MM questions

Materials Management

1. In which of the following cases can you define scales for the condition type a. Purchase orderb. Contractc. Info recordd.Vendore. Quotationf. Scheduling agreement

2. What is meant by one-time vendor? You can create special master records for vendors from whom you only procure a material once or very rarely. These are called one-time vendor master records and, in contrast to other master records, you can use a vendor master record for several vendors. Therefore, no vendor-specific data is stored for one-time vendors. You can control this using the relevant field selection for account groups for one-time vendors. When you create a purchasing or accounting document using a one-time vendor, the system automatically branches to an additional data screen on which you enter specific data, such as the vendor’s name, address, or bank details. If an RFQ or a PO is sent to a one-time vendor, the vendor data must be entered manually.

3. How do you control the use of Valuation class per material Type? A. By valuation categoryB. by Account groupC. by Account assignment CategoryD. by Material Group

Valuation category Criterion for the separate valuation of different stocks of a material managed under a single material number.

Reasons for "split valuation" may include:

Quality Batch Degree of purity Use or non-use in promotions

Account group Attributes which determine the creation of master records. The account group determines:

The data that is relevant for the master record A number range from which numbers are selected for the master records. An account group must be assigned to each master record.

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Account assignment Category Consumable materials debit different account assignment objects depending on the account assignment category specified. The account assignment category determines which category of account assignment is to be debited and which account assignment data you have to prepare. Examples of account assignment categories include: Asset Cost center Cost object G/L account

4. With which master data the account group is useda. Vendor masterb. Material Masterc. Info recordd. Outline agreement

5. What determines whether a material can be posted to a stock?a. Material typeb. Material groupc. Material Statusd. MRP controllersMRP controllers The person responsible for a group of materials within MRP in a plant or company. Any material that takes part in material requirements planning must be assigned to an MRP controller. Material Status Indicator in a material master record that restricts the usability of a material. You can restrict the usability of a material for certain functions, for example, by assigning it the status "test part." Tables are used to define how the system is to respond in individual applications, for example, with an error message or a warning, in the case of unpermitted use of a material. You can define the material status for all plants (basic data view), or separately for each plant (plant view).

6. What does the account assignment category U stands for? When can we use this account assignment category?If you do not know the account assignment object for which the consumable material is being procured when the requirement coverage request is created, you can use account assignment category U in the purchase requisition. The system does not require any further details about the account assignment for the relevant item in the purchase requisition.

7. What is the purpose of Collective number in RFQ?You can link a number of RFQs that belong together with the help of the collective number. The collective number can have a maximum of ten characters and can be alphanumeric.

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8. What is release order? What is the difference between the release order and Purchase order?A release order is a purchase order that references a contract. Contracts are outline agreements. They do not contain details of the delivery dates for each of the items. To inform vendors of which quantities you need for which date, you enter contract release orders for a contract.

9. What is distributed contract and Centralized ContractDistributed contracts are centrally agreed contracts that are created in one R/3 system and made available to other R/3 systems for the issue of release orders. They are distinguished from normal contracts by the use of a separate agreement type.

Items of a Centralized contract do not relate to just one specific receiving plant.

10. At which Organization levels is info record keptA. P. org levelb. Plantc. Company coded. Client

11. What are the preconditions for automatically generated delivery schedule lines?A particular advantage of working with scheduling agreements is that delivery schedule lines can be generated automatically by the MRP system provided that certain prerequisites are fulfilled:

The scheduling agreement must be uniquely defined as the source of supply

Automatically generated schedule lines must be allowed via the source list (MRP indicator 2)

Automatically generated schedule lines must be allowed in the MRP system

12. When do normally use Account assignment category K? And why?K (cost center). When procuring consumable materials.

13. At which level Purchase requisitions are releasedPurchase Organization

14. At which level Purchase orders are releasedPurchase Organization

15. What is item category and give some two examplesThe item category defines the process used to procure a material or service. Standard: You use this item category for materials that are procured externally.

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Subcontracting: The finished product is ordered from a vendor. The components that the vendor needs to manufacture the finished product are entered as „material to be provided “ items.

Consignment: The vendor makes material available, which you then manage as consignment stock. A liability only arises when material is withdrawn from consignment stock, not when the stock is placed in the consignment stores.

Stock transport orders: The material is transferred from one plant to another.

Third-party order: You order material from a vendor with the instruction that the vendor should deliver the goods direct to a third party (a customer, for example). The vendor sends your company the material invoice.

16. What are release codes in release procedure? Two-character identifier with which a person responsible for processing a document can release (approve) an item of a purchase requisition, a complete purchase requisition, or a complete external purchasing document, or cancel such release (that is, revoke a previously granted approval). If a link to SAP Business Workflow has been defined for the release code, the person involved can also refuse to effect release (withhold approval), thus rejecting the relevant item or document.

17. For a normal PO briefly explain the determination of Release Strategy The release conditions (or criteria) determine which release strategy applies. To be able to work with the release procedure with classification, you must create a release class with characteristics in addition to making the other Customizing settings. You set up a release class with characteristics via the classification system.

The communication structures CEBAN (for purchase requisitions) and CEKKO (for external purchasing documents) contain all the fields that can be defined as release characteristics.

All release conditions must be defined as classification characteristics. Part of the characteristic definition is a link to a field of the communication structures CEBAN or CEKKO

You group together all characteristics that you wish to use in release strategies for purchase requisitions or external purchasing documents in a class. The class must be assigned to the class type 032. You can define a class for purchase requisitions, a class for external purchasing documents, and a class for service entry sheets. The release class is assigned to the release object in Customizing (1 = purchase requisition, 2 = external purchasing documents, 3 = service acceptance).

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18. What is true in the following for blocked stock and GR blocked stockA. Blocked is valuated and GR is non ValuatedB. Blocked is non- valuated and GR is valuatedc. Both are valuatedd. Both are non-valuated

19. What is document type for Stock Transport Orders and what are the Prerequisites for transferring stock between two plants?a. Plant to Plantb. Storage Location to Storage Location1. Change Stock Type2. Batch Number3. Material Number

20. What is the effect of a goods receipt?a. Both the stock and Quantity gets updatedb. Only Value gets updatedc. Only quantity gets updated. None of the above

21. When is the Delivery completed indicator automatically set in Purchase order?a. Once all the quantities are deliveredb. Once all the quantities are invoiced c. Both d. None of the above

22. Write any two differences between Pipeline Procurement and Standard procurementNo Inventory Management and No Physical InventoryAvailable in any quantityNo purchasing, no MRPCost are updated in Production Order

23. Can we have different output type for the same Document? Yes NO

24. What are the possible ways of assigning a printer?a. P. group / User parameters/b. P. group/ Material Groupc. P. group / Material Typed. P. Group/P, org

25. On which levels you can valuate your materialsPlantCompany

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Your choice of valuation level affects the following: Maintenance of material master records G/L accounts in which material stocks are managed

If material stocks are valuated at company code level, all plant stocks of a material are managed in a joint stock account for each company code.

If material stocks are valuated at plant level, the material stocks for each plant can be managed in different accounts. You can define a separate account determination for each plant.

G/L accounts to which transactions are posted in Materials Management

26. What is the purpose of Account Grouping Code?The account group is a classifying feature within vendor master records. The account group determines: the number interval for the account number of the vendor whether the number is assigned by the user or by the system Which specifications are necessary and/or possible in the master record.

27. BSX and GBB stand for?The transaction keys are used to determine accounts or posting keys for line items which are created automatically by the system. The transaction keys are defined in the system and cannot be changed by the user.GBB Offsetting entry for inventory postingBSX Inventory postingT-code: OBYC

28. Can you assign more than one valuation class to a single material number? NO

29. What enables us to valuate import and domestic materials differently?Split valuation

30. Accounting entries in the following casesGR in the case of Standard Price

Stock AccountGR/IR AccountVendor Account

GR in the case of Moving average priceStock AccountGR/IR AccountVendor Account

GR in the case of price difference between material master price and PO price and Material is in S

Stock AccountGR/IR AccountPrice difference expense/revenue

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GR in the case of price difference between material master price and PO price and Material is in V

Stock AccountGR/IR AccountPrice difference Account

35. What are the accounting entries in the case of Transferring material Between Storage locations of the same plant????

36. What is Gross Posting and Net posting?Gross:  If you post the gross amount of an invoice, the R/3 System ignores the cash discount amount when you enter the invoice; it posts the cash discount amount to a “cash discount” account at the time of payment. Therefore, the cash discount amount is not credited to the stock or cost account.  Net:  If you post the net amount of an invoice, the R/3 System posts the cash discount amount from a cash discount clearing account to the stock or cost account. The cash discount clearing account is cleared at the time of payment.

37. I do Invoice Reduction normally in the case of a. Mistake in price made by meb. Mistake made by vendorc. Mistake in price made y customerd. None of the above

38. During LIV under what circumstances the system generates two Accounting documents?????39. What is the Subsequent credit memo used for? An invoice must be entered as a subsequent debit if a purchase order item has already been invoiced and further costs are incurred.  You must enter a credit memo as a subsequent credit if a purchase order item was invoiced at too high a price and now you have received a credit memo.

40. How we can post unplanned delivery costAmong the items or post the costs to a separate G/L account.  If the R/3 System distributes unplanned delivery costs among the items, it treats them in the same way as price differences.

 If the R/3 System posts unplanned delivery costs to a separate G/L account, they do not appear in the purchase order history.

41. What are the ways in which I can Post the unplanned delivery cost

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If unplanned costs are apportioned among the purchase order items, the offsetting entry is made to the respective stock account or cost account for the individual items, or to a price differences account.

42. What is ERS and when do we use that In Evaluated Receipt Settlement (ERS), goods receipts are settled directly without the vendor having to issue an invoice. The R/3 System uses information from the purchase order and the goods receipt. The system creates a message record at the time of settlement, which allows you to send the vendor a letter about the settlement. ERS is defined for each purchase order item. You can use ERS only if it is defined for the PO vendor in the vendor master record. If a purchase order item is to be settled automatically, goods-receipt-based Invoice Verification must also be active for the item.

43. What is stochastic block?Procedure for checking invoices. In stochastic blocking, the system blocks invoices for payment at random. The higher the invoice value, the higher the probability of it being stochastically blocked.

44. What is one step and two steps transfer process. One step: Posting procedure for physical stock transfers from storage location to storage location or from plant to plant. When using the one-step procedure, you only have to record one transaction in the system to post the removal from storage at the point of issue and placement into storage at the point of receipt. The system creates just one material document for a stock transfer.Two step: Posting procedure for physical stock transfers from storage location to storage location or from plant to plant. With this procedure, it is possible to monitor the stock affected by the transfer since it is designated as "in transfer" at the receiving point and administered as such in the system.

45. During a two-step process will value and stock be in transit or only stock be in transit or only value in transitInvolving valuation stock: stockInvolving no valuation stock: stock & value

46. Total shelf life – 6 months Minimum remaining shelf life is - 4 months Production date during the GR is 01. 01. 2003

Calculate the remaining shelf life - Will the system accept this GR or not -

47. Difference between the accounting entries of a normal GI and Pipeline item GI

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A pipeline withdrawal has the following effects: Stock levels are not changed Consumption is updated A pipeline liability towards the vendor is incurred, which must be accounted for and settled on a periodic basis.

48. How do you create returns PO - what will be the Accounting entries in the case of GRFor returns to vendor, you do not have to reference the preceding document with which the material you are returning was procured.

49. For an Account assigned PO where from the GL accounts are determineda. From OBYCb. From Account assignment in POc. From Bothd. None of the above

50. Can we update the prices of Info record from Purchase order – If yes how?? If no what will get updated in the info recordPurchasing info records determine the prices suggested in purchasing documents in two ways:Conditions: Conditions are included if they have been maintained for an info record manually or from a quotation.Last purchase order: If an info record does not contain any conditions, the system reads the number of the last purchasing document in the info record and then suggests the price from this document.

51. What is Entry AIDS of Account Determination? Where this is useful

52. How an account determination happens with the help of Valuation class – Brief. The valuation class has the following functions: Allows the stock values of materials of the same material type to be posted to different G/L accounts.

Allows the stock values of materials of different material types to be posted to the same G/L account.

Determines together with other factors the G/L accounts updated for a valuation-relevant transaction (such as a goods movement).

53. What is important in the case of Blanket Orders?a. Account assignment categoryb. Purchasing Groupc. Purchasing Orgd. Validity Period

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54. What is M and W in contracts?M: Quality contractW: Value contract

55. Can M and W can be used in Purchase orders and Scheduling AgreementsNO

56. Briefly explain the process of consignment? The vendor provides goods that are stored in consignment stores. The vendor remains owner of the material until you withdraw materials from the consignment stores.

The vendor is informed of material withdrawals on a regular basis. The quantity withdrawn is invoiced at certain time intervals. As a result of such withdrawals, the enterprise incurs a liability towards the vendor. Such liabilities are settled periodically.

57. Can you use different movement types in one material document?NO

58. You have posted a wrong quantity at GR. How do you rectify this?If the quantity is more than PO, a reversal action can be taken.If the quantity is less than PO, an additional GR can be taken.

59. How are goods movement documented in MM?Material doc:Account doc:CO doc:

60. Which of the following is not a planning run type?1. NETCH2. NETPL3. NEWPL4. NEUPLRegenerative planning (NEUPL): The system plans all materials which are included in the planning file irrespective of all indicators.Net change planning (NETCH): The system only plans those materials which are provided with the change indicator NETCH.Net change planning in the short-term planning horizon (NETPL): The system only plans those materials provided with the change indicator NETPL.

61. What is a planning file?File that contains a list of all the materials for which a change relevant to requirements planning has occurred and that are therefore automatically flagged for planning.

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If such a change has taken place, the entry in the planning file is carried out automatically.Each flagged material is taken into account and planned in the next planning run.

62. What determines whether a material is to be included in the total planning run?The indicator in the planning files entry.

63. Which option do you have in releasing an invoice manually?QDPI

64. Are accounting documents created for the following postings?a. Transfer posting from material to material (Y)b. Material type ROH, GR for PO posted to stock (Y)c. Transfer posting from plant to plant in one step (Y)d. Transfer posting from plant to plant in two steps: Removal from stock

If the plants belong to different valuation areas, an accounting document is created parallel to the material document for the removal from storage, because the stock is transferred from one plant into another.

65. What is a firming type in MRP?The firming type determines how procurement proposals are to be firmed and scheduled within the planning time fence during the planning run.Planning time fence: You can protect procurement proposals from any automatic changes to master schedule items in the near future by using the planning time fence. Within the planning time fence, the system does not automatically change procurement proposals during the planning run. That is particularly useful for MPS.Outside of the planning time fence, procurement proposals are created as usual in the planning run. When these procurement proposals move into the planning time fence, they are firmed automatically depending on the setting of the firming type. The system always calculates the end date of the planning time fence dynamically starting from the planning date.

66. What is a Planning horizon in MRP?The planning horizon is the period that is set for the "net change planning in the planning horizon." For this type of net change planning, only those materials are planned in the planning run that have a change relevant to MRP within the period (in work days).The length of the planning horizon should at least include the following: period in which customer orders enter

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delivery times complete material processing time Net change planning: Materials planning run, whereby only those materials are planned which have undergone a change relevant to materials planning since the last planning run.

67. What is the movement type for Goods receipt into Warehouse?a. 101b. 561c. 321d. 343

68. What is the transaction code invoice posting?MIRO

69. What is the difference between the transaction code MB5B and MMBE?MB5B: Stock MovementMMBE: Stock Overview

70. What is the purpose of reconciliation account?G/L account, to which transactions in the subsidiary ledgers, (such as in the customer, vendor or assets areas), are automatically updated.It is generally the case that several sub ledger accounts post to a common reconciliation account. This ensures that the developments in the sub ledger accounts are accurately reflected in the general ledger (i.e. in line with balance sheet conventions).

71. Which of the following is not taken into consideration by the SAP R/3 system during vendor comparison?a. Basic priceb. Discountsc. Taxesd. Freight

72. Can the Info record be updated from quotation?Yes

73. What does the term ‘parking the invoice’ mean? Parked data of a vendor invoice saved in the SAP System using the "Park Incoming Invoice" function.

You park invoice documents if: Important information for posting the invoice document is still missing (in this case, the balance may not be zero for example) The business process of invoice entry is performed in several steps (by both clerks responsible purely for invoice entry and by invoice verification staff for instance)

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When parking documents, you must populate at least the following fields: Document date Invoicing party Vendor Account assignment objects

The following updates take place: Document changes are logged Data for advance tax returns Index for duplicate invoice check Vendor open items PO history

Parked invoice documents can later be changed, completed, deleted, or posted. However, they can no longer be put "on hold".

a) Define the impact of tolerances at GR?Limit up to which invoice variances are accepted by the system without query. If the tolerance limit is exceeded, the relevant items are blocked and payment cannot be effected.

74．What is the difference between MRP list and Stock requirement list?The MRP list displays the result of the last planning run. Changes that have occurred between planning runs are ignored in the MRP list. In contrast to this, the system displays all changes in stock, receipts and issues, which have currently occurred, in the stock/requirements list. By using the MRP list and stock/requirements list comparison, you can compare these two evaluations with each other. This means that you can compare the situation at the time of the last planning run with the current stock/requirements situation.

75．What does the term ‘source of supply’ mean? Name them. Procurement option for a material.A source of supply can be an external source (vendor) or an internal one

(for example, a firm's own plant). The preferred source at any one time can be determined by the system on

the basis of quota arrangements, source list records, outline agreements (longer-term purchase arrangements) or info records that have been defined for the material.

76．Identify the movement type for a reversal and return to the vendor.

77．Briefly explain the physical inventory process. 1) Physical Inventory Preparation

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a) Create a physical inventory document.b) Blocking Materials for Postingc) Print and distribute the physical inventory document.

2) Physical Inventory Counta) The stocks are counted for individually for the materials in a

physical inventory document. b) The count results are written on the printout of the physical

inventory document. c) The printout is then directed back to the person responsible, so that

he or she can enter the count into the system and analyze it.3) Physical Inventory Analysis

a) Entering the count results in the systemb) Initiating a recount (optional)c) Posting inventory differences

78．List all the stock types. The storage location stock and special stocks on a company's own premises are subdivided into three different types: Unrestricted-use stock Stock in quality inspection Blocked stock

Special stocks with the vendor or customer are subdivided into two different stock types: Unrestricted-use stock Stock in quality inspection

If batch status management is active, a further stock type is supported: "restricted-use stock".

80. Which of the following is a time-independent condition?a) Info recordb) POc) Contractd) Scheduling agreement

81. Which of the following is not true of contracts?e) Contract can be created with or w/o reference to a POf) Delivery dates and quantities are mentionedg) Validity period is mentionedh) Special item-categories M and W can be used

82. What are Firm and trade-off zones in scheduling agreement?Rolling delivery schedules created under scheduling agreements are divided into different time zones indicating the degree to which the lines of the schedule are binding. You can define the following time zones: Firm zone (zone 1) (go-ahead for production).

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The schedule lines within this zone count as firm and thus as fully binding. If you cancel a schedule line that falls within the firm zone, the vendor is entitled to charge you with both production costs and the costs of procuring input materials incurred by him as a result of the cancellation.

Trade-off zone (zone 2) (go-ahead for procurement of input materials)This is the "semi-firm" zone, giving the vendor the go-ahead to procure necessary input materials to manufacture the item ordered. If you cancel a schedule line within this semi-firm zone, the vendor is only entitled to charge you the material costs. Schedule lines falling within this time zone are thus less binding than those falling within the firm zone.

Planning zone (zone 3) (forecast)All schedule lines that lie beyond the first two zones (that is, delivery is tentatively scheduled for quite a long way into the future) fall within the planning zone.

The firm and trade-off zones are printed out in the schedule for the user’s information. For each schedule line that falls within a certain zone, it is assumed that the relevant material is procured in accordance with the conditions that apply to this zone (e.g. schedule lines falling within the firm zone are fully binding).

83. At what level is physical inventory is carried out?a. Plant levelb. Storage location levelc. Pur. org leveld. Company code level 84. What is meant by a Client in SAP R/3 system?A grouping or combination of legal, organizational, business and/or administrative units with a common purpose.

85. Name the essential organizational elements in MM. Client, Company code, plant, purchasing organization, purchasing group

86. What views have to be maintained in Vendor master to create PO?General:

AddressControl

87. How can you assign different delivery dates to a PO item?Assign each item a delivery date.

88. What is the purpose of Lot-sizing procedure?

The system determines material shortages for requirement dates in the net requirements calculation. These shortage quantities must now be covered

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by receipts. The system calculates the receipt quantity in the lot-size calculation which is carried out during the planning run. You specify how the system is to determine the lot size by selecting one of the lot-sizing procedures in the material master record.

Three groups of procedures exist for calculating the lot size: In the static lot-sizing procedures, the lot size is calculated using only the entered quantities in the material‘s master record. The period lot-sizing procedures groups together requirements from one or several periods to form a lot. The optimum lot-sizing procedures groups requirements from several periods together to form a lot, whereby an optimum cost ratio is determined between lot size independent costs and storage costs.

89. What are account assignment objects? Name a few.

90. Stocks are stored at storage location level on a. Value basisb. Quantity basisc. Value and quantity basisd. None

91. What are Condition tables and Access sequences?Condition table: A condition table consists of one or more condition keys and a data part. The data part contains a number that references a record in another table. The latter table contains the condition records.Access sequence: An access sequence is a search strategy by means of which the system searches for valid records in various condition tables. It consists of one or more accesses. The sequence of accesses controls the priority of the individual condition records among each other. Through the accesses, the system is told where to look first and where to look next for a valid condition record in each case.Calculation schema: A calculation schema groups together all condition types that play a part in calculating the price. It sets out the order in which the condition types are taken into account in the calculation.Condition types: Condition types represent price factors in the system. There are condition types for absolute and percentage discounts, freight costs, customs duties, or taxes, for example. Via the condition type, you specify how the price factor is calculated (e.g. percentage or absolute amount).

92. What does ABC analysis mean?Procedure to determine the importance of an object.You perform an ABC analysis to classify objects according to specific criteria or performance measures. Each object is assigned one of the following three indicators: A: important B: less important

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C: relatively unimportant An object can be a material, a vendor, or a plant.ABC analyses are used in Materials Management, Plant Maintenance, Cost Accounting, the Logistics Information System and ABAP Query.

93. Gine the transactions codes for the followinga. To view material listb. Goods against orderc. Releasing blocked invoiced. To view PO historye. Invoice verification 94. In which master data is schedule line activated?Scheduling Agreement delivery schedule

95. What does Invoice reduction mean? Briefly explain how it is done. When there is a discrepancy between the invoice quantities or values and the system suggested quantity or value, invoice reduce can be used to create a memo to credit the difference.

96. What is an Invoice plan? Give an example. List of dates on which invoices for purchase order items covering materials or services are to be maintained and paid.The invoicing plan permits extensive automation of the process of creating and paying invoices for both recurring procurement transactions (such as rental or leasing payments) and transactions involving settlement in stages (such as payment regarding the individual phases of a building project as they are completed).

97. What does Random blocking of Invoice mean?You can block invoices at random to check them again. If the stochastic block is active and you post an invoice that is not subject to any other blocking reason, it can be randomly selected for blocking.

A stochastic block is not set at item level, but for the whole invoice. If a stochastic block is set when you post the invoice, the system automatically sets an R in the field Payment block in the document header data; there is no blocking indicator in the individual items.

98. Describe the following material typesa. FERT -b. ROH -c. HALB -d. HAWA -

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99. Briefly explain Re-order point planning. Special procedure in materials planning.If the reorder point is greater than warehouse stock, a procurement proposal is created by MRP.If the stock falls below this quantity, the system flags the material for requirements planning by creating a planning file entry.100. What are the various planning levels in MRP?

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