mineralogy and petrology study rocks and minerals do geological field work a little bit about me …...
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• Mineralogy and Petrology
• Study rocks and minerals
• Do geological field work
A Little Bit About Me …
Professor Bob Dymek
Central Kansas
SE Missouri Virginia
Adirondacks
Labrador
NW Territories
Québec
West Greenland
Where Have I Done Field Work ???
World’s Oldest Rocks
3.8 billion-year-old Metamorphic Rocks at Isua, West Greenland
The rocks on the left are older thanmost of the dark lavas that fill the
Mare Basins on the moon !
EPSc118 “Geology of National Parks”
EPSc201 “Earth & the Environment”
EPSc437 “Igneous & Metamorphic
Petrology”
EPSc542 “Chemical Petrology”
For 12 years, I was the Senior Editor for this research journal
“Secular Magmagenesis”
4.55-3.8 Ga Hadean ???
3.8-2.5 Ga Archaean• Granite-Greenstone Belts• Komatiites• Tonalite-Trondjhemite-Granodiorite (TTG) Suite
<0.6 Ga Phanerozoic• Magmatic arcs • Calc-alkaline (CA) batholiths
Earth History and Igneous Petrology
Archaean TTG suites:Direct Slab Melting
Phanerozoic CA Suites:Melting of Mantle Wedge
Secular Magmagenesis – Earth History and Igneous Petrology
4.55-3.8 Ga Hadean ???
3.8-2.5 Ga Archaean• Granite-Greenstone Belts• Komatiites• Tonalite-Trondjhemite-Granodiorite (TTG) Suite
2.5-0.6 Ga Proterozoic• Massif Anorthosites (~1.0-2.1)• Jotunite-Mangerite (AJM) Suite
<0.6 Ga Phanerozoic• Magmatic arcs • Calc-alkaline batholiths
• Rocks consisting mostly of intermediate plagioclase feldspar (An40-60)
• Plutons ranging from ~10 to >1,000 km2
• Associated cogenetic/comagmatic plutons Jotunite – mafic to intermediate, green, opx-bearing monzodiorite Mangerite – intermediate to felsic, green, opx-bearing granodiorite
• Elongate “belts” across Laurentia and Gondwana
• Continental rifts, continent-continent collision, continental margin arcs
• Approximaely half of global occurrences are found in Québec
Massif Anorthosites
Distribution of Anorthosite Massifs, NE North America
Forêt Montmorency
Jotunites and Mangerites
J-M
Summary
Compared with Phanerozoic Calc-Alkaline plutonic rocks,
the Proterozoic Jotunite-Mangerite suite – found only in
association with massif anorthosites – is enriched in Fe-Ti-P,
as well as high-field-strength elements (Ga, Ce, Y, Zr, Nb, Zn),
but is depleted in transition-metal trace elements (V, Cr, Ni),
and large-ion-lithophile trace elements (Rb, Th, U).
Should you join our Department, you can learn more about acquiring,
interpreting, and understanding such data in
“Chemical Petrology.”
Prof. Jill Pasteris
Apatite Bone
Raman Spectroscopy
Ocean floor3.6 km
Modernhorsetooth
Applied Mineralogy & Spectroscopy
Geology Biomineralization
Graduate Classes Offered Environmental MineralogyIdeas & Controversies in the Geosciences
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Raman shift ( cm-1)
OH(CO3)2-
synthesizedby ClaudeYoder, F&M
Cross-section of bone
(Sub-)Micrometer Analysis of Bone Mineral
Bone crystallites:few nm X 10s nm
850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
Whale
Bison
Halibut
Enamel
OH-Ap synth.
40 um
SyntheticCarbonatedApatite
DifferentBiologicalApatites
Microscopy: optical electron AFM
Raman MicroprobeSpectroscopy
Size, shape, distribution, and composition of bone mineral crystallites
Apatite: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
Unexpected hydratednature of bone apatite
Mineralogy and propertiesof beaver teeth
Hypermineralized bone – betterinsights into composition and other properties of bone mineral
Mineralization and mechanicsof the rotator cuff
Ferrihydrite: orange coating
Amorphous Ca-phosphate
Rostrum:hypermineralized
Tendon-to-bone insertion:gradational properties inmineral composition andconcentration
Beaked whale
Mouse
OH
PCaOOH
Some Current Apatite Projects
Ca8.3 1.7(PO4)4.3(CO3)1.7(OH)0.3 1.7 nH2OBone apatite: