modern civil rights movement 1940’s-1950’s. modern civil rights movement 1940 ’ s-1950 ’ s...
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Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement
1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
Modern Civil Rights Movement Modern Civil Rights Movement 1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
From its founding in 1733 until 1865, Georgia, like many southern states depended on slavery for the economic stability.
Change came slow for the state with the 1940’s and 1950’s being a time of great social change.
The changes set the stage for the modern civil rights movement.
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
A Slow Beginning Herman Talmadge was the governor of GA from 1948-1951 and
also served as a 4 term U.S. Senator for GA.
He won the 1946 governors race in the Three Governor Episode
In the 1940’s and early 1950’s the schools were segregated according to race.
Herman, like his father did not support integration
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
End of the White Primary
The White Primary was a means of controlling black votes and assuring only whites would hold office in GA.
This cut blacks out of the political process.
It kept white-supremist in office and kept blacks unrepresented.
A Supreme Court decision struck down the white primary usage for Georgia in 1946.
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
Topeka Kansas Case in 1954
Landmark Supreme Court case over segregation
White citizens wanted schools to remain segregated.
Supreme Court ruled that schools must be integrated.
All GA schools would not be integrated until 1972
Case helped launch the Civil Rights movement
Brown v. Board of Education
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
Georgia Flag
1955- Democratic leader wanted new flag with
confederate battle flag symbols
1956- General Assembly changes flag
Seen as a sign that Georgia will continue to fight for old south ways
1879-19551879-1955
1956-20011956-2001
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
Benjamin Mays
Minister and president of Morehouse College
Where Martin Luther King Jr went
Emphasized – dignity for all humans– challenge segregation around them
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1940’s-1950’s1940’s-1950’s
Dr. Martin Luther King Leader of Civil Rights movement -Black soldiers who had defended their country came back to the same racial inequalities
-Gained momentum after the arrest of Rosa Parks
Wanted nonviolent protests -gained support in this manner-Marches and protests calling for equal rights for “all”
Assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee April 4th 1968
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement
1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
SNCC- Student Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteesSNCC- Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committees- encouraged young people to join the fight for civil rights
- Freedom ridersFreedom riders rode on segregated buses- Sit-insSit-ins would include blacks asking for service
in white restaurants and businessesSibley CommissionSibley Commission -General Assembly committee on Schools
- gathered information of how people felt about desegregation *Whose rights were these organizations trying to protect protect?
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
University of GeorgiaUniversity of Georgia Hamilton Holmes & Charlayne HunterHamilton Holmes & Charlayne Hunter were the first two African-were the first two African-
American to attend the University of Georgia in 1961. American to attend the University of Georgia in 1961.
Life was difficult for them on campus (riots and lack of acceptance)Life was difficult for them on campus (riots and lack of acceptance)
In 2001 the registration building on campus was renamed theIn 2001 the registration building on campus was renamed the Hunter-Hunter-Holmes BuildingHolmes Building
Holmes would become a surgeon and Hunter a correspondent with Holmes would become a surgeon and Hunter a correspondent with CNNCNN
*What culture’s What culture’s experience is somewhat experience is somewhat like this today in Adellike this today in Adel?
Mountains ex.Mountains ex.
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
Albany MovementAlbany Movement
Began as a movement to integrate Albany, GABegan as a movement to integrate Albany, GA
SNCC members, local volunteers, and Dr. King played a part in the SNCC members, local volunteers, and Dr. King played a part in the registration of black voters and fighting segregation in Albany.registration of black voters and fighting segregation in Albany.
March on WashingtonMarch on WashingtonSite of Dr. King’s “Site of Dr. King’s “I have a DreamI have a Dream” speech” speech Had the following goals:Had the following goals:
-Meaningful civil rights laws-Meaningful civil rights laws -Full & fair employment-Full & fair employment
-Federal works program-Federal works program -Decent housing & voting -Decent housing & voting rightsrights
-Adequate integrated education-Adequate integrated education
*How do you How do you
think King’s think King’s actions helped actions helped other minorities?other minorities?
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
Civil Rights ActCivil Rights Act Due to the work of civil rights movement, Due to the work of civil rights movement,
CCongress passed the ongress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964
-Made it illegal for public facilities segregate.-Made it illegal for public facilities segregate.
-Guaranteed equal voting rights-Guaranteed equal voting rights
-Banned any form of segregation from companies -Banned any form of segregation from companies that did business with the federal government that did business with the federal government
-Demanded integration of public schools-Demanded integration of public schools
In 1972 this was extended with the Equal Employment Opportunity In 1972 this was extended with the Equal Employment Opportunity
Act to protect women in the workplace.Act to protect women in the workplace.
*Who might be helped by these laws in the future
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
Maynard JacksonMaynard Jackson Atlanta’s mayor in 1973Atlanta’s mayor in 1973 Was the first African-American Was the first African-American
elected as mayor of a southern cityelected as mayor of a southern city Encouraged programs that increased the Encouraged programs that increased the
number of African-American in the city’s workforcenumber of African-American in the city’s workforce
Andrew YoungAndrew Young An aide to Martin Luther KingAn aide to Martin Luther King Elected as U.S. Representative Elected as U.S. Representative for Georgia (1for Georgia (1stst black since 1860) black since 1860) Later named by President Carter as an Later named by President Carter as an Ambassador to the United NationsAmbassador to the United Nations Elected as mayor after Jackson Elected as mayor after Jackson
*What does the election of these men tell us about race relations?What does the election of these men tell us about race relations?
Modern Civil Rights MovementModern Civil Rights Movement1960’s-1970’s1960’s-1970’s
Lester MaddoxLester Maddox Was a strong segregationist that refused to serve Was a strong segregationist that refused to serve
blacks in his restaurant (threatened them with blacks in his restaurant (threatened them with an axe handle)an axe handle)
Chose to close his business rather than serve blacksChose to close his business rather than serve blacks
Entered the political arena, eventually becoming the Entered the political arena, eventually becoming the governorgovernor
Despite his segregationist past, he appointed more Despite his segregationist past, he appointed more African-Americans to state offices than any governor before himAfrican-Americans to state offices than any governor before him
Later ran for Lt. Governor and won.Later ran for Lt. Governor and won.
*Why do you think Lester Maddox was friendly to blacks as the governor?Why do you think Lester Maddox was friendly to blacks as the governor?