modern methods of excavation support
TRANSCRIPT
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Modern Methods of Excavation Support
Presented by
Duncan Pearson – Technical Services ManagerHelen Aird – Technical Sales Engineer
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1. Company Introduction / Technical Services2. Introduction to proprietary shoring3. Why excavations fail4. SiteSafe Solutions5. Load monitoring of hydraulic struts / case
studies6. Bad practice slides7. Questions
Agenda
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Company Introduction
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Established 1954
Annual turnover of £147m
Circa 1500 employees
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Strategic depot network
Comprehensive equipment portfolio
Dedicated sales & operational support
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Technical Services
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Design Office Introduction
Twelve Experienced Design EngineersSpecialist Major Projects Team
Dedicated Technical Sales Support
ISO 9001 accreditationP.I. Cover - £5mDocumented design and checking procedure
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ClientDesignBrief
Complementary design service
Safe, practical & cost effective solutions
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Training Services
Training OptionsOffice based appreciation courses
Practical site trainingToolbox Talk DVD - produced in conjunction with the National Construction College, Bircham Newton
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Introduction to Proprietary Shoring
a) What is proprietary shoring?b) Why do we shore excavations?c) What are its advantages?
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Examples of “Traditional” methods of support
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Examples of “Proprietary systems”
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Proprietary systems
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Why Support Excavations?
Protect colleagues andPublic outside the dig
Avoid damage toExisting services
Protect adjacent structures
Time and Costsavings
Comply with HealthAnd Safety Legislation
Avoid death and injury
WHY SUPPORTEXCAVATIONS?
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Why Support Excavations?
• Average of 7 fatal accidents each year.
7 Deaths
60 Major Incidents
1500 Minor Incidents
??? Near Misses?
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Rapid installation and removal1
No on-site welding2
On-site adjustment and versatility3
The ability for pre-load to limit deflections4
Re-use of components5
Improved safety6
Advantages of proprietary shoring
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Why do excavations fail?
Causes of failure in excavations and how we can prevent them
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…a near miss!!
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…small water leak in cofferdam leads to..
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Examples of Failure
Pile toe failure- due to
over digging
Over loading of frame
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Surcharges (Additional external loadings not taken into account)
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Groundwater – Loss of fines
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Causes of Failure
• Design– Lack of consideration of limit
states– Lack of adequate design risk
assessment– Poor interpretation of SI– Underestimation of
surcharges– Underestimation of effects of
groundwater– Over reliance on software
• Execution– Lack of communication– Ignoring changes in conditions– Poor workmanship / Failure to
follow design
• Design Brief– Inadequate or poor quality
information– Verbal soil information– Missing surcharges– Incomplete assessment of site
conditions
SITE ISSUES DESIGN ISSUES
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Causes of Failure / Accidents
“HUMAN” ISSUES
•Ignorance•Bullying•Idleness•Neglect•Irresponsibility•Complacency•Forgetfulness
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Collapse of Excavations
Collapse of unsupported or inadequately supportedexcavation walls.
Often with disastrous consequences
This was the aftermathscene of a recent trench collapse recent fatality
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Modes of Failure
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Failure due to “boiling”
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Modes of Failure
Slope failure of Battered Excavation
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Modes of Failure
Cross-strut removal / frame overload
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Warning Signs
Deflection Tension cracks Soil movement
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SiteSafe Solutions
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Sitesafe Solutions
Systems includeBox Handrail SystemsLaddersafe RangeStepsafe
EdgesafeEndsafe
SurroundsafeFallsafe
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On board load monitoring of proprietary struts
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Hydraulic strut assembly
Calibrated load / swivel pin
Wireless telemetry unit and transmitter
Wireless Load Monitoring Overview
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Wireless Load Monitoring Overview
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Trigger levels
Typical results graph
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96 Struts
72 Struts
14 Struts
10 Struts
This £260m project was one of the largest infrastructure projects in the UK.
The main Contractor was Bouygues Travaux Publics (UK)
Case Study – Tyne Tunnel 2
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• High design axial prop loads ranging from 1,500kN – 13,000kN• Design specification included:
– Loss of prop condition– 50kN accidental loading– 35° temperature range (60% restraint)
• Overcome a reluctance to use hydraulic props• Huge amount of bespoke fabrication• Provide a cost effective solution over long rental period
Design Challenges
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The Solution
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Image Gallery
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Installation of Struts
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Bad Practice
or…….
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……why men die early!
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Working in unsupported excavations
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Poor workmanship
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Incorrect use of equipment
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Bad Practise
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Stupidity!
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Stupidity!
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…and finally a cautionary tale!!
…inspect your equipment before using it!
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End of Presentation
.... Any Questions?