Minerals, Ores and Fossil Fuels

8-3.5 Summarize the importance of minerals, ores and fossil fuels as Earth resources on the basis of their physical

and chemical properties.

BrainPop NotesRock Cycle

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Fossil Fuels1.

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Rock Identification1.

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ReviewBrainPop: Rock Cycle

• Write down 5 facts.

Relevancy

• Why Study Minerals, Ores, and Fossil Fuels?– Building supplies– Basic consumer consumption: gas, oil, etc.– Land worth $– Jobs: mining, gemology, mineralogy, oil rigs– Health: minerals necessary for a healthy body– Toxicology reports of poisons or harmful

minerals in drinking water

Common Earth Resources

• The following resources have importance based on their properties:

–Minerals

–Ores

–Fossil Fuels

• Minerals: –Natural, solid materials found on

Earth that are the building blocks of rocks

–Each has a certain chemical makeup and set of properties that determine their use and value.

Some Minerals Under Black Light

State Mineral Production

• South Carolina – Cement, stone, cement, sand and gravel, gold.

• North Carolina – Stone, phosphate rock, sand and gravel, feldspar.

• Georgia – Clays (kaolin), stone, cement, clays (fuller's earth), sand and

gravel.

• Tennessee – Stone, zinc, cement, sand and gravel, clays (ball), coal.

• Michigan – Iron ore, cement, sand and gravel, stone, crude oil,

magnesium compounds.

In addition to providing fuel, there are nearly 3,000 different productsmade from coal, oil, and gas. They are used to make virtually all ofour synthetic and plastic materials, along with products such as inks,crayons, bubble gum, detergents, deodorants, eyeglasses, tires, anda thousand other things.

•Ores: Minerals that are mined because they contain useful metals or nonmetals.

Ores mined for

COPPER (Cu)

Mineral Information Institute:

http://www.mii.org/mineral_photos_by_ty

pe.htm

Ore Example:Bauxite is an

Aluminum Ore

• Aluminum: Is the most abundant metal element in the Earth’s crust. Bauxite is the main source of aluminum. Aluminum is used in the United States in packaging, transportation, and building. Guinea and Australia have about one-half of the world’s reserves. Other countries with major reserves include Brazil, Jamaica, and India.

Ore Example:Azurite is a

Copper Mineral

• Copper: Used in electric cables and wires, switches, plumbing, heating, roofing and building construction, chemical and pharmaceutical machinery, alloys (brass, bronze, and a new alloy with 3% beryllium that is particularly vibration resistant), alloy castings, electroplated protective coatings and undercoats for nickel, chromium, zinc, etc., and cooking utensils. The leading producer is Chile, followed by the U.S., and Indonesia.    

• Fossil Fuels: –Natural fuels that come from the remains of living things

–Fuels give off energy when they are burned.

Examples and % Each

Examples and % Each

BrainPop: Fossil Fuels

• Write down 5 facts.

Properties of Earth’s Resources

• Earth’s resources (minerals, ores, and fossil fuels) have the following properties that make them important and useful:

BrainPop: Mineral Identification

• Write down 5 facts.

• Physical properties: –hardness – luster (shine) –color –texture (the look

and feel)–the way the

mineral splits: fracture (jagged) or cleavage (flat)

–density

• Chemical properties:–ability to react

to acid

–ability to burn