ministry of environment & forestry of turkey nermin cicek environmental engineer general...
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Ministry of Environment & Forestry of Turkey
NERMIN CICEKEnvironmental Engineer
General Diractorate of Environment ManagamentWater and Soil managament Department
ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
CONTENT
Overview Competent Authorities Current Sıtuatıon Water and Waste Water Technical Studies on the Water Framework Directive and Other Directives
ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
OVERVIEW
Turkey has a number of governmental institutions functioning in the field of water management.
Tasks and responsibilities of these organizations are described in their respective Establishment Laws.
The main organizations involved are the Directorate General of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) with responsibilities for water quantity and quality monitoring and Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) with responsibilities related to water quality
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OVERVIEW (CONT’D)
The studies for the 25 river basins defined for the management and development of water resources have been carried out the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in cooperation with other relevant institutions.
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ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
Ministry of Environment and
Forestry
The Directorate General of State Hydraulic Works
Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs
The Bank of Provinces
Ministry of Health
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
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COMPETENT AUTHORITIESThe Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF);
Ensure coordination and cooperation for overall
development and implementation of environmental
policies Develop and approve of environmental plans and ensure
implementation Ensure establishment of laboratories Ensure implementation of the national EIA regulation Designate Ramsar sites Ensure the coordination of harmonization of the Turkish
Water Legislation with the EU Acquis
ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D) Determine the classification of the quality of water resources
Determine the quality criteria related to water resources Issue water discharge permits for installations, monitoring
discharges and wastewater treatment plants Approve projects concerning wastewater treatment plants
for industrial installations Prepare contingency plans for protection of water resources
ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D)
The Directorate General of State Hydraulic Works (DSI)
Water management with 25 regional directorates Investigation, planning, design, construction and operation for
irrigation domestic water supply, hydroelectric energy and
environment Responsible for protection of surface water and groundwater Responsible for allocation and registration of groundwater Responsible for flood control
ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D)
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(MARA)
Protecting the resources of water, plants, animals and fisheries as well as the products therefore Control of wastewater discharges in fish production areas Monitoring of nitrate parameter of parameters in freshwaters and groundwater
Having 40 Provincial Control Laboratories which measures quality of inland waters, marine environment and all wastewaters
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CURRENT SITUATION
The Bank of Provinces (BoP)
Affiliated with the Ministry of Public Works and Settlement as well as public works relating to drinking water supply and treatment, sewage systems and urban wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal for municipalities
The Ministry of Health (MoH)
Plays an important role in certain aspects of environmental protection through its responsibilities for public health. In the water sector, it has certain responsibilities for drinking water quality and bathing water quality and certain responsibilities for urban wastewater collection and treatment ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007
CURRENT SITUATION Water Resources In Turkey
• Turkey’s Total Population : 68 million (year 2000)
• Rural Population : 35 %
• Urban Population : 65 %
• Annual Population Increase: 1.5 %
• Population Density : 88 people/km2
• Turkey’s Surface area : 78 million ha
• Arable Land : 28 million ha
• Irrigable Land : 26 million ha
• Economically Irrigable Land : 8.5 million ha
Population and Land Resources
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250 mm
2500 mm
Turkey is a semi arid country: Precipitation varies seasonally and regionally.ANKARAANKARA
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Run off from neighbour countries
7 km3
Run off from neighbour countries
7 km3
Mean Annual Precipitation
501 km3
Mean Annual Precipitation
501 km3
Evaporation274 km3
Evaporation274 km3
Annual Surface Run Off 186 km3
--------------------------------- Exploitable : 95 km3 (49%)
Annual Surface Run Off 186 km3
--------------------------------- Exploitable : 95 km3 (49%)
Surface Run Off 193 km3
Surface Run Off 193 km3
Leakage to Aquifers41 km3
Leakage to Aquifers41 km3
Total Exploitable Water112 km3
Total Exploitable Water112 km3
Present Consumption40 km3
Present Consumption40 km3
Annual Safe Yield14 km3
Annual Safe Yield14 km3
Annual Available Surface Water 98 km3
Annual Available Surface Water 98 km3
Gross Water Potential234 km3
Gross Water Potential234 km3
Schematic Representation of Water Potential in Turkey
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Rivers and Lakes in Turkey
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NO NAME of BASIN
ANNUAL SURFACE RUN
OFF (km3)
1 Euphrates-Tigris 52,94
2 East Black Sea 14,90
3 East Mediterranean 11,07
4 Antalya 11,06
5 West Black Sea 9,93
6 West Mediterranean 8,93
7 Marmara 8,33
8 Seyhan 8,01
9 Ceyhan 7,18
10 Kızılırmak 6,48
11 Sakarya 6,40
12 Çoruh 6,30
13 Yeşilırmak 5,80
14 Susurluk 5,43
NO NAME of BASIN
ANNUAL SURFACE RUN
OFF (km3)
15 Aras 4,63
16 Konya Closed 4,52
17 Büyük Menderes 3,03
18 Van Lake 2,39
19 North Aegean 2,09
20 Gediz 1,95
21 Maritza-Ergene 1,33
22 Küçük Menderes 1,19
23 Asi 1,17
24 Burdur Lakes 0,50
25 Akarçay 0,49
TOTAL 186
River Basins in Turkey and Their Annual Average Water Potential
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Basic Observation and Monitoring Studies;
- Stream Flow, Snow, and Meteorological Observation,
- Sediment measurement,
- Water Quality Monitoring (Irrigation water + other pollution parameters measurements)
Totally;
Stream Flow Observation in 1410 stations
Sediment Measurements in 183 stations
Irrigation Water Quality Monitoring in 282 stations
Snow Observation in 652 stations
Meteorological Observation in 793 stations
Water Quality Monitoring in 1150 stations
Water use in Turkey
12%
16%
72%
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Population Intervals
Number of municipalities
Population of municipalities
Number of municipalities with sewer system
Population serviced with sewer system
The rate of population serviced with sewer system
Number of treatment plants (secondary + advanced)
Population served with treatment plants
The rate of population served with treatment plant
> 100.000 58 29 772 881 58 28.563.084 96 46 20.554.995 69
100.000-50.000
77 5 344 259 74 4.806.972 90 15 1.073.804 20
50.000-10.000
450 9 309 091 403 7.546.575 81 43 1.770.561 19
10.000-2000
2206 8 929 928 1396 4.923.454 55 33 449.956 5
<2000 345 578 891 208 309.395 53 1 27.114 5
3136 53 935 050 2139 46.149.480 87 138 23.876.430 44
* The district and sub-level municipalities having service from The Metropolitan Municipalities are evaluated within the metropolitan municipality population. For this reason the number of district and sub-level municipalities is not shown on the table. ** The 2004 data of The Institution of Statistics of Turkey is valid.
Number of wastewater treatment plants according to the By-law on urban wastewater treatment
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007ANKARAANKARA24 October 200724 October 2007
Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plants in Turkey
Provinces that have wastewater treatment plant Provinces that have not wastewater treatment plant Provinces where wastewater treatment plants are programmed in tendering process
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1994 1996 1998 2002 2004
YEAR
The Ratio of the Population Serviced with Sewer System and WWTP to Total Population
(%)
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Sewer System
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65%
35% Treated WasteWaterNot TreatedWaste Water
Wastewater Amount Discharged from Network System2,92 billion m3 /year
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250 500 750
1 000 1 250 1 500 1 750 2 000 2 250 2 500 2 750 3 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004
YEAR
Wastewater Treatment in Turkey(million m3/year)
Discharged Quantity of WW
Treated Quantity of WW
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Wastewater Amount Treated in Waste Water Treatment Plants 1,90 billion m3/year
31.5%
56.3%
12.2%
Physical Treatment
Biological Treatment
Tertiary TreatmentANKARAANKARA
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The Rate of Population Serviced with Sewer System
87%
13%
Population serviced with sewersystem
Population serviced withoutsewer system
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NUMBER OF MUNICIPALITY ACCORDING TO POPULATION
772%
45014%
220671%
34511%
582%
>100,000
100,000-50,000
50,000-10,000
10,000-2000
<2000
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POPULATION SERVICED BY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
20.554.99587%
1.073.8044%
1.770.5617%
449.9562%
27.1140%
>100,000
100,000-50,000
50,000-10,000
10,000-2000
<2000
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WATER SECTOR INVESTMENT NEEDS
IEAS-2007
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Financing for Water Sector Directive Investment expenditure needs
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Public Budget Grants Credits Wastewater Drinking Water Other (WFD, GWD)
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007
ANKARA24 October 2007
Total Invenment Needs for Water Sector (2007-2023)
Drinking Water
12.743 € 41%
Wastewater 18.083 €
59%
(Milyon €)
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007
ANKARA24 October 2007
Only Metropolitan Municipalities can achieve to afford Operation, Maintenance and Depreciation cost if they
increase their tariff proportional to Gross National Product
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
mily
on E
UR
20032007
20132017
2022
1,00
0,00
0
Gid
erle
r
Tar
ife B
edel
i
Gid
erle
r
Tar
ife B
edel
i
Gid
erle
r
Tar
ife B
edel
i
Gid
erle
r
Tar
ife B
edel
i
İşle
tme
Bak
ım v
e
Am
ortis
man
Tariff Cost Operation, Maintenance and Depreciation
>1,000,000150,000
1,000,000
50,000
150,000
2,000
50,000
<2,000
ANKARA24 October 2007
Bank of Provinces
PPP
International Finance
Funds EU-Other
Private Sector
Municipal Budgets
General Budget
Financing Need for the
Environmental Investments
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The Sources That Can Provide Financing For Environmental Investments
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007
INVESTMENT PROJECTS IPA
The topic “Environment” takes place under the “Regional Development” title, the fourth component of the “Institutions for Pre Accession Partnership” which consolidates EU Pre Accession Financial Assistance Programmes and will come into force in 2007. IPA funds will be effective between 2007 – 2013. MoEF was instructed as a responsible authority for the preparation and the implementation of the “Environmental Operational Programme”.
With respect to the utilization from IPA funds, “the prioritization works” which aim to identify the projects constituting priorities for our country as well as municipalities, are finalized.
In the framework of IPA, 61 water and waste water treatment projects have been singled out at a national scale with a view to do feasibility, prepare EIA design reports and materialize other relevant work of financable Environmental Infrastructure Projects between 2007-2009 in EU standarts. With their EIA reports and feasibility are due to be made, Tendering process of “Technical Assistance on the Preparation of WWTS Projects for 15 Municipalities” chosen from the “Environmental Infra. Prioritization List” continues..
ANKARA24 October 2007
THE SHORT-LIST CONCERNING WITH WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROJECTS IN THE SCOPE OF IPA
• Kırıkale wastewater treatment plant• Erzurum wastewater treatment plant,collector, rain water and partial network• Kastamonu wastewater treatment plant• Bartın wastewater treatment plant• Kırşehir wastewater treatment plant• Adıyaman wastewater treatment plant• Gemlik wastewater treatment plant and Deep Sea Discharge Project• Polatlı wastewater treatment plant and Additional Network• Siverek wastewater treatment plant• Seydişehir wastewater treatment plant• Çarşamba wastewater treatment plant• Kahramanmaraş wastewater treatment plant• Diyarbakır wastewater treatment plant (EU The great majorty of the documents are
prepared in the scope of the EU norms.)• Erdemli wastewater treatment plant (EU The great majorty of the documents are
prepared in the scope of the EU norms.)• Turhal wastewater treatment plant
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FINANCIAL SUPPORT SUPPLIED BY MoEF
The total amount is 5.359.000 YTL supplied for the sewerage and the wastewater treatment systems between the years 2005-2007
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WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE2000/60/EC
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PROJECTS CONCERNING THE HARMONIZATION OF THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IN TURKEY (Ref. No:MAT01/TR/9/3)
Project Purpose:
To provide support to Turkish Government in developing a participatory and
integrated approach in water management planning by fostering collaboration and
co-operation between institutions and organisations having a responsibility in water
management in order to implement the EU Water Framework Directive in Turkey.
Submitted to:
MATRA Program
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Achievements Gained by the Project:
• Legal and Institutional Analyses regarding the Current Water Management in Turkey,
• Draft Integrated River Basin Management Plan for Büyük Menderes River Basin,
• A Handbook for Implementation of the Water Framework Directive.
Project Budget:
400 000 Euro
Project Duration:
Starting Date : January 2002Ending Date : December 2003
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STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT (Ref. No:PPA/05/TR/7/8)
To support the Turkish government with the harmonisation and implementation of
Directive 80/68/EEC (Groundwater Directive) and relevant groundwater legislation
under Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive), to prepare an
implementation plan and implement it in Küçük Menderes River Basin.
Project Purpose:
Submitted to:
MATRA Program
ANKARA24 October 2007
1. An advice and action plan regarding the harmonisation of European groundwater legislation, especially directive 80/68/EEC (groundwater directive) and related legislation under the Water Framework Directive is developed and (partly) implemented,
2. A clear task and responsibility structure concerning groundwater management between MoEF and DSI and, among MoEF, DSI and regional and local authorities is developed and approved,
3. The technical knowledge and skills in relation to groundwater management, within MoEF, DSI and other relevant institutions involved in groundwater management, is improved.
Achievements Gained by the Project:
Project Beneficiaries:
Ministry of Environment and ForestryGeneral Directorate of State Hydraulic Works
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Project Budget:
350 000 Euro
Project Duration:
Starting Date : January 2006
Planned Ending Date : December 2007
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CAPACITY BUILDING SUPPORT TO TURKEY FOR THE WATER SECTOR (Ref. No:TR 0603.04)
To assist Turkey in the water management in line with the EU water legislation, in
particular the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC of 23 October 2000,
Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) 91/271/EEC of 21 May 1991
and Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) 76/464/EEC of 4 May 1976 and
daughter directives in order to enable the full implementation of the EU water
acquis by the date of Turkey’s accession to the EU.
Certain Provisions of WFD are out of Project Scope.
Project Purpose:
Submitted to:
EU-Turkey Pre-accession Financial Assistance 2006 Programming Year
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1. Legal Analyses of the Water Framework Directive, Urban Wastewater
Treatment Directive, and Dangerous Substance Directive in the Context of
Project Purpose,
2. Implementation Plans for the Water Framework Directive and Dangeous
Substance Directive,
3. Pilot Implementation of the Principles of the Water Framework Directive,
Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, and Dangerous Substance Directive in
Büyük Menderes River Basin.
Achievements Gained by the Project:
Project Beneficiaries:
Ministry of Environment and ForestryGeneral Directorate of State Hydraulic Works
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2 500 000 Euro (Total)
Project Budget:
2 000 000 Euro (Twinning)
500 000 Euro (Supply)
Project Duration:
Planned Starting Date : 2007 III. Quarter
Planned Ending Date : 2009 III. Quarter
ANKARA24 October 2007
DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE DISCHARGED INTO THE AQUATIC ENVIROMENT76/464/EEC(2006/11/EC)This Directive was published in the Official Gazette No. 26005 dated 26 November 2005URBAN WASTE WATER TREATMENT DIRECTIVE 91/271/EECThis Directive was published in the Official Gazette No. 26047 dated 8 January 2006GROUNDWATER DIRECTIVE 80/68/EEC (2006/118/EC )Draft By-Law on the Protection of Groundwater Against Pollution Caused by Certain Dangerous Substances was prepared.Since new Groundwater Directive published at 12 December 2006, the technical studies for the harmonization of the new Groundwater Directive are carried on at the beginning phase.DRINKING WATER DIRECTIVE (98/83/EC)
This DirectiveThis Directive was published in the Official Gazete dated 17.02.2005 and No. 25730 and put into force at the date of was published in the Official Gazete dated 17.02.2005 and No. 25730 and put into force at the date of publication. publication. NITRATE DIRECTIVE (91/676/EEC)The By-law on the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources was published in the Official Gazette No.25377, dated 18 February 2004. Technical works on amendment “By-Law on the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources” are going on.BATHING WATER DIRECTIVE 76/160/EC76/160/EC
Regulation on Bathing Water Quality had been taken into force on 9 january 2006 by being published in the official gazette no.26048 in order to adapt the “Bathing Water Directive” no.76/160/EC.FISH WATER DIRECTIVE ( 78/659/EEC), SHELLFISH WATER DIECTIVE (79/923/EEC)With regard to the directive 78/659/EEC technical works are being conducted by the MARA under the work devoted to the alignment, considering the amendments made to the directive 2006/44/ECWith regard to the directive 79/923/EEC technical works are being conducted by the MARA under the work devoted to the alignment, considering the amendments made to the directive 2006/113/EC
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PROJECTS
• Pollutant Release And Transfer Regıster (PRTR) Project
• Strengthening the Ministry of Health to Harmonise and Implement legislation in the field of water for public health Protection”(TwinningTR/2004/IB/EN/04).(2006-2007)
• Developing The Low Costs Treatment Technologies for Turkey Circumstances and The Sample Implementing Projects for the Marmara Region
• The Research Project of The Integrated Treatment of The Municipal Wastewater and Organic Solid
• Waste with The Renewable Energy (Biomethane) Recycling Technologies
• Capacity Building for Development of National Water Quality Monitoring Network
• Determination of Characterization of Turkish Coastal Zones and National Monitoring Methodology
• Capacity strenghtening and support of implementation in order to meet with quality criteria of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water
• A Research Project on Determination of Discharge Limit Values of Hazardous Substances in Aquatic Media ANKARA
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• Capacity Building for Cleaner Production Practices in Turkey
• Determination of Principles of Sensitive Areas and Urban Waste Water Treatment
• Management of Bathing Waters in Turkey
• Sustainable Usage of Marine and Coastal Areas
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