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Aerosol optical properties package for the In-service Aircraft Global Observing System IAGOS: Setup and first airborne application.Okt. 2016 | Ulrich Bundke, J. De Faria, M. Berg and A. Petzold

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Meteorologisches Kolloquium | Leipzig | 6 Dezember 2012

2

WP5 Enhancing the IAGOS Observation Capabilities

• CAPS-PmEx

• CAPS-NO2

• OPC (GRIMM 1.129)• Weight: 32kg• Power : 28V / 7A

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CAPS Priciple

New Flow System

w/t particles

with particles

Schematic of signal generation in CAPS

Detector threshold

LED on

CAPS PMex measures extinction as phase shift betweenentering and exiting light of a high-grade optical cavity,applying the Lambert-Beer law:

in which θ is the measured phase shift, θ0 is the phase shift atparticle-free conditions, c is the speed of light and f is the LEDmodulation frequency.The measurement is absolute = no need for calibration.

co co 0 , ,

,

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Lab test results for CAPS operative down to p 200 hPa.

LOD permits observations in the upper troposphere and tropopause regions.

New flow system operates properly at low pressure; LOD is still within the range of the targeted atmospheric layer

Modified Cavity Attenuated Phase-Shift Particle Extinction Monitor for operation on airborne platformsJulia Perim de Faria1, Andreas Petzold1, Marcel Berg1, Andrew Freedman2, Timothy B. Onasch2, and Ulrich Bundke1

Paper in preparation, 2016

Modified Cavity Attenuated Phase-Shift Particle Extinction Monitor for operation on airborne platformsJulia Perim de Faria1, Andreas Petzold1, Marcel Berg1, Andrew Freedman2, Timothy B. Onasch2, and Ulrich Bundke1

Paper in preparation, 2016

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tIAGOS Package P2e 

Schematic of P2e Technical Details

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Aerosol properties– particle size distribution (> 250 nm) – integral number of particles (> 13 nm)– non‐volatile particle cores (> 13 nm)

Instrumentation

OPC (> 250 nm)– particles available for the formation                    

of water and ice clouds – volcanic ash & mineral dust particles

Two CPC + Thermodenuder– non‐volatile particles, e.g.:

soot particles emitted by ship biomass burning products

– gas‐to‐particle  conversionand particle nucleation

IAGOS Package P2c 

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P2C Characterization

Tellus B 67, 2015 ( MOZAIC Special Issue, )

The IAGOS-CORE aerosol package: Instrument design, operation and performance for continuous measurement

aborad in-service aircraft

U . B u n d k e1, M. Berg1, N.Houben1, A. Ibrahim2, M. Fiebig3, F. Tettich4,C. Klaus5, H. Franke5, and A. Petzold1

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tIAGOS Payload Set‐Up

TOP LevelP2e (light extinction, NO2

MID LevelButanol supply for P2c

BOTTOM LevelP2c (Aerosol Microphysics)

Payload is certified for operation on board Polar 6.

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Flight Pattern

1000 ft

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2 nmi 10 nmi

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In Flight Data1050

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Zeit

08:07:15.925 30.08.2015

08:03:07.923 30.08.2015

08:04:10.000 30.08.2015

08:05:00.000 30.08.2015

08:05:50.000 30.08.2015

08:06:40.000 30.08.2015

NO2

P

Ext

CPC

OPC

1015.20

20.41

3127.00

6780.00

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P[h

Pa]

EXT

[Mm

-1CP

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tal [

1/cc

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PC t

otal

[1/

100m

l]N

O2

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ACTRIS LIDAR comparison

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Height profils: Comparison

• LIDAR profile is wavelength corrected to 630nm using =1.6 measured by a sun photometer in Lindenberg.

• Lidar profile is slope corrected: using a linear factor of 0,79 (this is equivalent to a humidity correction assuming particles with an hygroscopicityparameter B0 = 0.6.

• Calculated profile (Mie) using OPC measurements calibrated with latex particles (n=1,56 –0i )

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Linear regression analysis and associated scatter-plots of the profile data. About 60% of the variance of the residuals of the Mie calculation is explained by the linear regression (right) the remaining variance is caused due to the cut offs of the size measurement

Correlation analysis

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OutlookPAMARCMIP (2018)Polar Airborne Measurements and Regional Climate Model Simulation Project

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Regular monitoring of missing routes– North-South Amerika– Polar-region

Outlook:Further Cooperation with AWI Polar fleet

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OutlookIAGOS-Core / IAGOS-Caribic Interface• Interface for all P2 Options

• Regular, direct inter comparison during a complete flight (QA/QC)

• P2 Options can be installed without modifications• P2a/P2b Gas supply by Caribic• P2c (small butanol supply/reservoirs

(500 ml)• P2d (no inflight calibration)• P2e (final design not fixed yet (CAPS

NO2/ CAPS PmEx, multi wavelength )

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Thanks to the Team!

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IAGOS core Aerosol projects

• First flight of IAGOS P2ePrototypeExtinction Coefficient, NO2, Size DistributionIGAS WP 5 IAGOS for the GMES Atmospheric Service(EU FP7 grant agreement nº 312311.)

• P2c / P2e as “ground truth” for ACTRIS LIDARs(ENVRI plus EU,FP7)

• AWI ship plume emission test campaign (BALTEX)

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BALTEX 2015

• ship track from Helsinki to Kiel via Gdynia

• ship plume measurements of the MV Thetis D from the German shipping company Mark Drevin, Cuxhaven.

• The aim was to optimize the flight pattern procedure and the coordination and communication between ship and aircraft

• proof the concept of applied instruments for investigations of the evolution of the ship plume

• Total 20 flight hours

Bornholm operation basis for POLAR 5

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Lab: Experimental set-up

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Allan Plot (new and old flow setup)

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Low-pressure tests: CO2

Comparison of the measured CO2extinction coefficient values and the Rayleigh scattering coefficient from literature

Literature and measured Rayleigh scattering/extinction coefficient for CO2at different wavelength.

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13.03.2017 25

Lindenberg Profile

P2c + P2e

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Sig_e Mm-1

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Non vol / total

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PAMARCMIPPolar Airborne Measurements and Regional Climate Model Simulation Project

Schedule : spring 2018

• The first goal of the campaign is to characterize the short-term variability, horizontal and vertical distribution of BC in the atmosphere and concentrations of BC in snow.

• sea ice and snow thickness

• snow optical properties such as spectral albedo and bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)

• Snow albedo will be analyzed in dependence of BC concentrations,

• snow grain size, surface roughness and the variability of snow and sea ice thickness.

• The correlation between snow albedo changes and absorptive properties of BC will be evaluated.

Secondly,

BRDFs / surface albedo will serve as input for 3D RT simulations to quantify 3D radiative effects and their sensitivity on the retrieval of cloud and aerosol properties as well as the sensitivity on the radiative cooling or warming by Arctic clouds which in turn influences feedback mechanisms within the Arctic Amplification. Therefore additional measurements of cloud parameters are planned.

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OutlookSHIP-Emission (2018)d: Project topic and goals

• We quantify the geometrical evolution of different ship plumes in the Arctic marine boundary layer.

• We also estimate the emissions factors for various gaseous and particle pollutants and investigate the chemical transformation of the plume components during plume aging in the marine boundary layer.

• The aim is to better quantify / estimate the influence of ship activity in the Arctic for the environment.

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IAGOS Objectives

Ground-Based NetworksAERONET (AOD)ACTRIS (LIDAR)

Satellite Observations

A-Train, e.g. MODIS (AOD) CALIPSO

(LIDAR) EarthCARE (LIDAR)

• Routine atmospheric monitoring by instrumented passenger aircraft: in situ, long-term, global-scale

• Equipping up to 20 long-haul aircraft with scientific instruments for:

- atmospheric chemical composition- aerosol properties (number, size)- cloud particles

• Long-term deployment (20 years)

• Data provision for - Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service- validation of models and satellite retrievals- complementing routine monitoring networks

by combining ground-based, space-borne and airborne in-situ components

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Iagos P2c Aerosol package

IAGOS PIIc installed on board of A340-300

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BaltexTime Table

• Integration and Certification: 08th to 19th of June

• Integration before campaign: 17th to 21st of August

• Loading and customs declaration: 24th of August

• Campaign window (including ferry): 25th to 31st ofAugust

• De-integration: 1st to 3rd of September

Instruments

AWI: Basis data acquisition, Met sensor, radiation sensor, AIMMS20, SP2, UHSAS

EC Toronto: SO2 Sensor, N0X sensor, Ozon sensor

JGU Mainz: CO sensor, CO2 sensor, 2nd ozone sensor

MPI Mainz: ALABAMA

FZ Jülich: IAGOS aerosol rack

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Background Flight (4h)

Science flight 1-3

Ship emission fligts 2 and 3 (5 h each)

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Bornholm Lidar

Marine boundary layer profile of lidar backscatter signal (left, a.u.) andparticle number concentration (right).

1000

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Pre

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Pa]

Partilce Number Conccentration [cm-3 ]

M. Krämer, C. Rolf, IEK-7

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Lindenberg Transfer to Bhv.

500500

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heightCPC total]

OPC totalsig_ecpc_nonvolNon vol/total

m1/ml]

1/100mlmMm-1

1/ml

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P2e insight

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IAGOS InstrumentationDevelopment of P2e

Instruments:

• CAPS-PmEx

• CAPS-NO2

• OPC (GRIMM type 1.129)

• Weight: 32kg

• Power Consumption: 28V / 7A