MOBILE USES IN COLLEGEs

Presented by:Group 3, BBA 3rd year

Anchor faculty: Prof. Sri Kumar

IntroductionHistory of CellphonesCellphone featuresUse of CellphonesAn Introduction to the mobile market in IndiaHistory of mobiles in IndiaMobile phone scenario todayBehavior of the mobile manufacturing during last 5 years Market share of different mobile companiesResult of the survey undertaken in hostelQuestionnaireConclusionBibliography

PLAN OF PRESENTATION

Introduction:

A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell phone, and a hand phone) is a device that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short range of a single, private base station.

Cell phone technology is based on radio technology that was developed in the 1940s. The first official mobile phone was used by the Swedish police and resembled two-way radio technology. In addition, the phone could only make 6 phone calls before the car’s battery was drained.More modern cell phone technology started when an engineer at Bell Lab came up with the idea of cell towers that would transmit and receive signals in multiple directions.

HISTORY OF CELLPHONES

The electronics that were used in the first cell phones were developed in the 1960s and mobile phone users had to stay within one cell area. Then in 1970, Amos Edward Joel developed the call handoff system, which was a technology that facilitated phone calls from one area to another that wouldn’t drop. Most of the time, these phones were installed in vehicles because of the large battery requirements.  The MTA (Mobile Telephone System A), available in Sweden, weighed over 80 pounds! Later versions weighed about 20 pounds.

OLD CELLPHONE

Cell phones today have advanced entirely. Not only have cell phones gotten lighter (3 ounces), but they also are cheaper and more efficient. Reception areas are no longer an issue, for they are found worldwide. New technologies including, home-to-cell phone portability and wireless numbers make wireless technology dominant.Cell phones have also come a long way since the heavy package you have to charge in your car. Cell phones are now pocket-sized and their uses and features go beyond phone calls. You can now surf the web, save files, send emails and take pictures all by the devise in the palm of your hands.

NEW CELLPHONE

All mobile phones have a number of features in common, but manufacturers also try to differentiate their own products by implementing additional functions to make them more attractive to consumers. This has led to great innovation in mobile phone development over the past 20 years.

The common components found on all phones are:-A battery, providing the power source for the phone functions.

An input mechanism to allow the user to interact with the phone. The most common input mechanism is a keypad, but touch screens are also found in some high-end smartphones. A screen which echoes the user's typing, displays text messages, contacts and more. Basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages. All GSM phones use a SIM card to allow an account to be swapped among devices. Some CDMA devices also have a similar card called a R-UIM.

FEATURES

Text messaging The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging.

The first SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993.

The first mobile news service, delivered via SMS, was launched in Finland in 2000, and subsequently many organizations provided "on-demand" and "instant" news services by SMS.

SIM card GSM feature phones require a small microchip called a Subscriber

Identity Module or SIM Card, to function. The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage stamp and is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit. The SIM securely stores the service-subscriber key (IMSI) and the Ki used to identify and authenticate the user of the mobile phone. The SIM card allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and inserting it into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device.

The first SIM card was made in 1991 by Munich smart card maker Giesecke & Devrient for the Finnish wireless network operator Radiolinja.

USE OF CELL PHONESSome people carry more than one cell phone for different purposes, such as for business and personal use. Multiple SIM cards may also be used to take advantage of the benefits of different calling plans—a particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-distance calls, international calls, or roaming. The mobile phone has also been used in a variety of diverse contexts in society, for example:

A study by Motorola found that one in ten cell phone subscribers have a second phone that often is kept secret from other family members. These phones may be used to engage in activities including extramarital affairs or clandestine business dealings.

Some organizations assist victims of domestic violence by providing mobile phones for use in emergencies. They are often refurbished phones.

The advent of widespread text messaging has resulted in the cell phone novel; the first literary genre to emerge from the cellular age via text messaging to a website that collects the novels as a whole.[

Mobile telephony also facilitates activism and public journalism being explored by Reuters and Yahoo! and small independent news companies such as Jasmine New in Sri Lanka.

The United Nations reported that mobile phones have spread faster than any other technology and can improve the livelihood of the poorest people in developing countries by providing access to information in places where landlines or the Internet are not available, especially in the least developed countries. Use of mobile phones also spawns a wealth of micro-enterprises, by providing work, such as selling airtime on the streets and repairing or refurbishing handsets.[

In Mali and other African countries, people used to travel from village to village to let friends and relatives know about weddings, births and other events, which are now avoided within mobile phone coverage areas, which is usually greater than land line penetration.

The TV industry has recently started using mobile phones to drive live TV viewing through mobile apps, advertising, social TV, and mobile TV. 86% of Americans use their mobile phone while watching TV.

In parts of the world, mobile phone sharing is common. It is prevalent in urban India, as families and groups of friends often share one or more mobiles among their members. There are obvious economic benefits, but often familial customs and traditional gender roles play a part. It is common for a village to have access to only one mobile phone, perhaps owned by a teacher or missionary, but available to all members of the village for necessary calls.

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE MOBILE MARKET IN INDIA

15 years ago, having a mobile phone was considered a luxury, but now it is a very common commodity. Just look around and you will see someone talking on a mobile phone. This device has become an integral part of our life. It is very interesting to see how the mobile handset market has evolved from ten years before to what it is now. What is even more interesting is how competition plays a very important role in determining the market condition today and tomorrow. Initially when Motorola introduced the mobile handset it was said that this device had a huge potential and that prediction has come true.

In this report we will be observing the present market share of companies producing mobile handsets, their marketing strategies, the market structure, and other such details.

HISTORY OF MOBILES IN INDIA

Mobiles were introduced by Motorola in India. They were extremely costly and hence, majority of the Indians could not afford them. It was completely a luxury good. But just like in the case of any other electrical appliance, the prices of mobiles fell as technology improved and competition emerged. In a few years other companies like Nokia, Sony Ericson, LG, and Samsung launched their products in India.

What followed was a huge war for market share, each company bringing in new models, newer technology, and reducing the prices of older models. This resulted in making mobiles affordable to a normal person in India.

MOBILE PHONE SCENARIO TODAY

First it was the t-phase (time phase), in which both the time and location used to be fixed. This phase was in early 19’s. Then came the e-phase (electronic phase) and everything was teased. But still the locations where you can use e-sources were fixed. Then came the m-phase (mobile phase) with the world of mobiles. And even the restriction on the location domain was put off. Now you can communicate and interact with the world anywhere anytime. This m-phase led to the development of the mobile handsets.

With 115.3 million forecasted mobile owners, INDIA ranks 3rd in the world behind only China and USA.

Indian mobile owners are increasing as a result of cheaper call rates, cheaper handsets and widespread availability of prepay lowering the barriers to ownership.(Even a rikshaw wala owns a mobile today )

Relatively low GDP combined with the popularity of prepay still exerts downward pressure on ARPU (average revenue per user) in India. 25-29 year olds spend the most, with ARPU at over $8 per calendar month.

The rising use of data services, particularly SMS, has stemmed ARPU decline in this age group. This is not the case among older users where ARPU is fast in decline, particularly among 35-39 year olds where we expect the greatest churn to post-paid contracts.

We are still sticking to the old concept of chatting. In early 19 century people used to sit in veranda and talk or there used to be live contact between people. Even today, we are still following the same concept. Only the level of technology used has changed and is changing.

Today in INDIA we have many companies in the mobile handset market. Some of them are listed below:

1. Nokia 2. Sony –Ericsson 3. Samsung 4. Apple 5. LG 6. HTC 7. Micromax 8.Motorola etc.

Behavior of the Mobile Manufacturing Industries during Last

5 Year

Analysis of the Above Graph

As can be observed from the graph of the market shares of different companies, the dominant company in the market today is SAMSUNG.

Starting from the October 2010, Nokia is leading the mobile industry, but somewhere in April - July 2011 the market shares of nokia suddenly fell down. During the same time there was a peak in the market shares of Samsung. But soon after Nokia recovered its market shares and stood again as the leading mobile manufacturing company in INDIA.

Nokia says the terrible figures are the result of a collapse in demand for its new handsets as consumers tighten their belts and retain their old mobiles for far longer than was the norm during the years of economic boom. The company has also been losing top-end consumers to the iPhone and RIM's re-invigorated Blackberry.

Market share of different mobile companies listed below:

Position Group Company Market Share

1 Nokia 38.2

2 Samsung 25.3

3 Micromax 6.3

4 Blackberry 4.7

5 Karbonn 4.3

6 HTC 3

7 Sony 3

8 Spice 2.5

9 Apple 2.5

10 LG 2.5

QUESTIONS

We ask some question to the students of some colleges( RIMS, Rourkela; Municipal collage, Rourkela; Ispat Auto. Collage, Rourkela) about their cellphones which are they used. The questions are given bellow:

QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS

1.Name of the student? 2.Class? 3.Phone Model? 4.Phone Features? 5.Basic Usage? 6.Normal bill per month? 7.Prepaid/Postpaid? 8.Since how long phone is being used? 9.Dual sim phone or two phones? 10.How much prolonged use of phone is harmful? 11.Without phone how much handicapped do you feel? Rank 1

to 10. 12.No. of phones in family? 13.Shall phones be banned in colleges? 14.Incomming v/s outgoing? 15.If asked, what features would you like to delete from your

phone?

QUESTIONS

Result Of The Survey Undertaken In Collages:

To analyze the behavior of mobile market, we took out a survey in our hostel, regarding, which mobile phones they use and are they satisfied with their mobile phones.

The outcome was that, indeed the NOKIA stood out as the most favored one. The good feature was its cost effectiveness and reliability. Most people said that it’s made for rough and tough use.

The second best mobile came out to be SAMSUNG. Its positive features were its cost effectiveness and sleek features. Mostly being young, most of the people were attracted to its eye catching designs.

These days the market of the so called china mobiles is growing, particularly in the lower economic section. A glimpse of this was being seen during the survey. The housekeepers mostly carry china mobile, mainly because it provides them with more features including some high tech features plus it falls in their budget. On the other hand, the students are not fond of these mobiles considering their reliability.

It was observed that mobiles produced by big brands like NOKIA, HTC, SAMSUNG etc. fall under the category of normal goods whereas the china mobiles and other cheap mobiles fall under the category of inferior goods as their demand decrease with increasing income.

CONCLUSION

In India, innovation in utility cell phone model that help bring efficiencies in a people's life will bring in sustained revenue and will be relatively more difficult to replicate by new entrants. While social and video apps are doing extremely well in India, it is time to look beyond these and deliver different apps that can have a sustained business model.

Bibliography

www.Wikipedia.co,in www.stats.getjar.com www.mymobile.comhttp://telecomtv.com/