mixtures, concentration, & solubility. what is a mixture? two or more different substances...
TRANSCRIPT
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Mixtures, Concentration, & Solubility
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What is a Mixture?
• Two or more different substances combined together
• What are some examples of mixtures you can think of?
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The properties of a mixture can vary because the composition of the mixture is not fixed.• Can you give an example of a mixture that
might vary due to the composition?
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Types of Mixtures
• Heterogeneous –a mixture where the parts are noticably different
• Homogeneous – a mixture where the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture
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What type of mixture is this?
• http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/CaesarSalad3.jpg
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What type of mixture is this?
• http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.simplyrecipes.com/photos/fresh-tomato-salsa
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What type of mixture is this?
• http://www.google.com/
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What type of mixture is this?
• www.google.com/
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What type of mixture is this?
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What type of mixture is this?
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What is a solution?
• The mixture that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture.
• What are some examples of solution?
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What is a solute?
A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution
What are some examples?
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What is a solvent?
• A substance in which a solute dissolves.
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What do you think it means when I say, “Concentration of a solution.”• The concentration of a solution is the amount
of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent
• Give me an example of a concentrated solution.
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Units of concentration
• Grams of solute100 cm3 of solvent
Or gms/100cm3
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Example:John dissolved 15 grams of iced tea mix in 55 cm3 of water. What is the concentration of the iced tea?
15 gms X 100 = 27.3 gms/100cm3
55 cm3
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What is solubility?
The maximum amount of solute that normally dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature.
What does this mean?
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Solubility curve of Salt and Sugar
How much sugar can be dissolved at 40˚C?
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What types of solutions can be made?
Unsaturated solution: A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.
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For sugar, where would the unsaturated solution be for 60˚C?
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Saturated Solution: A solution that contains as much solute as a solvent can normally hold at a given temperature.
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For salt: Where would a saturated solution be located at 80˚C?
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Supersaturated solution: A solution that contains more solute than the solvent can normally hold at a given temperature.
Can be made by increasing the temperature and then slowly cooling it down
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They are unstable solutions
Can make a precipitate (a solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture.) – so some comes back out of solution.
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Where would supersaturation be located on this graph for sugar?