Mixing Water for Concrete

Mixing Water for Concrete

Mixing Water for Concrete

Typical Water Analyses, ppm

Chemicals City water

Seawater

Silica (SiO2) 0 to 25 —

Iron (Fe) 0 to 0.2 —

Calcium (Ca) 1 to 100 50 to 480

Magnesium (Mg)

0 to 30 260 to 1410

Sodium (Na) 1 to 225 2190 to 12,200

Potassium (K) 0 to 20 70 to 550

Bicarbonate (HCO3)

4 to 550 —

Sulfate (SO4) 2 to 125 580 to 2810

Chloride (Cl) 1 to 300 3960 to 20,000

Nitrate (NO3) 0 to 2 —

Total dissolved solids

20 to 1000

35,000

Mixing Water for Concrete

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Mixing Water for Concrete

Acceptance Criteria for Questionable Water Supplies

LimitsTest

method

Compressive strength, minimum

percentage of control at 7 days

90

ASTM C 109 or AASHTO T 106

Time of set, deviation from control, hr:min.

from 1:00 earlier to 1:30 later

ASTM C 191 or AASHTO T 131

ASTM C 94 or AASHTO M 157

Mixing Water for Concrete

Chemical Limits for Mixing Water

Chemical or type of construction

Concentration, Max.

ppmTest

method

Chloride, as Cl ASTM D 512

Prestressed concrete or concrete in bridge decks

500

Other reinforced concrete containing aluminum or dissimilar metals or galvanized metal forms

1,000

Sulfate, as SO4 3,000 ASTM D 516

Alkalies, as (Na2O + 0.658 K2O)

600

Total solids 50,000 AASHTO T 26

ASTM C 94 or AASHTO M 157

Mixing Water for Concrete

ACI 318 Limits for Chloride Ion Content in Concrete

Prestressed concrete 0.06% Reinforced concrete exposed

to chloride in service 0.15% Reinforced concrete that will

be dry or protected from

moisture in service 1.00% Other reinforced concrete

construction 0.30%

Mixing Water for Concrete

Acid Waters

Mixing Water for Concrete

Wash Water

Mixing Water for Concrete

Video

Water