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Unit - IV SECURITY AND CONTROL

Telecommunications, which is essential to smooth opeations in to!a"#s $%sinesswol!, is the tansmittal o& !ata an! in&omation &om one point to anothe'Se(eal impo(ements to $%siness pocesses)

Better business communication

Greater efciency Better distribution o data

Instant transactions

Flexible and mobile workorce

Alternative channels

Channel *an!wi!thTelecomm%nications po&essionals consi!e the capacit" o& the comm%nications patho channel when the" ecommen! tansmission me!ia &o a $%siness' Channelbandwidth e&es to the ate at which !ata is e+chane!, %s%all" meas%e! in $its

pe secon! $ps./the $oa!e the $an!wi!th, the moe in&omation can $ee+chane! at one time'

Comm%nications 0e!iaIn !esinin a telecomm%nications s"stem, the tansmission me!ia selecte! !epen!son the amo%nt o& in&omation to $e e+chane!, the spee! at which !ata m%st $ee+chane!, the le(el o& concen &o !ata pi(ac", whethe o not the %ses aestationa" o mo$ile, an! man" othe $%siness e%iements' Tansmission me!ia can$e !i(i!e! into two $oa! cateoies) guided transmission media, in whichcomm%nications sinals ae %i!e! alon a soli! me!i%m, an! wireless, in which thecomm%nications sinal is $oa!cast o(e aiwa(es as a &om o& electomanetica!iation'

Guided Transmission Media Types

Virtual Private NetworksA LAN is a pi(ate netwo2, $eca%se it onl" po(i!es access to mem$es o& anoani3ation' Tho%h a 4m !oes not own the lines it leases, the netwo2 o& lease!

lines miht $e consi!ee! a pi(ate netwo2, $eca%se onl" mem$es a%thoi3e! $" theoani3ation can %se it' 0an" companies cannot a5o! o !o not wish to pa" &o api(ate netwo2' *" implementin special so&twae an! sometimes also ha!wae.the" can ceate a (it%al pi(ate netwo2 V6N.'

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A (it%al pi(ate netwo2 V6N. can $e tho%ht o& as a 8t%nnel9 tho%h the Intenet oothe p%$lic netwo2 that allows onl" a%thoi3e! %ses to access compan" eso%ces'The 8(it%al9 in V6N e&es to the ill%sion that the %se is accessin a pi(ate netwo2!iectl", athe than tho%h a p%$lic netwo2' V6Ns ena$le the %se o& intanets an!e+tanets'

An intanet is a netwo2 that %ses :e$ technoloies to se(e an oani3ation#semplo"ees who ae locate! in se(eal sites that miht $e man" miles apat; ane+tanet se(es $oth the emplo"ees an! othe entepises that !o $%siness with theoani3ation'

Wireless Technologies:ieless comm%nications co%ple! with the Intenet ae e(ol%tioni3in how an! wheewe athe an! shae in&omation, colla$oate in teams, listen to m%sic o watch (i!eo,an! sta" in to%ch with o% &amilies an! co-wo2es while on the oa!' :ieless

telecomm%nications in(ol(es the $oa!cast o& comm%nications in one o& thee&e%enc" anes) micowa(e, a!io, an! in&ae!'

near feld communicationN!C"A (e" shot-ane wieless connecti(it" technolo" !esine! &o cell phones an!ce!it ca!s'

#luetoothA wieless comm%nicationsspeci4cation that !esci$es how cell phones, comp%tes, &a+es, pintes, an! otheelectonic !e(ices can $e inteconnecte! o(e !istances o& 1< &eet at a ate o&a$o%t 7 0$ps'

$ltra wideband $W#"A &om o& shot-ane comm%nications that emplo"s e+temel" shot electomaneticp%lses lastin ?%st @< to 1,

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Microwave Transmission0icowa(e is a hih-&e%enc" > &o thi! eneation o&sol%tions &o wieless (oice an! !ata comm%nications' A!!itional capa$ilities incl%!emo$ile (i!eo, mo$ile ecommece, location-$ase! se(ices, mo$ile amin, an! the!ownloa!in an! pla"in o& sons'

'G Wireless Communications

o%th-eneation $oa!$an! mo$ile wieless is e+pecte! to !eli(e moe a!(ance!(esions o& enhance! m%ltime!ia, smooth steamin (i!eo, %ni(esal access,pota$ilit" acoss all t"pes o& !e(ices, an! e(ent%all", wol!wi!e oamin capa$ilit"' will also po(i!e incease! !ata tansmission ates in the 7< miles' :i0AG can s%ppot !ata comm%nications at a ate o& H< 0$ps'ewe :i0AG $ase stations ae e%ie! to co(e the same eoaphical aea thanwhen :i-i technolo" is %se!'

*l%etooth

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*l%etooth is the pop%la name &o the

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6BYSICAL TRANS0ISSION 0EDIANetwo2s %se !i5eent 2in!s o& ph"sical tansmission me!ia, incl%!in twiste! wie,coa+ial ca$le, 4$e optics, an! me!ia &o wieless tansmission'

Twiste! wie consists o& stan!s o& coppe wie twiste! in pais an! is an ol!e t"pe o&tansmission me!i%m' 0an" o& the telephone s"stems in $%il!ins ha! twiste! wiesinstalle! &o analo comm%nication, $%t the" can $e %se! &o !iital comm%nication aswell'

Coa+ial ca$le, simila to that %se! &o ca$le tele(ision, consists o& thic2l" ins%late!coppe wie, which can tansmit a lae (ol%me o& !ata than twiste! wie' Ca$le was

%se! in eal" local aea netwo2s an! is still %se! to!a" &o lone moe than 1

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A client comp%te connectin to the Intenet has access to a (aiet" o& se(ices' Thesese(ices incl%!e e-mail, electonic !isc%ssion o%ps, chattin an! instant messain,Telnet, ile Tans&e 6otocol T6 ., an! the :ol! :i!e :e$'

Unit = V NE: IT INITIATIVESE-$%siness , a tem oiinall" coine! $" Lo% estne,CEO o& I*0, is the %se o& the Intenet an! othe netwo2s an! in&omationtechnoloies to s%ppot e-commece, entepise comm%nications an! colla$oation,an! :e$-ena$le! $%siness pocesses, $oth within a netwo2e! entepise an! with itsc%stomes an! $%siness patnes' E-$%siness incl%!es e-commece, which in(ol(esthe $%"in, sellin, ma2etin, an! se(icin o& po!%cts, se(ices, an! in&omationo(e the Intenet an! othe netwo2s'

(ntroduction to e%Commerce

E-commece in(ol(es accomplishin a ane o& $%siness pocesses to s%ppot theelectonic $%"in an! sellin o& oo!s an! se(ices'

Electonic commece con!%ctin $%siness acti(ities e'', !isti$%tion, $%"in, sellin,ma2etin, an! se(icin o& po!%cts o se(ices. electonicall" o(e comp%tenetwo2s

Categories o) -%Commerce*%siness-to-Cons%me *7C. e-Commece' In this &om o& e-commece, $%sinessesm%st !e(elop attacti(e electonic ma2etplaces to sell po!%cts an! se(ices tocons%mes'

Cons%me-to-Cons%me C7C. e-Commece' The h%e s%ccess o& online a%ctions li2ee*a", whee cons%mes as well as $%sinesses. can $%" &om an! sell to one anothein an a%ction pocess at an a%ction :e$ site, ma2es this e-commece mo!el animpotant e-commece $%siness state"' Th%s, paticipatin in o sponsoincons%me o $%siness a%ctions is an impotant e-commece altenati(e &o *7C, C7*cons%me-to-$%siness., o *7* e-commece'

*%siness-to-*%siness *7*. e-Commece' I& *7C acti(ities ae the tip o& the ice$e,*7* epesents the pat o& the ice$e that is %n!e the wate/the $iest pat' Thiscateo" o& e-commece in(ol(es $oth e-$%siness ma2etplaces an! !iect ma2etlin2s $etween $%sinesses'

E-commece can $e !e4ne! as an" e+chane o& in&omation o $%siness tansactionthat is &acilitate! $" the %se o& in&omation an! comm%nications technoloies'

1' Electonic ma2ets) These ae in&omation so%ces that can $e %se! to seach &oa patic%la se(ice o po!%ct'

7' Electonic !ata intechane) Companies, in thei e%la !ealins with otheta!in patnes, s%ch as s%pplies an! etail o%tlets, miht esta$lish electoniccomm%nications to pocess the (ol%me o& tansactions caie! o%t' These lines

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o& comm%nication miht $e pemanent, %sin lease! telephone connections, oesta$lishe! tempoail" &o the !%ation o& the tansactions, %sin the Intenetto esta$lish the connection' EDI po(i!es a stan!a! potocol &o enco!in this!ata e+chane'

>' Intenet commece) This cateo" o& e-commece incopoates the pop%la

imae o& home comp%te %ses ma2in p%chases o(e the Intenet' In &act itincl%!es a m%ch $oa!e ane o& ta!in' In Intenet commece, oo!s an!se(ices ae a!(etise! an! in!i(i!%al tansactions ae e+ec%te!'

*%sinesses ha(e $een swi&t to eali3e the oppot%nities po(i!e! $" the :e$ an! ha(e!e(elope! we$sites in o!e to)1'a!(etise se(ices an! po!%cts; 7'sell se(ices an! po!%cts; pomote copoateimaes; >'po(i!e in&omation especiall" p%$lic se(ices.

-lectronic Commerce Payment .ystems

Diital wallets ma2e pa"in &o p%chases o(e the :e$ moe eKcient $" eliminatinthe nee! &o shoppes to ente thei a!!ess an! ce!it ca! in&omation epeate!l"each time the" $%" somethin' The !iital wallet sec%el" stoes ce!it ca! an!

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0icopa"ment s"stems ha(e $een !e(elope! &o p%chases o& less than 1

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:hat Is CR0

0anain the &%ll ane o& the c%stome elationship in(ol(es two elate! o$?ecti(es)one, to po(i!e the oani3ation an! all o& its c%stome-&acin emplo"ees with asinle, com-plete (iew o& e(e" c%stome at e(e" to%ch point an! acoss all channels;an!, two, to po-(i!e the c%stome with a sinle, complete (iew o& the compan" an!its e+ten!e! channels'

CR0 %ses in&omation technolo" to ceatea coss-&%nctional entepise s"stem that inteates an! a%tomates man" o& thec%stome-se(in pocesses in sales, ma2etin, an! c%stome se(ices that inteactwith a compan"#s c%stomes' CR0 s"stems also ceate an IT &amewo2 o& :e$-ena$le! so&twae an! !ata$ases that inteates these pocesses with the est o& acompan"#s $%siness opeations'

The ma?o application cl%stes in c%stome elationship manaement

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