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MODELS OF COUNSELING

Prepared by:

Rose Analyn H. MagculangBBTE 4-1

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Psychological therapies generally

fall into four categories:

1. Psychoanalytical/psychodynamic Approach

2. Behavioral Therapies

3. Humanistic Therapies

4. Cognitive Therapies

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Psychoanalytic Approach

• Psychoanalytical therapies are based on anindividual's unconscious thoughts and perceptionsthat have developed throughout their childhood,and how these affect their current behavior and

thoughts.

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Psychoanalytic approachincludes:

1. Psychoanalytic therapy -- Psychoanalytic therapy isoften beneficial for individuals who want to understandmore about themselves.

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Psychoanalytic approachincludes:

2. Psychodynamic therapy –

This approach seeks to increase a client's self-awareness and understanding of how the past hasinfluenced present thoughts and behaviors,

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Humanistic Approach

• It focus on self-development, growth andresponsibilities. They seek to help individualsrecognize their strengths, creativity and choice inthe 'here and now'.

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Humanistic approach

includes:1. Person-Centered therapy

focuses on an individual's self worth and values.

the client consciously and rationally decides

for themselves what is wrong and what shouldbe done about it.

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Humanistic approachincludes:

2. Gestalt Therapy

Gestalt Therapy can be roughly translated to 'whole' andfocuses on the whole of an individual's experience,including their thoughts, feelings and actions.

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Humanistic approach

includes:3. Transactional Analysis

is based on the theory that we have three ego states:Parent, Adult and Child. By recognizing ego-states, itattempts to identify how individuals communicate, and

how this can be changed.

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Humanistic approachincludes:

4. Existential Therapy

It focuses on exploring the meaning of certain issuesthrough a philosophical perspective, instead of atechnique-based approach.

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Behavioral therapy

It is effective for individuals who requiretreatment for some sort of behavior change,such as addictions, phobias and anxiety

disorders.

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Behavior therapy includes:

1. Reality Therapy

Reality Therapy is the method of counseling that

Dr. Glasser has been teaching since 1965.Reality therapy, like every other therapy, beginswith the therapeutic alliance.

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Cognitive-behavioral therapy

CBT is commonly used to treat a wide range of disorders including phobias, addiction,depression and anxiety.

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Cognitive Approach

• It involves learning how to identify andreplace distorted thoughts and beliefs,ultimately changing the associated habitualbehavior towards them

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Cognitive therapy includes:

1. Rational- emotive therapy

is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy developed

by psychologist Albert Ellis. It focused on helpingclients change irrational beliefs.

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