, gj ukxfjd dks vius bfrgkl dh

tkudkjh j[kuk vko';d gSA ftlls og vius Hkfo"; ds fodkl esa

ekxZn'kZu ik lds A HkkjrjRu ckck lkgc MkW- Hkhejko vEcsndj dk

tUe 14 vizSy 1891 dks e/;izns'k ds egq uked LFkku ij gqvk A

mudh ekrk dk uke HkhekokbZ vkSj firk dk uke jketh oYn ekyksth

ldiky FkkA mudk tUe egkjk"Vª esa viuh bZekunkjh] 'kwjohjrk] rFkk

cgknqjh ds fy, izfl) egkj tkfr esa gqvkA muds cpiu esa ^Hkhe* ;k

^Hkhok* ds uke ls iqdkjk tkrk FkkA1

MkW- vEcsndj vius firk ds vykok xkSre cq)] T;ksfrck Qqys

vkSj dchj ls izHkkfor Fks] ftUgsa vEcsM+dj ds rhu xq: Hkh dgk tkrk

gSA MkW- vEcsM+dj us ik'pkR; LorU=rk vkSj ekuorkoknh lEcU/kh

fopkjksa dk Kku izks- tkWu Msoh] tkWu LVwvVZ fey] ,Me.M czqds vkSj

izks- gkjksYM ykWLdh bR;kfn fopkjdksa ls fy;kA ftldk izek.k mudh

fyf[krksa vkSj Hkk"k.kksa esa iz;ksx m)j.kksa ls yxk;k tk ldrk gSA vr%

dgk tk ldrk gS fd MkW- vEcsndj dks if'pe us muds ^^gfFk;kj**

vkSj iwoZ us ^^vkRe&cy** fn;k] ftlds vk/kkj ij lkekftd lekurk

vkSj lkekftd U;k; ds fy, mUgksaus la?k"kZ fd;k A2

MkW- vEcsMdj vk/kqfud Hkkjr ds egku fpard nk'kZfud]

vFkZ'kkL=h fof/kosrk] 'kksf"krksa ds eqfDr&uk;d] la?k"kZ'khy lkekftd

dk;ZdrkZ vkSj lafo/kku fuekZrk Fks A os LorU=rk&lekurk&cU/kqRo ds

ØkfUrdkjh vkn'kks± dks Hkkjrh; lekt esa LFkkfir djuk pkgrs FksA tks



Hkh izFkk] ijEijk] fopkj/kkjk] dkuwu ;k /kkfeZd ekU;rk bu ewY;ksa

vkn'kksZ dks izkIr djus esa ck/kk jgh gSa] os muds izcy vkykspd jgs A

mUgksaus tkfrizFkk&NwvkNwr vkSj iwathoknh&lkeUrh fopkj/kkjk dh reke

'kks"k.kijd iz.kkfy;ksa dh blh vk/kkj ij vkykspuk djds cgqvk;keh o

oLrqijd fo'ys"k.k fd;k A

mudk fo'okl Fkk fd vxj os vius la?k"kZ esa dke;kc gks tkrs

gSa rks ;g fdlh fo'ks"k leqnk; ds fgr esa ugha gksxk A cfYd lHkh

Hkkjrh;ksa ds fy, ,d ojnku cusxk A os pkgrs Fks fd cgqtu

ijEijkxr lkekftd fLFkfr ij viuh etcwr fLFkfr cuk;sA muds vkn'kZ

LorU=rk] lekurk vkSj HkkbZpkjk Fks A

^^vkt mnkjhdj.k] HkweaMyhdj.k o futhdj.k dh uhfr;ksa ls

lekt esa vlekurk dh [kkbZ xgjh gqbZ gS tcfd muds lkekftd]

jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd o /kkfeZd fpUru dk dsfUnz; rRo lekurk gS

ftldh cqfu;kn ij gh dksbZ okLrfod yksdra= cu ldrk gSA

yksdrkfU=d i)fr;ksa dh txg rkuk'kkgh o jkt'kkgh dh izo`fr;ka c<

jgh gSaA jk"Vª dh lEifr dks cM+s iwath 'kkgksa dks HksaV fd;k tk jgk

gSA jkT; viuh dY;k.kdkjh Hkwfedk ls iYyk >kM+ jgk gSA Jfedksa]

efgykvksa] oafprksa] fiNM+ksa] vYila[;dksa] nfyrksa ij mRihM+u c<+ jgk gS

vkSj muds vf/kdkj Nhus tk jgs gSaA vf/kdka'k jktuhfrd usrk o

ikfVZ;ka equkQk[kksj iawthifr;ksa o 'kks"kdksa ds ,tsUV dh rjg dke dj

jgh gSaA ,sls esa lekt ifjorZu ds bPNqdksa ds fy, MkW- Hkhejko

vEcsM+dj ds izsj.kknk;h la?k"kZ'khy thou o ØkfUrdkjh fopkjksa ls nksLrh

fugk;r izklafxd gSA**3



MkW- vEcsMdj ds fopkj

1- ^^;g dgus ls ckr ugha curh fd gj iqjkuh ckr lksus ds cjkcj

gksrh gSA ydhj ds Qdhj cuds dke ugha pyrk fd tks

cki&nknk djrs vk;s gSa] og lc vkSykn dks Hkh djuk pkfg, A

lkspus dk ;g rjhdk Bhd ugha gSA ifjfLFkfr ds cnyus ds

lkFk&lkFk fopkj Hkh cnyus pkfg, ;g t:jh gSA** ¼i`- 30½4

2- ^^ejkM+ lR;kxzg ds le; muds vuq;kf;;ksa us ekjihV djusdh

Bkuh rks MkW- vEcsM+dj us dgk] ^^vius ls ckgj u gksvksA vius

gkFk u mBkvks A vius xqLls dks ihdj eu 'kkar j[kks] gd ds

fy, >xM+k ugha djuk gSA gesa muds okjksa dks lguk iM+sxk vkSj

mu lukrfu;ksa dks vfgalk dh 'kfDr ds n'kZu djokus gksaxs A**

¼i`- 40½ MkW- vEcsM+dj vius eqfDr vkUnksyu ds ckjs Li"Vhdj.k

nsrs gq, dgrs gS fd esjk ;s vkUnksyu czkã.kksa ds f[kykQ ugha]

czkã.kokn ds f[kykQ gS A lkjs czkã.k nfyrksa dk fojks/k djrs

gSa] ,slh ckr ugha gS vkSj xSj&czkã.kksa esa Hkh rks Åap&uhp dk

Hksn j[kus okys yksx gSa] ;s u Hkwyksa A**

3- igyh xksyest lHkk esa 31&12&1930 dks ckck lkgsc us dgk]

^^cjrkuoh gqdwer dk;e djus esa ftu vNwrksa dks iz;ksx fd;k

x;k gS] mudh gkyr lq/kkjus ds fy, vaxzstksa us fcYdqy /;ku

ugha fn;kA fgUnw lekt }kjk vNwrksa ij vR;kpkj gks jgs gSaA fQj

Hkh vktknh ds ckn gh mudk dY;k.k lEHko gks ldsxkA** ¼i`-

69½ tc mUgsa ,d ckj lEeku fn;k x;k rks viuh lQyrk dk

lsgjk turk dks nsrs gq, mUgksaus dgk] ^^fgUnw lekt dh vkus

okyh ih<h ;g QSlyk nsxh fd eSaus vius ns'k ds fy, lgh vkSj

usd dke fd;k gS] rqe yksx eq>s nsork u cukvks A**¼i`- 82½

4- lafo/kku ds ckjs esa os dgrs gS] ^^'kjhj ds igjkos ds fy, cuk;s

x;s lwV dh rjg] lafo/kku Hkh ns'k ds ;ksX; gksuk pkfg,A ftl

rjg detksj 'kjhj okys O;fDr ds diM+s esjs fy, Bhd ugha gS]

mlh rjg ns'k ds fy, og dksbZ ykHk ugha igqap ldrk A



yksdra= dk vFkZ gS cgqtu dk jkt A blfy, bl ns'k esa ;k

rks fgUnqvksa dk jkt jgsxk ;k fQj bl cgqer dk ftlesa vNwr]

vkfnoklh vkSj de tual[;k okys gSa] muds izfr D;k uhfr

viukbZ tk;sxh] ;g egRoiw.kZ gSA**¼i`- 35½

5- os dgrs gSa] ^^gesa fdlh dk vk'khZokn ugha pkfg,A ge viuh

fgEer] cqf) rFkk dk;Z ;ksX;rk ds cy ij vius ns'k rFkk vius

fy;s iwjh yXu ds lkFk dke djsaxs A tks Hkh tkx`r gS] la?k"kZ

djrk gS] mls var esa LFkk;h U;k; fey ldrk gSA**

6- MkW- vEcsMdj us vius xzaFk ^oq oj fn lqnjkt* fd Hkwfedk esa

fy[kk gS] ^^,sfrgkfld lp dh [kkst djus ds fy, eSa ifo= /keZ

xzUFkksa dk vuqokn djuk pkgrk gwaA blls fgUnqvksa ds irk py

ldsxk fd muds lekt] ns'k ds iru vkSj fouk'k dk dkj.k

cuk gS & bu /keks± ds fl)kUrA nwljh ckr ;g gS fd HkoHkwfr

ds dFkukuqulkj dky vuar gS vkSj /kjrh vikj gS] dHkh u

dHkh dksbZ ,slk bUlku iSnk gksxk] tks eSa dqN dg jgk g¡w] ml

ij fopkj djsxk A bl xzaFk dks mUgksaus vk/kqfud Hkkjr ds lcls

mÙke iq#"k T;ksfrck Qqys dks lefiZr fd;k gSA ¼i`- 181&182½

7- ckS) /keZ ds ckjs esa os 15 ebZ] 1956 dks vius Hkk"k.k esa dgrs

gSa] ^^eq>s ckS) /keZ] mlds rhu fl)kUr Kku] n;k vkSj cjkcjh

ds dkj.k T;knk I;kjk gSA ijekRek ;k vkRek lekt dks] mlds

iru ls ugha cpk ldrh gSA cq) dh f'k{kk gh fcuk [kwu Økafr

}kjk lkE;okn yk ldrh gSA**

8- /keZ ds ckjs esa os dgrs gSa &

lekt dks ca/ku dh t:jr gS] mls uhfr pkfg, A

;fn /keZ mi;ksxh gS] rks og foosd ij vk/kkfjr vkSj mi;ksxh

gksuk pkfg, A

/keZ ds uhfr&fu;e ,sls gksus pkfg,] tks cjkcjh] LorU=rk vkSj

HkkbZ&pkjs ds lkFk tqM+s gksa A



9- ^^Åph bPNk vkSj vk'kkoknh lksp ds lkFk gh Å¡ph fLFkfr dks

izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftlus vius fny esa mEehn] meax vkSj

bPNk dh ykS txk yh gS] ogh O;fDr lnk ftankfny jgrk gSA

pfj=oku~ gksuk] mldh of) djuk] ftUnxh dk igyk QtZ gS

mldk iwjh rjg fodkl djks A mls fueZy cukvks] iqjkuh :f<;ksa

vkSj fjoktksa dks nQuk nksA ubZ dye ls u;k lcd fy[kks]

ges'kk vk'kkoku jgks A esgur vkSj dqckZuh ls drZO; iwjk gksrk

gSA bUlku dh vPNh izFkkvksa ls jk"Vª vkSj lekt cyoku rFkk

HkkX;'kkyh gksrs gSA** ¼i`- 105½

10- ^^ftu yksxksa dh tu&vkUnksyuksa esa :fp gS] mUgsa dsoy /kkfeZd

n`f"Vdks.k viukuk NksM+ nsuk pkfg, A mUgsa Hkkjr ds yksxksa ds

izfr lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd n`f"Vdks.k gh viukuk gksxkA**

lUnHkZ%

1- S.K.Kushwaha (ed.) Essays in Honour of Bharat Ratna

Baba Saheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, p. 64

2- Vijay Chintaman, “Dr. Ambedkar as a Humanist

Sonawane” in Essays in Honour of Bharat Ratna Baba

Saheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, p. 2.

3. ^^vEcsM+dj ls nksLrh** Hkkjr dh tuoknh ukStoku lHkk ¼DYFI½]

dq#{ks=&;equkuxj] 2008

4- izLrqr fopkj iatkch esa vejthr flag dkax }kjk vuqokfnr MkW-

ckck lkfgc vEcsMdj] us'kuy cqd VªLV] bafM+;k] 2000 ls

ladfyr fd;s x;s gSa A



3- vEcsM+dj ds f'k{kk&lEcU/kh fopkj

vk/kqfud ;qx esa vEcsM+dj dk fpUru vekuoh;] vuSfrd ,oa

vU;k;iw.kZ lkekftd O;oLFkk ds izfr fonzksg ,oa fojks/k dk lcls

l'kDr Loj ekuk tkrk gSA ckY;dky ls gh dBksj vuqHkoksa ls xqtjrs

gq, vEcsM+dj dks vusd lkekftd cqjkbZ;ksa ,oa foM+Ecukvksa ds lkFk

viuh thou fu;fr ls lk{kkRdkj gqvk FkkA xgu v/;;u ,oa mPp

f'k{kk ds vk/kkj ij mUgksaus lkekftd v'kqHk&ds izfr viuh

vkykspukRed n`f"V dks ,d foosd&lEer ,oa rkfdZd vk/kkj iznku

fd;k A1

MkW- vEcsMdj dk thou ,d fo/kkFkhZ ds fy, vkn'kZ fo/kkFkhZ

thou dk mnkgj.k gSA os fnu esa 18 ?kaVs v/;;u djrs FksA fo/kkFkhZ

dky esa fd;k x;k muds }kjk ifjJe] tksfd fdlh mís'; ls iw.kZ Fkk]

D;k vkt ge ,sls mís';iw.kZ thou ds ckjs dHkh fpUru djrs gSa\

D;k gekjh f'k{kk dk dksbZ mís'; gS\] ugha A

,d f'k{kd ds :i esa mudh ekU;rk Fkh fd ,d nfyr oxZ ds

Nk= dks lkekU; Js.kh ds fo/kkFkhZ ls T;knk ifjJe djuk pkfg, vkSj

,d vkn'kZ ds :i esa vius dks izdV djuk pkfg,A ,d ckj ,d

nfyr fo/kkFkhZ muls flQkfj'k djus vk;k] rks MkW- vEcsM+dj us mlls

Li"V dgk fd ekuk fd eSa pkgwa rks ;g laHko gS ij eq>s ;g 'kksHkk

ugha nsrk A nwljh ckr] bl rjg fdlh ds fy, flQkfj'k djuk eq>s

?k.kkLin yxrk gS A esjh rks cfYd ;gh /kkj.kk gS fd nfyr fo/kkFkhZ

dh rjQ ls ,slk O;ogkj gh ugha gksuk pkfg, fd ftl dkj.k mldh

viuh ckSf)drk vkSj ;ksX;rk esa fdlh izdkj dh gkfu izdV gksos A eSa

rks ;g pkgrk gw¡ fd og nwljs fo/kkfFkZ;ksa dh rqyuk esa ,d vkn'kZ



fo/kkFkhZ ds :i esa viuk vfLrRo LFkkfir

djs A

ukStokuksa dks lacksf/kr djrs gq, os dgrs gSa fd mUgsa viuh

ftUnxh esa Åaps mís';ksa dh izkfIr ds fy, vkBksa igj iz;Ru djrs jguk

pkfg, A ;fn ,slk ugha gS rks og i'kq ls Hkh T;knk Hk;kud gSA ,d

ckj mUgsa tkfdj gqlSu dkWfyt esa ^^Democracy** fo"k; ij cksyus ds

fy, cqyk;k x;k A xfB;k ls ihfM+r gksrs gq, Hkh mUgksaus nks fo/kkfFkZ;ksa]

tks fd fueU=.k nsus ds fy, vk;s Fks] dgk Fkk ^^I am a sick man

but I love to talk to students.** ftl fnu Hkk"k.k nsuk Fkk] os cM+h

eqf'dy ls eap rd vk;s] rc rd og fcekj fn[kkbZ ns jgs Fks]

ysfdu tc mUgksaus cksyuk 'kq: fd;k rks yxk fd mudks dksbZ d"V gh

ugha gS blds 10 eghuksa ds ckn gh mudk nsgkolku gks x;k FkkA2

mijksDr fooj.k ls Øe'k% gesa muds ifjJe] bZekunkjh vkSj dk;Z

ds izfr fu"Bk ds mnkgj.k feyrs gSa] os dgrs Fks fd ^^esjh bPNk Fkk

fd eSa ftUnxh Hkj fo/kkFkhZ cuk jg¡w A** mudk dguk Fkk fd ^^gesa

;g fopkj NksM+ nsuk pkfg, fd eka&cki cPpksa dks tUe ns ldrs gSa]

ij fdLer ugha A os mUgsa f'k{kk fnykdj mudh fdLer dks cuk

ldrs gSaA**3 MkW- vEcsM+dj ds vuqlkj] ^^Kku vkneh ds thou dk

vk/kkj gSA**4 vr% gesa f'k{kk dh rjQ fo'ks"k ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k

j[kuk pkfg,A lu~ 1849 esa egkRek T;ksfrck Qqys us efgyk vkSj 'kqnzksa

dh f'k{kk ds fy, fo|ky; cuk;s vkSj ,d vkUnksyu [kM+k fd;k A5

vkSj mUgksaus f'k{kk dh igyh fdj.k ls mudks voxr djok;k tcfd

MkW- vEcsM+dj fo/kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ,d vkn'kZ ds :i esa mHkjs A



MkW- vEcsM+dj ds vuqlkj ,d ns'k ds fy, bu pkj ewY;ksa

LorU=rk] ,drk] ca/kqrk vkSj U;k; cgqr vko';d gSaA6 muds vuqlkj]

ftl lekt esa dqN oxks± ds yksx tks dqN pkgs og lc dj lds

vkSj ckfd og lc Hkh u dj ldsa A tks mUgsa djuk pkfg,] ml

lekt ds vius xq.k gksaxs] ysfdu mlesa LorU=rk 'kkfey ugha gksxh A

vxj balkuksa ds vuq:i thus dh lqfo/kk dqN yksxksa rd gh lhfer gS]

rc ftl lqfo/kk dks vkerkSj ij LorU=rk dgk tkrk gS] mls

fo'ks"kkf/kdkj dguk mfpr gksxk A**7

MkW- vEcsM+dj dk n'kZu lekt dks leLr v'kqHk ,oa vfHk'kki

ls eqDr dj Lok/khurk] lekurk vkSj Hkzkr`Ro ij vk/kkfjr lekt jpuk

ds fy, izsfjr djrk gS A fopkj vkSj O;ogkj nksuksa gh Lrjksa ij

vEcsM+dj vlekurk] vLi`';rk] vf'k{kk] va/kfo'okl] vU;k;] vuSfrdrk

tSls lkekftd v'kqHkksa ,oa vfHk'kkiksa ls yksgk ysrs gSa ,oa ,d ekuoh;]

uSfrd ,oa U;k;fiz; lekt ds fuekZ.k dk vkg~oku djrs gSaA vEcsM+dj

,d ,sls lekt ds LoIu n`"Vk Fks] ftlesa euq"; vius foosd ls

va/kfo'oklksa dk [k.Mu djrk gS] lekt vkSj izd`fr ds izfr oSKkfud

,oa foosdlEer nf"Vdks.k viukrk gS vkSj /keZ'kkL=ksa esa D;k fy[kk gS]

bldh fpUrk u djds ekuoh; uSfrdrk ,oa U;k; ds vkn'kks± ds vuq:i

O;ogkj djrk gSA8

tks f'k{kk va/kfo'okl] HkkX;okn] ladh.kZokn] izfrfØ;kokn tSlh

dqjhfr;ksa dks /oLr djrh gS] og xzg.k djus ;ksX; gSA izfr;ksxh]

O;olkf;d] rduhfd vkSj mi;ksxh f'k{kk vkt gekjs lekt dh

egÙoiw.kZ vko';drk gS A ,d ,slh gh lkekftd ,oa f'k{kk&i)fr dh

LFkkiuk djus dks ;g laLFkk izfrc) gSA fiNys dbZ o"kks± ls ;g laLFkk

vius mís';ksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, dk;Zjr gSA lhfer lk/kuksa ds lkFk ;g



yxkrkj lkekftd vkSj 'kSf{kd fodkl ds dk;ZØeksa esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh

fuHkk jgh gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa f'k{kk&lEcU/kh n`f"Vdks.k ls fo/kkfFkZ;ksa ds

fodkl ds fy, ,d l'kDr ek/;e cusxh A

lUnHkZ%

1- MkW- vkse izdk'k Vkd] vk/kqfud Hkkjrh; fpard] i- 125

2- R.S.Harit, Lecture on the Nirvana Day,” p. 36

3- S.K. Kushwaha, Essay in Honour of Bharat Ratan Dr.

B.R.Ambedkar, p. 123

4- ogh]] i`- 123

5- vkj-,l-gfjr vkSj MkW- ,l-,u-xkSre] ^^vuqlwfpr tkfr ds vkj{k.k

dk laf{kIr bfrgkl]** i- 110

6- izks- vaxus yky] ^^ckck lkfgc vEcsMdj vkt ds ;qx ds

lekykspd**] i`- 54

7- ckck lkgsc vEcsM+dj] lEiw.kZ okM~-e;] [kaM&14] i`- 68 ¼vNwr %

os dkSu Fks vkSj vNwr dSls gks x;s\

8- MkW- vkse izdk'k Vkd] vk/kqfud Hkkjrh; fpard] i- 128

fVIi.kh& izLrqr fopkj MkW- vEcsMdj dh 117oha t;arh ij okYehfd

Nk=kokl] okYehfd vkJe] dq#{ks= esa fnukad 14&04&2008

dks izLrqr fd;s x;s A



4- xka/kh vkSj vEcsM+dj

vaxzst ljdkj us Hkkjrh;ksa dks 'kkar djus ds fy, Hkkjrh; jkt

vf/kfu;e 1919 ds la'kks/ku] Hkkjrh;ksa dks T;knk vf/kdkj nsus]

vYila[;dksa dks lekurk vkSj fodkl] f'k{kk&lq/kkj vkSj mÙkjnk;h

ljdkj dh LFkkiuk ds fy, ,d Ng lnL;h; deh'ku fu;qDr fd;k A

lj tksu lkbaeu dks bldk eqf[k;k cuk;k x;k] bl otg ls mldks

^lkbeu deh'ku* dgk tkrk gSA

lkbeu deh'ku dh fjiksZV ij cgl djus ds fy,] yanu esa

1930] 1931] 1932 esa rhu xksy&est lEesyu gq, A fgUnqvksa dh rjQ

ls xka/kh] eqlyekuksa dh rjQ ls eksgEen ftUuk vkSj nfyrksa dh rjQ

ls MkW- vEcsM+dj 'kkfey gq, A 15 flrEcj] 1931 dks xka/kh us

^^Fedral Structural Committee** esa nkok fd;k fd dkaxzsl lHkh

Hkkjrh;ksa ds fgrksa o oxksZ dk izfrfuf/kRo djrh gS] blfy, og iwjs

Hkkjr jk"Vª dh izfrfuf/k gSA

MkW- vEcsM+dj us bl lEesyu esa nfyrksa dh nnZukd gkyr laca/kh

vius Hkk"k.k eas dgk %

^^eSa ftu vNwrksa ds izfrfuf/k ds :i esa ;gka [kM+k gwa] mudh

fxurh Hkkjr dh tula[;k dk ikapok fgLlk gS vFkkZr~ ;g fcVªsu ;k

Ýkal dh tula[;k ds cjkcj gSa] ij budh gkyr xqykeksa ls Hkh cqjh

gSA xqykeksa ds ekfyd mudks Nwrs gSa] ij gesa Nwuk Hkh iki le>k

tkrk gSA fcVªsu ljdkj ls igys] Nqvk&Nwr dh otg ls gekjh gkyr

cqjh FkhA D;k fczVsu ljdkj us vius 150 lkyksa ds jkt esa gekjh

gkyr lq/kkjus ds fy, dqN iz;Ru fd;k\ igys ge dqvksa ls ikuh Hkh

ugha Hkj ldrs Fks] eafnjksa esa nkf[ky ugha gks ldrs Fks] iqfyl vkSj



QkSt esa HkrhZ ugha fd;k tkrk FkkA D;k vc gekjs fy, ;g njokts

[kqys gSa\ vaxzstksa ds 150 lky ds ckn Hkh gekjh xqykeh T;ksa&dh&R;ksa

gh cuh gqbZ gSA**

^^og nq%[k ftuls nfyr ihfM+r gSa] cs'kd mudk] mruk izpkj ugha

gqvk] ftruk fd ;gwfn;ksa ds nq%[kksa dk gqvk gS] rc Hkh neu vkSj

vR;kpkjksa ds lk/ku vkSj ekxZ] ftudk fgUnqvksa us vNwrksa ds izfr iz;ksx

fd;k] og ukthvksa ds ;gwfn;ksa ds izfr cjrs x;s lk/kuksa ls de fHkUu

ugha gSA ;gwfn;ksa ds fo:) ukthvksa dk ^Antisemiticism* dk fopkj

vkSj izHkko ^lukruokn* ls fdlh Hkh rjg fHkUu ugha gSA**

is'kok jkt esa vNwrksa dks mu vke jkgksa ij pyus dh eukgh Fkh]

ftu ij Åaph tkfr ds yksx pyrs Fks] rkfd og vNwrksa ¼nfyrksa½ ds

ijNkbZ ls nwf"kr u gks tk,a A nfyrksa dks viuh igpku ds fy,] xys

esa dkyk /kkxk cka/kuk iM+rk Fkk] rkfd lao.kZ fgUnw xyrh ls mudks

Nwdj Hkz"V u gks tk,A is'kokvksa dh jkt/kkuh iwuk esa vNwrksa dks

dejds lkFk >kMw cka/kdj pyuk iM+rk Fkk] rkfd mudh iSjksa ds fu'kku

feV tk;sa] ftlls fd Lo.kZ mlds pyrs le; Hkz"V u gksus ls cp

tk;saA iwuk esa vNwrksa dks xys esa ,d NksVk eVdk cka/kuk iM+rk Fkk]

rkfd ;fn Fkwd vk;s rks og mlesa Fkwdsa D;ksafd /kjrh ij Fkwdus ls]

mlds mij Lo.kZ dk iSj iM+us ls og nwf"kr gks ldrk FkkA

eSa vkidks gSjkuh esa Mkyuk ugha pkgrk ij] dHkh&dHkh eq>s cM+k

eglwl gksrk gS fd ge fdrus HkwyDdM+ yksx gSa fd ge nf{k.k

vÝhdk ds dkys yksxksa dh rks ckr djrs gSa&&&ysfdu [kqn gekjs ns'k

ds gj xkao esa ,d nf{k.k vÝhdk gS] tksfd i`Fkd izek.k gSA mlds

ckjs esa lksprs gh ugha gSA



Jheku~ xka/kh us fofHkUu oxks± dh leL;kvksa ds ckjs dgk] ^^dkaxzsl

fgUnw&eqfLye&fl[k my>uksa ds ckjs esa bl ckr ij lger gks xbZ gS

fd og fo'ks"k vf/kdkjksa ds ckjs fdlh vksj dh ekaxksa] fdlh Hkh :i

esa Lohdkj djus dks rS;kj ugha gSA eSaus fo'ks"k fgrksa dh lwph cM+s

/;ku ls lquh gSA tgka rd vNwrksa dk laca/k gS] eSa MkW- vEcsM+dj dh

ckr le> ugha ldkA gk¡] dkaxzsl MkW- vEcsM+dj ds lkFk vNwrksa ds

fgrksa dh vxqokbZ djus dk mÙkjnkf;Ro ysus dks rS;kj gSA dkaxzsl dks

vNwrksa ds fgr brus gh I;kjs gSa] ftrus Hkkjr dh Hkwfe dh

yackbZ&pkSMkbZ esa fdlh vU; dks gSA blfy, eSa fgUnw] eqfLye vkSj

fl[k ds vykok] fdlh vU; dks fo'ks"k vf/kdkj nsus dk lny fojks/k

d:axkA** xka/kh vkSj dkaxzsl us [kqYye[kqYyk vNwrksa ds fo:) yM+kbZ

dh 'kq:vkr dj nhA

MkW- vEcsMdj us 12 vDrwcj] 1931 dks yanu ds nSfud v[kckj

^Times of India* dks ;g i= fy[kk] ftlesa mUgksaus dgk ^^gesa

fo'okl ;ksX; lw=ksa ls irk yxk gS fd xka/kh us eqlyekuksa dh 14

uqdkrh ekaxksa dks bl 'krZ ij ekuuk Lohdkj fd;k gS] ;fn og nfyr

oxksZ ¼vNwrksa½ dh ekaxks dk fojks/k djsaxsA** MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk fd

uhth ckrphr esa ;g dguk fd ;fn ckfd izfrfuf/k vNwrksa dh ekaxksa

dh fgek;r djsaxs] rks og Hkh ,slk gh djsaxs A ij nwljh rjQ]

eqlyekuksa ds lkFk nfyrksa dh ekaxksa dk fojks/k djus ds cnys] mudh

lkjh ekaxksa dks Lohdkj djus dh lkSnsckth djuk fdlh egkRek dk

ugha] vNwrksa ds tkuh nq'eu dk gh dke gks ldrk gSA xka/kh nfyrksa

ds izfr u dsoy ,d fe= dh Hkwfedk gh vnk ugha dj jgs] cfYd

og rks ,d bZekunkj nq'eu tSlk O;ogkj Hkh ugha viuk jgs A



xka/kh dh rjQ ls vNwrksa dh ekaxksa ds fojks/k dh [kcj lkjs ns'k

esa taxy dh vkx dh rjg QSy xbZA ns'k esa xka/kh tks fd fojks/krk

dk nfyrksa dh rjQ ls rh[kk izfrØe gqvkA Jh ,l-lh-jktk dh

iz/kkuxh esa xqMxkao esa gq;s ^^dqy fgUn nfyr oxZ lEesyu** esa xka/kh

ds C;kuksa dks >wBk vkSj csvFkZ dgk A dkUÝsal us MkW- vEcsM+dj dh

rjQ ls is'k fd;s x;s n`f"Vdks.k dk leFkZu fd;kA fryhosyh jkscjVly

¼rfeyukMq½] yk;yiqj ¼iatkc] tks vc ikfdLrku esa gS½] djuky ¼tks

vc gfj;k.kk esa gS½] fgancje] dkyhdV vkSj csyxkao] /kkjokM+] ukfld

¼egkjk"Vª½ gqxyh ¼caxky½] vgenkckn ¼xqtjkr½] VqVhdksfju] dksycksa vkSj

dbZ vU; txgksa ij Hkkjh lHkk, gqbZ] ftuesa MkW- vEcsM+dj dks iqjtksj

leFkZu fn;k x;k A

xka/kh us dgk] ^^MkW- vEcsM+dj dh rjQ ls is'k fd;s x;s nkos

vkSj nyhysa Bhd ugha gS] blds lkFk rks fgUnwokn drjs&drjs gks

tk;sxk] tks eSa fdlh Hkh dher ij ekuus dks rS;kj ugh gwaA eq>s bl

ckr dk nq%[k ugha gksxk fd vxj vNwr blkbZ ;k eqlyeku gks tk;sa]

ij eSa fgUnwokn ds ckjs esa ;g lgu djus dks rS;kj ugha gwa fd gj

xkao ds nks fgLls gks tk;sa] tks yksx vNwrksa ds fy, jktlh vf/kdkjksa

dh ckr djrs gSa] og Hkkjr dks tkurs gh ugha vkSj uk gh og ;g

tkurs gSa fd bl le; Hkkjrh; lekt dks dSls fodflr fd;k x;k gS

A blfy, eSa iwjs tksj ds lkFk dguk pkgrk gWaw fd ;fn eq>s vdsyk

gh bl ckr dk fojks/k djuk iM+s rks eSa vius thou dh ckth

yxkdj Hkh ,slk gh d:axk A**

17 vxLr] 1932 dks fczfV'k ljdkj us ^Communal Award’

¼fQjdq QSlyk½ lquk fn;k A eqlyekuksa] fl[kksa] bZlkbZ;ksa dh rjg nfyrksa

dks Hkh vYila[;d ekurs gq, vyx izfrfuf/k pquus dk vf/kdkj ns



fn;k x;k A blls Hkkjr ds jktuhfrd bfrgkl esa vNwrksa dks igyh

ckj vyx oksVksa }kjk vius izfrfuf/k pquus dk vf/kdkj izkIr gqvk A

blh dkj.k ;g igyh ckj ns'k ds jktlh uDls ij fn[kkbZ fn;s] blls

igys mudk dksbZ ukeksfu'kku ugha Fkk A

vNwrksa ds fy, vyx pquko dk vf/kdkj dk xka/kh us l[r

fojks/k fd;k vkSj dgk fd ljdkj vius QSlys esa ifjorZu djs vkSj

vNwrksa ds vyx vf/kdkj okfil ys A xka/kh us ;jonk tsy ls ,d

/kedh Hkjk i= iz/kkuea=h eSDMkWukYm dks fy[kk] ^^;fn nfyrksa dks fn;s

x;s ^vyx pquko dk vf/kdkj* okfil u fy;k x;k] rks eSa vius

izk.kksa dh ckth yxk nwaxk A** bruk gh ugha] xka/kh us vNwrksa ds vyx

vf/kdkjksa ds f[kykQ vkej.k&vu'ku 'kq: dj fn;k A

xka/kh dh ihB&fiNs fgUnw lekt leFkZu ds fy, [kM+k gks x;k A

MkW- vEcsM+dj dks /kefd;ka nh xbZ fd tSls xka/kh ds ihNs gtkjksa&yk[kksa

Hkkjrh; tsy tkus dks rS;kj gSa] oSls gh Qkalh ikus dks Hkh rS;kj gkssxsa

vkSj yM+rs gq, ml oDr ej Hkh tk;sxsa] tc muds lkjs ;Ru cs vlj

gks tk;sxsa A xka/kh dh ekSr fojksf/k;ksa ds fy, lq[k dk ugh cfYd

eqflcrksa dk dkj.k cusaxh A

bl ekSds ij MkW- vEcsM+dj us vius ,d C;ku esa dgk] ^^vxj

Jheku xka/kh Hkkjr dh vktknh ds fy, ej.kozr j[krs rks oks lgh Fkk

A ij ;s ,d nq%[knk;h gSjkuh gS fd xka/kh us vdsys vNwrksa dks gh

vius fojks/k ds fy, pquk A fQjdw QSlys ds tfj;s Hkkjrh; blkbZ;ksa]

eqlyekuksa] fl[kksa] ;wjksfi;ksa vkSj vXyksa& bafM;u yksxksa dks Hkh vyx

oksV dk vf/kdkj fn;s x;s gSa A ijUrq xka/kh us muds ckjs esa dksbZ

,srjkt ugha fd;k A vxj budksa vyx oksV dk vf/kdkj nsdj Hkkjrh;



jk"Vª ugha VwVrk] rks fQj vNwrks dks vyx oksV {ks= vf/kdkj nsdj Hkh

fgUnw lekt ugha VwV ldrk A bu lcdk Jheku xka/kh dh rjQ ls

fojks/k u djuk ;s Hkh Li"V djrk gS fd oks vNwrksa dks dksbZ vf/kdkj

ugha nsuk pkgrs A bl fn'kk esa oks ges'kk iz;Ru'khy Hkh jgsa gSa A

xksyest lEesyu esa mUgksaus fdlh Hkh fgUnw] eqfLye] flD[k ds vykok

fdlh Hkh vYila[;d ds vf/kdkj ekuus ls bUdkj dj fn;k Fkk A

tc ckdh vYila[;dksa us vkil esa le>kSrk dj fy;k rks blh egkRek

th us eqlyekuksa dh igys ls BqdjkbZ gqbZ 14 ekaxksa dks bl 'krZ ij

ekuuk Lohdkj fd;k fd oks nfyrksa dk leFkZu u djsa A**

xka/kh vNwrksa ds /keZ ifjorZu djds muds eqlyeku ;k blkbZ cuus

ds fy, rks rS;kj Fks] ij vNwrksa ds vyx vf/kdkjksa ds fy, lger

ugha gq, A

^^xka/kh ds ej.kozr ds dkj.k lkjk ns'k fgy x;k vkSj xka/kh th

dh tku cpkus ds fy, pkjksa rjQ ls esjs Åij ncko Mkyk x;k A

tku cpkus dk ,d gh mik; Fkk fd xka/kh dh bPNk ds vuqlkj

iz/kkuea=h ds QSlys esa lq/kkj fd;k tk, A bl rjg eSa cM+s /keZ&ladV

esa Qal x;k Fkk A ,d rks ns'k ds cgqr fderh thou dks cpkus dk

loky Fkk vkSj nwljh rjQ gtkjksa lkyksa ls ihfM+r] lfr] vNwr turk

ds vf/kdkjksa dh cfy nsuk A bl le; eSa ,slh uktqd fLFkfr esa Fkk]

'kk;n gh dksbZ vksj nwljk O;fDr

gks A vxj eSa xka/kh th ds izk.k ugha cpkrk rks eq>s ns'k dh 'kakfr

Hkax djus okyk vkSj ekuork dk nq'eu dgk tkrk vkSj esjs lkFk

vNwrksa dks Hkh bl bYtke dk Hkkxh cuuk iM+rk A vUr esa] eSaus cM+s

nq[kh eu ls xka/kh th dh 'krksZa ij le>kSrk Lohdkj fd;k] tks

^iwuk&,DV* ds uke ls e'kgwj gSa A**



^iwuk&,DV* esa pkgs nfyrksa dks ^fQjdw QSlys* ls de lgwyrsa

feyh] ij blls Hkkjr ds bfrgkl esa vNwrksa dks oksV dk vf/kdkj]

dsUnzh; vkSj izkUrh; fo/kku&lHkkvksa esa vius izfrfuf/k Hkstus] iqfyl

HkrhZ] 'kSf{kd&lqfo/kk,a vkSj ukSdfj;ksa esa vkjf{kr LFkku izkIr gqvk A

lfn;ksa ls ifNM+s] yrkMs+] vNwrksa] xqyke vius nq[k&nnZ dh dgkuh lqukus

;ksX; gq, A ;g ,d fcuk [kwu&[kjkcs ds ,slk badykc Fkk] tks vdsys

MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;ksX;rk] yxu] R;kx] esgur vkSj la?k"kZ ds dkj.k

gh gqvk Fkk] ftuds dkj.k vNwrksa dh vktknh dh 'kq:vkr gqbZ A

lanHkZ% izLrqr v/;k; MkW- ,l-,y-fojnh] ^^tc xka/kh us ^vNwrksa**

dks T;knk vf/kdkj nsuss ds fo:) vkej.k&ozr fd;k ** v[kckj----------

--------cq/kokj] 6 vDrwcj 2006 laikndh iUuk dk iatkch ys[k ls

fgUnh Hkkouqokn½



5- tkfrokn ,oa ekuokf/kdkj

lkekftd lqj{kk dh Hkkouk ekuo dks mlds vf/kdkj feyus dh

fLFkfr esa vkrh gS A ekuokf/kdkjksa ls vfHkizk;] balku ds thou ¼izk.k½]

LorU=rk] lekurk rFkk xfjek ls lEcfU/kr ,sls vf/kdkjksa ls gS] tks

Hkkjrh; lafo/kku }kjk ;k vUrjkZ"Vªh; izlafo/kkvksa }kjk ekU; gSa vkSj

ftudks Hkkjr ds U;k;ky;ksa esa ykxw fd;k tkrk gS A nwljs 'kCnksa esa

lEekutud thou thus ds fy, t:jh vf/kdkjksa dks ekuo vf/kdkj

dgrs gSa A ysfdu vxj ge Hkkjrh; lekt dh orZeku fLFkfr ns[krs

gSa] rks ikrs gSa fd ekuokf/kdkjksa dk mYya?ku gksuk] ;gka ij vke ckr

gS A

vktkn Hkkjr ds lÙkklhu usrk o fpUrd ;gh ekurs jgs gSa fd

vkfFkZd fodkl o f'k{kk ds izpkj&izlkj ds lkFk&lkFk tkfr izFkk o

Nqvk&Nwr tSlh xyh&lM+h ijEijkvksa dk Lor% gh vUr gks tk;sxk]

ysfdu mudh ;g lksp vc rd lgh lkfcr ugha gqbZ

gS A bu cqjkbZ;ksa ds fo:) Bksl dne u mBkus ls mudks feVkus dk

ladYi dsoy ,d ln~bPNk cudj jg x;k] cfYd vktknh ds ckn

viukbZ xbZ vkfFkZd&lkekftd uhfr;ksa ls gq, vleku fodkl o

iwokZxzgiw.kZ f'k{kk us bls vkSj etcwr fd;k A /khjs&/khjs tkfr&izFkk us

Lo;a dks jktuhfrd bdkbZ ds rkSj ij laxfBr dj fy;k A tkfr&izFkk

ds fo:) lkekftd vfHk;ku u pykus ds dkj.k gh lekt esa O;kIr

tkfrxr nqjkxzg&iwokZxzgxzLr laLdkjksa] fopkjksa] ekU;rkvksa] fjoktksa o

deZdk.M+ksa us lkekftd&lkoZtfud thou dks fdl rjg izHkkfor fd;k

gS A1 bldk Toyar izek.k gesa orZeku esa fyf[kr nfyr lkfgR; esa

feyrk gS A



vuqlwfpr tkfr ;k nfyr] tks Hkh dg fyft, budh leL;kvksa

dh izd`fr lkekftd gS A lkekftd leL;k dk funku jktuhfrd]

iz'kklfud ,oa vkfFkZd mik;ksa ls ugha fudkyk tk ldrk gS A dsUnz esa

dY;k.k ea=ky;] xg ea=ky; vkSj lHkh jkT;ksa esa dY;k.k foHkkxksa dh

LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA budk ewy dke gS nfyr dh leL;kvksa dk gy

fudkyuk A Lok/khurk feyus ls vkt rd bu ek/;eksa ls bruk /ku

O;; fd;k x;k gS fd vkt ;g leL;k ugha jguh pkfg, Fkh ijUrq

leL;k gSA2 buds /ku ls rFkkdfFkr Lo.kksZ vkSj dqN jktuhfrd vkSj

iz'kklfud nfyrksa dks rks Qk;nk igqapk] tcfd okLrfod t:jreaan rks

bu leL;kvksa ls vc Hkh tw> jgs gSa vkSj bu dY;k.kdkjh ;kstukvksa

dh igqap ls cgqr nwj gS A

vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e ¼The

Scheduled Caste/Tribe (Prevention of Attrocities½ Act 1989½ dk

eq[; mís'; mDr tkfr;ksa dks] rFkkdfFkr mPp tkfr;ksa ds vR;kpkjksa ls

eqDr djokuk gS A ihfMr i{k] fu'kqYd dkuwuh lgk;rk dk ik= gS A

nks"kh dks tqekZuk lfgr 6 ekg ls ikap o"kZ rd dh dSn gks ldrh gS

A bu ekeyksa ds fy, izns'k esa fo'ks"k vnkyrksa dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS

A dksbZ yksdlsod tks vuqlwfpr tkfr vFkok tutkfr ls lEcfU/kr u

gks rFkk vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj dÙkZO; ikyu u djs rks 6 ekg ls ,d

o"kZ rd dSnlfgr tqekZuk gks ldrk gS A nks"kh }kjk] ftl py ;k

vpy lEifÙk dk bLrseky] vR;kpkj djus esa fd;k gks og tCr gks

ldrh gS A vnkyr] ml O;fDr dks nks o"kZ ds fy, fufnZ"V {ks= ls

fu"dkf"kr jgus ds fy, vkns'k ns ldrh gS] tgka ml O;fDr }kjk dksbZ

vR;kpkj djus dk vans'kk gks A3 ysfdu okLrfodrk blds fcYdqy

foifjr jgrh ghS D;ksafd bl ,DV dh dk;Zokgh gksus ls igys gh



le>kSrs ;k lkekftd ncko ;k iz'kklfud nkoisap o lwpuk dk] ihfM+r

dks vHkko gksus ds dkj.k ;g lc dkxth dk;Zokgh jg tkrk gS A

lkewfgd cykRdkj ds nks"kh NwV tkrs gSa] lkewfgd vfXudk.M] uj&lagkj

ds nks"kh ljsvke ?kwers gSa vkSj ljdkj o iz'kklu pqIih cka/ks j[krk gS

A

iwjs ns'k dh tula[;k esa izfr'kr ds fglkc ls vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa

dh lcls vf/kd tula[;k iatkc esa ¼26-87%½] fgekpy izns'k esa ¼24-

62%½] if'pe caxky esa ¼21-99%½] mÙkj izns'k esa ¼21-16%½] gfj;k.kk

esa ¼19-07%½] rfeyukMw esa ¼18-35%½] jktLFkku esa ¼17-03%½] f=iqjk

esa ¼15-12%½ gS A tcfd vU; jkT;ksa esa tula[;k dk izfr'kr 15 ls

de gSA4

efgyk mRihM+u ,d vke leL;k gS] cM+s ?kj dh vkSjrksa dk

mRihM+u ?kj dh pkgj fnokjh ds vUnj rd lhfer gksrk gS A nfyr

efgykvksa ds lkFk vUnj ckgj gj txg mRihM+u gksrk gS A ?kj esa

?kj ds yksxksa }kjk vkSj ckgj lekt }kjk D;ksafd os [ksrksa] [kfygkuksa esa

dke djrh gSa A bu dk;ZLFkyksa ij mudk 'kks"k.k gksrk gS A bZV ds

HkV~Bksa ij muds lkFk cykRdkj dh ?kVuk,a izk;% izfrosfnr gksrh gS

ysfdu rFkkdfFkr mPp oxZ dh izHkkoh iapk;rksa o tkrh; usrkvksa dh

feyh&Hkxr ls ihfM+r efgyk ds ifjokj ij ncko cuk;k tkrk gS vkSj

dbZ ckj rks mudh gR;k rd dj nh tkrh gS A nwljk U;k; izfØ;k

dh yEch vof/k ds gksus ds dkj.k ihfM+r yksx ekufld :i ls vkSj

vkfFkZd :i ls izrkfM+r gksrs gSa A nqHkkZX; gS fd 'kklu&O;oLFkk vHkh

rd dsoy vius oknksa ij [kM+h gS A tc rd mudks lkekftd

leL;kvksa ls NqVdkjk ugha feysxk rc rd os nfyr gh jgsaxs A mudh

cgq&csfV;ksa ds lkFk nqjkpkj gksrk jgsxk A



tkfrxr lkEiznkf;drk dks c<+kok nsus okys usrkvksa us] laxBuksa us

o jktuhfrd nyksa us dHkh tkfrokn ds f[kykQ vfHk;ku ugha pyk;kA

gk¡] muds fy, tfVy fLFkfr vo'; jgh gS fd mudks tkfr;ksa esa caVk

gqvk] ,d ds Åij ,d mPp tkfr okyk lekt Hkh pkfg, vkSj

lkEiznkf;drk dh jktuhfr dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, lHkh tkfr;ksa dks

,d leqnk; dh igpku nsus okyk eap Hkh pkfg, A blh ckr dks bl

rjg Hkh dg ldrs gSa fd lkEiznkf;d 'kfDr;ksa dks lkekftd :i ls

tkfr;ksa esa foHkkftr lekt pkfg, vkSj jktuhfrd n`f"V ls lHkh ,d

>.Ms ds rys Hkh A5

okLrfodrk rks ;g Hkh gS fd nfyrksa dks viuk oksV nsus dh Hkh

LorU=rk ugha gS] D;ksafd viuh xqtj clj ds fy, ftu yksxksa ds ?kjksa

esa ;k [ksrksa esa os dke djrs gSa] os yksx mUgsa dke NqMokus vkSj vU;

rjhdksa ls nck;s j[krs gSa A ;fn os yksx vius euekus <ax ls oksV ns

Hkh nsrs gSa rks mudks ekjk&ihVk tkrk gS ?kjksa esa rksM+QksM dh tkrh gS

A jktuhfrK vkSj iz'kklu ;g dgdj iYyk >kM+ ysrk gS fd ;g nks

xqVksa dh fHkMUr ek= gS A nwljk igyw ;g Hkh gS fd mEehnokj rks

vkilh lkB xk¡B ls lEcU/k etcwr dj ysrs gSa] ysfdu blesa filrs

cspkjs nfyr gh gSa A

Hkkjrh; lafo/kku }kjk izR;sd ukxfjd dks fuEufyf[kr ewy

vf/kdkj fn;s x;s gSa] ftUgsa ekuo&vf/kdkjksa esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS&

1- lekurk dk vf/kdkj

2- LorU=rk dk vf/kdkj

3- thou o O;fDrxr LorU=rk dk vf/kdkj



4- nks"k flf) ds fo:) vf/kdkj

5- 'kks"k.k ds fo:) vf/kdkj

blh izdkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh ekuokf/kdkjksa dks ekU;rk nh

xbZ gS A tSls 1948 esa ekuokf/kdkjksa dh lkoZHkkSfed ?kks"k.kk

¼Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948½ vkSj 1993 esa

ekuo vf/kdkjksa dh fo;uk ?kks"k.kk ¼Viena Declaration of Human

Rights½ bu ?kks"k.kkvksa esa ewy vf/kdkjksa ls lEcfU/kr vf/kdkjksa dk

o.kZu gS A mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij efgykvksa ,oa ckfydkvksa dk 'kks"k.k ds

fo:) vf/kdkj] vYila[;dksa dk lkaLd`frd&/kkfeZd ,oa Hkk"kk lEcU/kh

vf/kdkj] 'kj.k ikus dk vf/kdkj] tkrh;rk ds HksnHkko dks [kRe djuk

vkfn A6

vkt dh okLrfod fLFkfr ;g gS fd tks Hkh yksx ekuokf/kdkj

ds fy, la?k"kZ djrs gSa] og Hkh vlqjf{kr jgrs gSa rFkk mu ij >wBh

dk;Zokfg;ak ;k iz'kklfud ncko Mkyk tkrk gS] ftuds ifj.kkeLo:i

U;k;&izfØ;k dk igyk pj.k gh VwV tkrk gSA

ekuokf/kdkfj;ksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, ekuokf/kdkj vk;ksx dk xBu

jk"Vªh; Lrj ij fd;k x;k gS A ysfdu mijksDr of.kZr rF;

ekuokf/kdkj dh tkap dk fo"k; ugha curh gS D;ksafd os vuqlwfpr&

tkfr dh gSa ;k nfyrksa ls lEcfU/kr gSa A vlekurk] HksnHkko]

LokfHkeku dk 'kks"k.k] Lok/khurk dh ywV] cykRdkj] NwvkNwr tSls

vijk/k D;k ekuokf/kdkjksa dk guu ugha gS\

bl oLrqfLFkfr dk o.kZu djus dk gekjk vfHkizk; gS fd bu

leL;kvksa dk lgh fo'ys"k.k djrs gq, vko';d dne mBk;s x;s rkfd



ge lgh :i esa ekuorkoknh] /keZ&fujis{krkoknh bR;kfn 'kCnksa dks vius

ns'k o lekt ds lkFk yxkus esa xoZ eglwl djsa A bl lanHkZ esa

fuEufyf[kr ckrsa fopkj dk fo"k; gks ldrh gS%&

1- tks Hkh vf/kfu;e ;k dkuwu cus gSa( mUgsa izHkkoiw.kZ <ax ls ykxw

fd;k tk,a A

2- U;k; dh izfØ;k esa ikjnf'kZrk ykbZ tk,a A

3- ihfM+rksa dks mfpr eqvkotk o U;k; fn;k tk, A

4- nks"kh O;fDr;ksa dks mfpr naM fn;k tk, vkSj fu"i{k dk;Zokgh gks

A

5- U;k;&izfØ;k esa jktuhfrd gLr{ksi ij jksd yxkbZ tk, A

6- U;k; dsoy dkxth dk;Zokgh u gksdj] O;ogkfjd vkSj izHkkoh gks

A

7- f'k{kk esa Lok;Ùkrk gks vkSj jktuhfrd gLr{ksi dks [kRe fd;k

tk, A

8- ekuokf/kdkjksa dk guu djus okyh [kki&iapk;rksa vkSj tkrh; fgalk

dks c<+kok nsus okys yksxksa dks ns'knzksgh djkj nsdj] mu ij

eqdnek nk;j fd;k tk, A

9- iz'kklfud vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ladh.kZ fopkj/kkjk j[kus okyksa ds

f[kykQ dk;Zokgh gks



10- ljdkj ;k vk;ksx fdlh dk.M ds gksus ij gh fØ;k'khy u gks

cfYd igys ls gh viuh ftEesnkjh vkSj uSfrd dÙkZO;ksa dks ogu

djs A

11- ljdkjh foHkkxksa esa nfyrksa ds dY;k.kkFkZ 'kq: fd;s x, dk;ZØeksa

esa iSlk [kkus okyksa ds f[kykQ mfpr dk;Zokgh gksA

12- nfyrksa o vU; lHkh xjhc oxZ dks jktuhfrd vkSj iz'kklfud

dgj ls eqfDr fnykbZ tk,a A

fu"d"kZr% ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd nfyr ,oa vU; fiNM+s oxksZ dh

leL;kvksa dks lkekftd leL;kvksa dh rjg gh izLrqr fd;k

tk,a u fd mUgsa jktuhfrd ,oa vkfFkZd eq[kkSVk iguk;k

tk,a A U;k;&izfØ;k esa fujis{krk] f'k{kk dh Lok;rrk ,oa

mijksDr fo"k;ksa ij bZekunkjh ls fpUru djus ij gh bu

leL;kvksa dk lgh gy [kkstk tk ldrk gSA

lanHkZ %

1- lqHkk"k pUnz] nfyr vkRedFkk,¡ % vuqHko ls fparu] lkfgR;

miØe] 2006] i`"B &11

2- ft;k yky vk;Z] nfyr dgk¡ tk,¡] izdk'ku laLFkku] ubZ fnYyh]

2005] i`"B & 23

3- MkW- ,l-,l- 'khyoar] vkids dkuwuh vf/kdkj] lkFkh izdk'ku]

2008] i`"B & 154

4- ft;k yky vk;Z] nfyr dgka tk,a] i`"B & 26



5- lqHkk"k pUnz] lkEiznkf;drk] lkfgR; miØe] 2006] i`"B & 63

6- MkW- ,l-,l- 'khyoar] vkids dkuwuh vf/kdkj] i`"B & 136



6. Annual Report of the Society

Programme Oragnised:

An interactive meeting on “Jan Lokpal Bill: Issues and Future Perspectives”, Centre for Positive Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Studies (CPPIS), MSES (Regd.). Pehowa (Kurukshetra) on dated 14-04-2011.

http://niyamakpicture.blogspot.com/2011/04/dr-brambedkar-jayanti-2011.html

National Level Essay Competition for Students on the theme "Problems Contemporaneity Indian Society" held on 5th September 2011 (Teacher's Day. http://niyamakpicture.blogspot.com/2011/09/national-level-essay-competition-prize.html

E-Seminar on “Philosophy of Shaheed Bhagat Singh” held on 23rd March, 2012 http://niyamakphilosophy.blogspot.in/

Publications:

E-book: Philosophy, Education and Indian Value System, Cooperjal Limited, April 2011.

http://niyamakpsychology.blogspot.com/2011/04/new-publicationphilosophy-education-and.html

E-book: Positive philosophy for Contemporary Indian society, Cooperjal Limited, May 2011.

http://niyamakphilosophy.blogspot.com/2011/05/new-publication-positive-philosophy-for.html

Reconsidering Classical Indian Thoughts, Edited by: Dr Desh Raj Sirswal, Centre for Positive Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Studies (CPPIS), Pehowa (Kurukshetra), and ISBN: 978-81-922377-0-1, First Edition, 2011.

http://niyamakphilosophy.blogspot.com/2011/12/understanding-indian-value-system.html

E-book :Understanding Indian-Value System through Sri Aurobindo’s Education System (An online anthology of Sri Aurobindo's Ideas) by Gitanjalee Bora & Desh Raj Sirswal,Centre for Positive Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Studies (CPPIS), Pehowa (Kurukshetra), First Edition, December 06th 2011.

http://niyamakpsychology.blogspot.com/2011/11/new-book-reconsidering-classical-indian.html

http://niyamakpicture.blogspot.com/2011/04/dr-brambedkar-jayanti-2011.html

http://niyamakpicture.blogspot.com/2011/09/national-level-essay-competition-prize.html

http://niyamakpicture.blogspot.com/2011/09/national-level-essay-competition-prize.html

http://niyamakphilosophy.blogspot.in/









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