modeling and analysis of centrifugal bloweriearj.com/upload/10-j. santhosh kumar.pdf · a...

INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL APPLIED RESEARCH JOURNAL (IEARJ)

Volume 03, Issue 08, Aug 2019

E-ISSN: 2456-6713

41 | P a g e

MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER

*J. Santhosh Kumar1, G. Sarath2, B. Siddeswara Rao3

1M.TECH Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brahmaiah College of Engineering, North Rajupalem,

Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India 524366.

2Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brahmaiah College of Engineering, North Rajupalem,

Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India 524366.

3Principal, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brahmaiah College of Engineering, North Rajupalem, Nellore,

Andhra Pradesh, India 524366.

Abstract: Centrifugal blowers are utilized extensively for on-board naval applications that have high noise levels. The noise

generated with a rotating component is principally because of random loading pressure around the blades and periodic iteration

of incoming air using the blades from the rotor. The Contemporary blades in naval applications comprise Aluminum or Steel and

generate noise that triggers disturbance to folks working close to the blower. The current work is aimed at observing the option of

E-Glass instead of metal for much better vibration control. E-Glass, recognized for their superior damping characteristics tend to

be more promising in vibration reduction when compared with metals. The modeling from the blower ended by solid works. It's

suggested to create blower with Epoxy glass, evaluate its strength and deformation using FEM technique. To be able to evaluate

the potency of E-Glass and metal blower using FEA packaged (ANSYS). Modal analysis is conducted on Aluminum and E-Glass

blower to discover first five natural frequencies.

Keywords: Blower design, E-Glass blower, noise levels, vibration control.

I. INTRODUCTION:

Blowers are one of the mechanisms used regularly in

submarines. They are installed in ventilation and air

conditioning systems in almost all submarine compartments.

Ventilation systems usually presented by central systems

include supply and exhaust fans, serve for ventilation of

accommodation and other than accommodation areas with

atmospheric air with simultaneous ventilation of storage

batteries and for air cooling and purification from harmful and

smelling impurities. Air conditioning systems are presented by

local, compartment group and single duct systems. These

systems are used to provide comfortable conditions in terms of

air temperature and humidity for the crew in accommodation

areas, air purification in galleys, provision rooms, and sanitary

areas and also for air mixing in compartments.

Fig. 1: Centrifugal Blower

1.1 TYPES:

The two most common types of Centrifugal Blowers are

1. Pressure Blowers

2. Volume Blowers.

1.2 CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER OPERATING

PRINCIPLE:

The centrifugal blower operating principle is similar to

centrifugal fan, but the pneumatic compaction process usually

passes several job impellers or several grades Carry on under

the at odds with the community or the leadership action of

force. The air blower has a high-speed trochanter rotated, the

blade at the trochanter drives the high-speed sports of air, the

centrifugal force makes the air flow into the air blower and

export along the involute in the chassis of the involute shape,

the high-speed air current has certain wind pressure. It is

supplemented that the new air is entered by the centre of the

chassis.

Also used to produce negative pressures for industrial vacuum

systems

1. Major types are centrifugal blower and positive-

displacement blower

2. The impeller is typically gear-driven and rotates as

fast as 15,000 rpm

3. Efficiency drops with multi-staging staging due to the

path taken from stage to stage

4. One characteristic is that airflow tends to drop

drastically as system pressure increases



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

42 | P a g e

5. Positive Positive-displacement displacement blowers

have rotors, which "trap" air and push it through

housing.

6. Positive-displacement blowers provide a constant

volume of air even if the system pressure varies. They

are especially suitable for applications prone to

clogging,

They turn much slower than centrifugal blowers (e.g. 3,600

rpm), and are often belt driven to facilitate speed changes.

1.3 CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER WORKS:

A centrifugal blower has several; fan blades that are mounted

around a hub, which turns on a driveshaft that goes directly

through the housing of the blower. The gas will penetrate from

the fan wheel side, than will turn 90 degrees and then will

accelerate. This process is possible because the centrifugal

force will flow over the fan blades and will exit through the fan

housing.

Fig. 2: working blowers

SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE OF PRESENT WORK:

The Contemporary blades in Centrifugal Blower used in naval

applications are made up of Aluminum or Steel. The objective

of present work is to design a Impeller of a Centrifugal blower

with four materials.

Which are:

Aluminum Alloy 1060

Graphite

Titanium

E-glass/Epoxy

BLOWER POWER CALCULATION:

Blowers can be categorized as either (1) positive displacement

blowers, which provide a constant volume of air at a wide range

of discharge pressures, or (2) centrifugal blowers, which

provide a wide range of flow rates over a narrow range of

discharge pressure (USEPA, 2010). Table 1 summarizes the

types of blowers in each category and provides information on

operation, air flow rates, advantages, and disadvantages

Metric unit – For volumetric air flow

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Table 1: Overview of blower types

Blower Type

Nominal

Blower

Efficiency

(%)

Nominal

Turndown

(% of rated

flow)

Positive displacement

(variable speed) 40-65 50

Multi-stage

centrifugal (inlet

throttled)

50-70 60

Multi-stage

centrifugal (variable

speed)

60-70 50

Single-stage

centrifugal, integrally

geared (with inlet

guide vanes and

variable diffuser

vanes)

70-80 45

Single-stage

centrifugal, gearless

(high speed turbo)

79-80 50

1.5 APPLICATIONS OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWERS:

Centrifugal blowers work for applications such as heating a

furnace with hot air where a large air volume is required to fill

the space. This includes:

Climate control

Cooling machinery

Dryers

Dust collectors

Exhausting gases and vapours

Filter installations

OPERATION:

Voltage and Power Selection:

1. The voltage, frequency and phase of the power supply

must be consistent with the motor nameplate rating.



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

43 | P a g e

a. The motor will operate satisfactorily on voltages

within 10% of the nameplate value or frequency

within 5%. The combined variation must not

exceed 10%.

2. The Allegro blowers are designed to operate from a

grounded, 115 VAC 60Hz single phase power source.

Fig. 1.3: Centrifugal blower with parts and dimensions

II. MODELING OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER:

2.1 INTRODUCTION OF SOLID WORKS:

2.1 THE SOLID WORKS SOFTWARE:

The Solid Works software is a mechanical design automation

application that takes advantage of the Microsoft® Windows®

graphical user interface. This software makes it possible for

designers to quickly sketch out ideas, experiment with features

and dimensions, and produce models and detailed drawings.

2.2 SOLIDWORKS FUNDAMENTALS:

Solid Works Fundamentals introduces you to the following

areas:

Concepts. Review the principal concepts found in the

SolidWorks software.

Terminology. List the common SolidWorks terms

used in the design process.

User interface. Describe the graphical user interface.

Design intent. Examine model design in the context

of the SolidWorks software.

Design method. Create a basic 3D model.

Model editing. Review multiple editing options.

SolidWorks resources. Describe the SolidWorks

resources.

CONCEPTS:

The SolidWorks software enables you to design models quickly

and precisely. SolidWorks designs are:

Defined by 3D design

Based on components

3D DESIGN:

Solid Works uses a 3D design approach. As you design a part,

from the initial sketch to the final model, you create a 3D entity.

From this 3D entity, you can create 2D drawings, or you can

mate different components to create 3D assemblies. You can

also create 2D drawings of 3D assemblies.

SKETCHES:

Creating a model begins with a sketch. From the sketch, you

can create features. You can combine one or more features to

make a part. Then, you can then combine and mate the

appropriate parts to create an assembly. From the parts or

assemblies, you can then create drawings.

A sketch is a 2D profile or cross section. To create a 2D sketch,

you use a plane or a planar face. In addition to 2D sketches, you

can also create 3D sketches that include a Z axis, as well as the

X and Y axes.

There are various ways of creating a sketch. All sketches

include the following elements:

• Origin

• Planes

• Dimension

• Relations



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

44 | P a g e

ORIGIN:

The sketch on the right also includes a centerline. The center line

is sketched through the origin, and is used to create the revolve.

SKETCH DEFINITIONS:

Sketches can be fully defined, under defined, or over defined.

In fully defined sketches, all the lines and the curves in the

sketch, and their positions, are described by dimensions, or

relations (see the following section), or both. It is not necessary

to fully define sketches before you use them to create features.

However, you should fully define sketches to complete a part.

ASSEMBLIES:

You can create multiple parts that fit together to create

assemblies. You integrate the parts in an assembly using Mates,

such as Coincident or Collinear. With tools such as Move

Component or Rotate Component, you can see how the parts

in an assembly function in a 3D context.

DRAWINGS:

You create drawings from part or assembly models. Drawings

are available in multiple views. Views include a set of standard

3 views, isometric view (3D), and so on. You can import the

dimensions from the model document, add annotations such as

datum target symbols, and so on.

III. DESIGN:

CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER DESIGN:

Fig 3.1: The above design is the blower

Fig 3.2: Cover of the centrifugal blower

IV. ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER:

4.1 INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS:

For all engineers and students coming to finite element analysis

or to ANSYS software for the first time, this powerful hands-

on guide develops a detailed and confident understanding of

using ANSYS's powerful engineering analysis tools. The best

way to learn complex systems is by means of hands-on

experience. With an innovative and clear tutorial based

approach, this powerful book provides readers with a

comprehensive introduction to all of the fundamental areas of

engineering analysis they are likely to require either as part of

their studies or in getting up to speed fast with the use of

ANSYS software in working life.

V. FINITE ELEMENT METHOD:

5.1 INTRODUCTION:

The finite element method (FEM) (its practical application

often known as finite element analysis (FEA)) is a numerical

technique for finding approximate solutions of partial

differential equations (PDE) as well as of integral equations.

The solution approach is based either on eliminating the

differential equation completely (steady state problems), or

rendering the PDE into an approximating system of ordinary

differential equations, which are then numerically integrated

using standard techniques such as Euler's method, Runge-

Kutta, etc.

WHY IS FEM NEEDED?

To create more reliable, better quality designs.

To reduce the amount of prototype testing

Example surgical implantation such as artificial knee

To stimulate designs that Is not suitable for prototype

testing

The bottom line

o Cost saving

o Time saving-reduce time to mark



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

45 | P a g e

DISADVANTAGES

To some problems the approximations used do not provide

accurate results

For vibration and stability problems the cost of analysis by

FEA is prohibited

Stress values may vary from the mesh to average mesh

analysis

5.4 ANSYS FINITE ELEMENT SOFTWARE:

ANSYS is a complete FEA software package used by engineers

worldwide in virtually all fields of engineering.

• Structural

• Thermal

• Fluid including (CFD)

• Electro magnetic

VI. ANALYSIS OF CENTRFUGAL BLOWER:

6.1 STATIC ANALYSIS:

Static analysis of Centrifugal blower is performed by ansys

software to determine stress and deflection.

6.2 CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER ANALYSIS:

Fig. 6-1: Geometry of centrifugal blower

Fig. 6-2: Meshing of centrifugal blower

RESULT OF STATIC ANALYSIS:



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

46 | P a g e

MODEL ANALYSIS:

Frequency of centrifugal blower

The above figure shows the deformations of the centrifugal

blower

CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) analysis on

centrifugal blower:

Mesh:

Geometry:

Residuals:



E-ISSN: 2456-6713

47 | P a g e

Mass flow rate:

Mass Flow Rate (kg/s)

-------------------------------- ----------------------

inlet 6.9402698

interior-blower 0

interior-lower_housing 0

interior-solid -2.0715279e+22

interior-upper_housing 0

outlet 6.9970046e+20

wall-solid 0

wall_outer 0

wall_solid-blower 0

wall_solid-lower_housing 0

wall_solid-upper_housing 0

---------------- ----------------------------------------

Net 6.9970046e+20

Central pressure:

Center of Pressure - Set Coordinate x = 0 (m)

Zone y z

------------------------- --------------- ---------------

wall-solid -0.020981665 20.70913

wall_outer 0.0041060113 8.0123914

wall_solid-lower_housing 0 0

wall_solid-upper_housing 0 0

wall_solid-blower 0 0

------------------------- --------------- ---------------

Net -0.026403507 23.453095

VII. RESULT AND CONCLUSION:

Modelling and simulation of centrifugal blower fan has done

using Solid Works software.

After observing the static and dynamic analysis values we

can conclude that e-epoxy has the better stress bearing

capacity compared with the other materials except titanium

deformation values by showing its better strength values to

the applied loads.

During Flow simulation at impeller output velocity is

decreased compared to inlet velocity, where as output

pressure is increased compared to inlet pressure.

By using cost analysis methods, the material cost of each

metal is noted shown in graphs and we can observe that

cost of e-epoxy is slightly more than aluminum and this

can be reduced in long run of manufacturing.

E-glass/Epoxy material is non-metallic component so, the

chattering noise will be low compared to other materials

during the functioning process.

For manufacturing the centrifugal blower impeller we can

proceed with Epoxy/E-glass material because it has high

stress bearing capacity and reasonable manufacturing cost.

REFERENCES:

1. Raymond A. Loew, Joel T. Lauer, Joseph McAllister and

Daniel L. Sutliff, “Advanced noise control Fan”, Twenty-

Fifth Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground

Testing.

2. Jeon Wan-Ho and Lee Duck-Joo, “A numerical study on

the flow and sound fields of centrifugal impeller located

near a wedge”, Journal of sound and vibration, Volume

266, Number 4, pp. 785-804.

3. Jianfeng MA, Datong QI and Yijun MAO, “Noise

reduction for centrifugal fan with non-isometric

forwardswept blade impeller”, Energy Power Engineers,

Volume 2, Number 4, pp. 433–437.

4. M. Carudina, “Noise generation in vane axial fans due to

rotating stall and surge”, Journal

5. Rama Krishna Shinagam, Rama Krishna A and Ramji k,

“Experimental study on reduction of motor-fan noise by

modification of blade and shroud configuration”,

Proceedings of the institution of Mechanical Engineers,

Part C, Journal of mechanical engineering science, Volume

224, Number 2, pp. 315-320.

6. Mohand Younis, Farid Bakir, Smaine Kouidri and Robert

Rey, “3D unsteady flow in a centrifugal fan: impeller-

volute interaction”, Journal of Computational and Applied

Mechanics, Volume 8, Number 2, pp. 211-223.

modeling and analysis of centrifugal bloweriearj.com/upload/10-j. santhosh kumar.pdf · a...

Documents