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Workplace Conflict Resolution: People

Management Tips by Susan M. Heathfield PERS-1301 Human Resource Management

2/17/2011 Nelson LacroixMilind Dave


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Workplace Conflict Resolution: People Management Tips

Workplace conflict is a time-consuming and costly problem that can have a severe impact on

the bottom line. Despite this, many top leaders lack the ability to confront softer issues such

as employee relationships in their organisations. Organization leaders are responsible for

creating a work environment that enables people to thrive. If turf wars, disagreements and

differences of opinion escalate into interpersonal conflict, we must intervene immediately.

Not intervening is not an option if we value our organization and our positive culture. In

conflict-ridden situations, our mediation skill and interventions are critical.

Conflict in the workplace is generally the result of serious disagreement over needs or goals,

and can result in behaviours such as gossip, avoidance, verbal abuse, passive and aggressive

communication, and hostility. This can in turn lead to a drop in productivity, a focus on

problems rather than solutions, can lead to slump in creativity and innovation.

Understanding the Theory: Conflict Styles

Conflict Management Model

Competitive: People who tend towards a competitive style take a firm stand, and know what

they want. They usually operate from a position of power, drawn from things like position,

rank, expertise, or persuasive ability. This style can be useful when there is an emergency and


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a decision is needed to be made faster and when the decision is unpopular or when defending

against someone who is trying to exploit the situation selfishly. However it can leave people

feeling bruised, unsatisfied and resentful when used in less urgent situations.

Collaborative: People tending towards a collaborative style try to meet the needs of all

people involved. These people can be highly assertive but unlike the competitor, they

cooperate effectively and acknowledge that everyone is important. This style is useful when

we need to bring together a variety of viewpoints to get the best solution and when there have

been previous conflicts in the group or when the situation is too important for a simple trade-

off.

Compromising: People who prefer a compromising style try to find a solution that will at

least partially satisfy everyone. Everyone is expected to give up something, and the

compromiser him- or herself also expects to relinquish something. Compromise is useful

when the cost of conflict is higher than the cost of losing ground, when equal strength

opponents are at a standstill and when there is a deadline looming.

Accommodating: This style indicates a willingness to meet the needs of others at the

expense of the person's own needs. The accommodator often knows when to give in to others,

but can be persuaded to surrender a position even when it is not warranted. This person is not

assertive but is highly cooperative. Accommodation is appropriate when the issues matter

more to the other party, when peace is more valuable than winning, or when they want to be

in a position to collect on this "favour" they gave. However people may not return favours,

and overall this approach is unlikely to give the best outcomes.

Avoiding: People tending towards this style seek to evade the conflict entirely. This style is

typified by delegating controversial decisions, accepting default decisions, and not wanting to

hurt anyone's feelings. It can be appropriate when victory is impossible, when the controversy


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is trivial, or when someone else is in a better position to solve the problem but in many

situations this is a weak and ineffective approach to take.

Using the Tool: A Conflict Resolution Process

There are five steps to solve a Conflict in a Workplace which is described as follows:

Step One: Set the Scene

People should understand that the conflict may be a mutual problem, which may be best

resolved through discussion and negotiation rather than through raw aggression. If anyone is

involved in a conflict, emphasis should be given on the presenting the perception of the

problem. Active listening skills should be used to hear and understand other's positions and

perceptions.

y Restate

y Paraphrase

y Summarize

Step Two: Gather Information

In this step the main point is to get the underlying interests, needs, and concerns. Other

person's viewpoint should be taken into consideration and should be confirmed that each

other respect his or her opinion and need his or her cooperation to solve the problem.

They should try to understand his or her motivations and goals, and see how their actions

may be affecting these. They should also understand that the conflict in objective terms

Listening should be empathetic and should be seen from the other person's point of view.

y Identify issues clearly and concisely.

y U se "I" statements.

y Remain flexible.

y Clarify feelings.


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Step Three: Agree the Problem

Problems should be identified first before any decision is made. Sometimes different people

will see different but interlocking problems if we can't reach a common perception of the

problem, then at the very least, we need to understand what the other person sees as the

problem.

Step Four: Brainstorm Possible Solutions

If everyone is going to feel satisfied with the resolution, it will help if everyone has had fair

input in generating solutions. Brainstorm is the possible solutions, and should be open to all

ideas, including ones we never considered before.

Step Five: Negotiate a Solution

By this stage, the conflict is resolved. Both sides understands the position of the other, and a

mutually satisfactory solution is taken. However, real differences between both parties are

uncovered. This is the point where technique like win-win negotiation is useful to find a

solution that, at least to some extent, satisfies everyone.

Conclusion

In order to conclude, I would like to express that the ability to manage conflict is a critical

skill in the workplace, and has been identified as a core competency for managers and leaders

at all levels. It is ironic, therefore, that companies hesitate to invest time and money in

improving employees' conflict management abilities when the cost of conflict in financial and

other terms is be enormous.

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