MitosisType of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the

same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus

Essence Perry

● Occurs only in "somatic" or body cells● Large cells have difficulty transporting enough nutrients

across their membrane● Cells are limited in size by their SURFACE AREA and

VOLUME ratio● Reproduce cells● Repair damaged cells● Growth ● Development ● Aging● Clotting

Purpose of Mitosis

● Cell is in a resting phase

● Performing “normal”cell functions

● DNA replicates (copies)

● Organelles double in number: to prepare for division

1. Interphase

● Chromatids visible ● Centrioles migrate to

the poles● Nuclear membrane

and nucleolus disappears

● Spindle fibers form

2. Prophase

● Chromosomes line up along the equator

● Chromosome pairs attach to spindle fibers

3. Metaphase

● Chromatids separate and move to opposite poles (ends of cells)

● Sister chromatids split

4. Anaphase

● Chromosomes disappear (becoming chromatin) rods to threads

● Nuclear membrane reforms

● Nucleolus reappears● Spindle disappears● Centrioles duplicate● Mitosis ends

5. Telophase

● Division of the cytoplasm ● Form 2 new daughter cells● Organelles are divided● Daughter cells are genetically

identical● Cells return to interphase● Cytokinesis takes two forms,

depending on the cell…

6. Cytokinesis

Plants: ● New Cell Wall forms

between the two new cells

Animals: ● Cell pinches inward and

then splits into two

6.2 Cytokinesis

Vocabulary Cancer – cells lose the ability to control growth and continue to divide.G1 –phase of the cell cycle after cell division, growth and daily life S Phase –Replication or synthesis of DNA and associated proteins that happens before cells divide.G2 –Phase of the cell cycle when cells prepare for cell division by making more organelles and cytoplasm.Chromosome –Thread like structure within the nucleus containing genetic information. Made of DNA coiled around proteins.Chromatid –half of a duplicated chromosome. One of two “sister” parts, makes half of the “X”Centromere –area where sister chromatids of a chromosome attach.Centriole –tiny microtubule structure located in the cytoplasm that helps create the spindle fibers.Spindle –helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis. Fan shaped structure made of microtubules.