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Mini Project – Digital Video Editing Author: University of Hertfordshire

Date created:

Date revised: 2009

Abstract

The following resources come from the 2009/10 B.Sc in Media Technology and Digital Broadcast (course number 2ELE0073) from the University of Hertfordshire. All the mini projects are designed as level two modules of the undergraduate programmes.

The objectives of this module are to demonstrate within a digital broadcast environment:

an understanding of technical requirements for digital video production process.

an awareness of technical constraints for content creation and distribution.

the creation of a video sequences with extra effects added.

This project entails the creation, editing, and encoding of a video sequence with the intention of distribution over a particular digital broadcast platform (e.g. DVB-T or ipTV). This project provides an awareness of current video standards for television and also introduces the use of contemporary digital video authoring tools and processes.

© University of Hertfordshire 2009 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License

Contents• Project Summary• Tasks to complete• Adobe® Premiere Pro CS3® - Presets• How to decide the technical parameters when create a new p...• Project Settings• Tasks to complete• Capture for chroma keying• Video Editing Techniques• Tasks to complete• Video encoding• Video encoding - technical concerns • Bit rate mode• Credits

In addition to the resources found below there are supporting documents which should be used in combination with this

resource. Please see:

Mini Projects - Introductory presentation.

Mini Projects - E-Log.

Mini Projects - Staff & Student Guide.

Mini Projects - Standard Grading Criteria.

Mini Projects - Reflection.

You will also need the ‘Mini Project- Digital Video Editing’ text document.

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Project Summary

• This project entails the creation, editing, and encoding of a digital video sequence with the intention of a particular application:– Distribution over a particular digital broadcast platform

(e.g. DVB-T or ipTV).– Storage on a particular digital media

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Tasks to complete• Preproduction

– Planning the recording• Production

– Recording (and importing from tape)– Selecting– Assembling– Editing

• Post-production (Encoding)– with the intention of distribution over a particular

transmission media– or with the intention of storage on a particular storage

media

Adobe® Premiere Pro CS3® - Presets

• DV-24p – 24p DV cameras sometimes used for film that has been shot at the film-standard 24 fps and transferred to DV.

• DV-NTSC – TV format for North and Sourth America and Japan.

• DV-PAL – TV format for mast of Western Europe and Australia.

• HDV• Mobile & Device – Video from mobile

devices and other low-bandwidth video.– Virgin mobile’s mobile TV service @59 kbps– MPEG2 for DVB @ 3-15Mbps

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How to decide the technical parameters when create a new project

in Adobe® Premiere Pro CS3® ?• Investigate the project specification and identify the

required video format• Use the identified format for your project• If new contents are required, make sure the same

format is used when capturing the new contents.• When existing contents are to be used, try to use

contents with the same format.– Chroma keying

Project Settings

• Many can’t be changed• Match the specifications of the most

significant source media in your project• For DV or HDV, no need to use a custom

preset. Use one of the standard presets.• Frame size• Frame rate• Safe areas

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Tasks to complete• Preproduction

– Planning the recording• Production

– Recording and importing from tape– Selecting from a library– Assembling– Editing

• Post-production (Encoding)– with the intention of distribution over a particular

transmission media– or with the intention of storage on a particular storage

media

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Capture for chroma keying• Lighting is the most important part of Chroma Keying.

– Make sure you have even illumination across the entire screen and with no shadow

– Different degrees of illumination can create colour variations that can confuse the chroma keying algorithm.

• Be aware of the potential for colour spill.– Colour spill: a blue reflection off of your backdrop that colours your

subject.– Double check the lighting and have the subject move farther away

from the background screen if possible.– Use matte sprays if available.

• Choose carefully the colour of your subject.

Video Editing Techniques• Import clips to construct a sequence (order of

importing)• Trim clips to remove unwanted parts• Cut a clip into sections using razor tool• Change clip speed (leave enough space for slow

motion)• Transitions• Motion Keying• Creation of Titles• Split screen• Chroma Keying

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Tasks to complete• Preproduction

– Planning the recording• Production

– Recording and importing from tape– Selecting from a library– Assembling– Editing

• Post-production (Encoding)– with the intention of distribution over a particular

transmission media– or with the intention of storage on a particular storage

media

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Video encoding

• Encoding (compression) standards supported by Premiere CS3– MPEG

• By ISO• For entertainment applications• MPEG-1 @ 1.5Mbps

– VCD, MP3• MPEG-2 @ 3-15Mbps

– DVD, digital broadcast• MPEG-4

– For fixed and mobile web

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Video encoding (cont.)• Encoding (compression) standards supported by

Premiere CS3– Flash

• By Adobe• ready to play on any computer with a Flash-enabled

browser.– Quick Time (Apple) / RealMedia (RealNetworks) /

Windows Media (Microsoft)• for use in Windows PCs and for playback on the Internet.

– H.26x• By ITU-T• For videoconference over ISDN (low bandwidth)

Lily Meng 14

Video encoding - technical concerns

• Frame size• Frame rate• Bit rate

– Bit rate mode– Average (target) rate– Bit rate range

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Bit rate mode

• VBR (variable bit rate)– Generally better image quality than CBR as it increases the

bit rate during action scenes.– Offers a one- or two-pass option. Two passes take longer

but create a higher quality image sequence.– Storage, DVB broadcast

• CBR (constant bit rate)– Ideal for real-time applications with a known bandwidth

• MCBR (multiple CBR)– Multiple CBR encoded sequences in a single file– Internet applications with unknown bandwidth

This resource was created by the University of Hertfordshire and released as an open educational resource through the Open Engineering Resources project of the HE Academy Engineering Subject Centre. The Open Engineering Resources project was funded by HEFCE and part of the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.© University of Hertfordshire 2009

© University of Hertfordshire 2009

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License.

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