mobilization on the home front - 25

8/7/2019 Mobilization on the Home Front - 25

1/14

Mobilization on

the Home Front

Chapter 25.1


2/14

Selective Service and the GI

5 Million Americansvolunteered to serve.

10 Million more weredrafted through theSelective Service Act

GI Government Issue

First used to describeweapons, clothing, etc. andlater used to describesoldiers.


3/14

Women join the Effort

Womens Auxiliary Army Corps(WAAC) Gen Marshall pushed for the creation of

the WAAC

Congress opposed! Who will do the cooking, the washing,

and the mending?

Silliest piece of legislation he had everseen

Think of the humiliation. What hasbecome of the manhood of America,that we have to call on our women to dowhat has ever been the duty of men?


4/14

Women join the Effort

13,000 womenapplied on the firstday applications

were available. 250,000 women

served in this andother auxiliarybranches during thewar.


5/14

Minorities Join the Effort

Why fight for

democracy for someforeign country

when we dont even

have it here?African American

Editorial

Just carve on mytombstone, Here lies ablack man killed fighting

a yellow man for theprotection of a white

man.


6/14

Minorities Join the Effort

Minorities realized that things might be

bad now, but how much worse might they

be under a fascist government? More than a million African-Americans

served during WWII.

They were in segregated units and limited to

mostly non-combat roles.

25,000 Native Americans joined the services,including 800 women.


7/14

Life on the Home Front

Factories transitioned frommaking consumer goods tomaking war materialsovernight.

Car plans built tanks andairplanes

Pencil factories made bombparts

Soft-drink companiesstopped filling bottles withcoke and started fillingbombs with gun powder.


8/14

The Sleeping Giant is Awoken

Prefabricated parts

make the

construction ofships fast!

1 Liberty Ship took4 days to construct


9/14

Labor Effort

Out of the 18

million workers in

war industries, 6

million werewomen.

Women got paid40% less than men

in the same jobs.

2 Million wereAfrican-Americans


10/14

Roosevelt Backs Down

A. Philip Randolph, aleading African-

American labor leader

organized a march onWashington to protest

discrimination in war

industries.

We loyal ColoredAmericans demandthe right to work and

fight for our country.


11/14

Mobilization of Scientists

Office of Scientific

Research and

Development(OSRD)

Penicillin

DDT


12/14

The Manhattan Project

National Committee

on Uranium

Einstein 3-5 yearsto produce an

atomic bomb.

Offices were

located in NYC


13/14

Internment of Japanese Americans

Presidential Order9066: All persons of

Japanese ancestrymust be relocated

to US InternmentCamps throughout

the US.


14/14

The Government Takes Control of the Economy

Agencies and Laws What the Regulations Did

National War Labor Board (NWLB) Limited wage increasesAllowed negotiated benefits such as paid vacations,pensions, and medical insurance.Kept unions stable by forbidding workers to changeunions.

Office of Price Administration (OPA) Fought inflation by freezing wages, prices, and rents.Rationed foods such as meat, butter, cheese,vegetables, sugar, and coffee.

War Production Board (WPB) Rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort suchas gasoline, heating oil, metals, rubber, and plastics.

Department of the Treasury Issued war bonds to raise money for the war effort andto fight inflation.

Revenue Act of 1942 Raised the top personal-income-tax rate to 90%Added lower- and middle-income Americans to theincome tax rolls.

Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act (1943) Limited the right to strike in industries crucial to the wareffort.

Gave the president power to take over striking plants.

mobilization on the home front - 25

Documents