TeleconferenceDefinitionA teleconference is a telephone meeting among two or more participants involving technology more sophisticated than a simple two-way phone connection. At its simplest, a teleconference can be an audio conference with one or both ends of the conference sharing a speaker phone. With considerably more equipment and special arrangements, a teleconference can be a conference, called a videoconference, in which the participants can see still or motion video images of each other. Because of the high bandwidth of video and the opportunity for larger and multiple display screens, a videoconference requires special telecommunication arrangements and a special room at each end. As equipment and high-bandwidth cabling become more commonplace, it's possible that videoconferences can be held from your own computer or even in a mobile setting. One of the special projects ofInternet2is to explore the possibility of having teleconferences in which all participants actually appear to be in the same room together. Today's audio teleconferences are sometimes arranged over dial-up phone lines using bridging services that provide the necessary equipment for the call.E-learning(eLearning or e-Learning) is the use ofelectroniceducational technologyin teaching and learning.Information and communication technology(ICT) in education, EdTech, learning technology, multimedia learning, technology-enhanced learning (TEL), computer-based instruction (CBI), computer managed instruction, computer-based training (CBT), computer-assisted instruction or computer-aided instruction (CAI), internet-based training (IBT), flexible learning, web-based training (WBT), online education, online learning,[1]virtual education,virtual learning environments (VLE; which are also called learning platforms),m-learning, and digital education.[2]In usage, all of these terms appear in articles and reviews; the term "e-learning" is used frequently, but is variously and imprecisely defined and appliedThese alternative terms are all linguistically more restrictive than "educational technology" in that they refer to the use of modern tools such as computers, digital technology,electronic media, networked digital devices, and associated software and "courseware" with learning scenarios, worksheets, and interactive exercises that facilitate learning. However, these alternative names individually emphasize a particular digitization approach, component or delivery method. Accordingly, each conflates to the broad domain of educational technology. For example,m-learningemphasizesmobility, but is otherwise indistinguishablein principlefrom educational technology.M-learningM-learningormobile learningis defined as "learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions, using personal electronic devices.[1]:page 4A form ofe-learningdistance education, m-learners can usemobile deviceeducational technologyin many locations at their time convenience.[2]M-learning technologies include handheld computers,MP3 players, notebooks, mobile phones and tablets. M-learning focuses on the mobility of the learner, interacting with portable technologies. Using mobile tools for creating learning aids and materials becomes an important part ofinformal learning.[3]M-learning is convenient in that it is accessible from virtually anywhere. Sharing is almost instantaneous among everyone using the same content, which leads to the reception of instant feedback and tips. This highly active process has proven to increase exam scores from the fiftieth to the seventieth percentile, and cut the dropout rate in technical fields by 22 percent.[4]M-learning also brings strong portability by replacingbooksand notes with small devices, filled with tailored learning contents.Mobile learning is the delivery of learning, education or learning support on mobile phones, PDAs or tablets. E-Learning has provided the ability for traditional learning to break out of the classroom setting and for students to learn at home. Mobile learning has enhanced upon e-learning by taking it a step further and allowing students to learn virtually anywhere a mobile signal is available. This allows students to stay connected to the classroom while traveling, vacationing, during breaks or during any other free time one may have. Mobile learning is in its infancy and as of September 2011, 9.35% of apps from the iTunes App Store were in the education category.[5]New mobile technology, such as hand-held based devices, is playing a large role in redefining how we receive information. The recent advances in mobile technology are changing the primary purpose of mobile devices from making or receiving calls to retrieving the latest information on any subject. "Numerous agencies including the Department of Defense (DoD), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Intelligence community, and law enforcement are utilizing mobile technology for information management."

Flipped classroomis an instructional methodology and a type ofblended learningthat delivers instructional content, often online, outside of the classroom and moves activities, including those that may have traditionally been considered homework, into the classroom. In a flipped classroom model, students watch online lectures, collaborate in online discussions, or carry out research at home and engage in concepts in the classroom with the guidance of the instructor.

Traditional vs flipped teaching [edit]In the traditional model of classroom instruction, the teacher is typically the central focus of a lesson and the primary disseminator of information during the class period. The teacher responds to questions while students defer directly to the teacher for guidance and feedback. In a classroom with a radically traditional style of instruction, individual lessons may be didactic and entirely content oriented. Pedagogical methods, however, evolve and in some traditional classrooms the instructional flow involves teacher-driven lessons where content is conveyed after which students work independently or in small groups on an application task or activity. Class discussions are typically centered on the teacher who controls the flow of the conversation.[2]Typically, this pattern of teaching also involves giving students the task of reading from a textbook or practicing a concept by working on a problem set, for example, outside school.[3]In contrast to the traditional teacher-centered model of classroom learning, the flipped classroom intentionally shifts instruction to a learner-centered model in which class time is dedicated to exploring topics in greater depth and creating meaningful learning opportunities, while educational technology such as online videos are employed to deliver content outside of the classroom. In a flipped classroom content delivery may take a variety of forms. Often times video lessons prepared by the teacher or third parties are used as a content delivery mechanism, though online collaborative discussions, digital research, or text readings may be utilized as well.[4][5][6]Just as the content delivery in a flipped classroom takes diversified forms at home, so too do the in-class activities. In-class lessons accompanying flipped classroom may include activity learning or more traditional homework problems, among other practices, to engage students in the content. In the flipped classroom, in-class activities vary by instructor and subject but may include: using math manipulative and emerging mathematical technologies, in-depth laboratory experiments, original document analysis, debate or speech presentation, current event discussions, peer reviewing, project-based learning, and skill development or concept practice[7][8]These types of active learning allow for highly differentiated instruction[9]and more time can be spent in class on the upper end of Bloom's taxonomy as students tackle difficult problems, work in groups, research, and construct knowledge with the help of their teacher and peers[10]As a result a teacher's interaction with students in a flipped classroom is more personalized and less didactic and students are actively involved in knowledge acquisition and construction as they participate in and evaluate their learning.

What is a Smart Classroom?A Smart Classroom is a traditional lecture style teaching space that has available technological equipment that can be used to aid and enhance instruction of a course. Classrooms are categorized based on the equipment available: Advanced Smart Technology: Features a smart podium with a touch panel control system, PC and laptop connection, document camera, DVD/VCR Player, projector, and screen. Intermediate Smart Technology:Features a smart podium with a control panel, PC and laptop connection, projector, and screen. May also have an overheard transparency projector. BasicTechnology:Includes a laptop connection, projector, DVD/VCR player, and screen. May also have an overhead transparency projector.

The Benefits of Going for Smart Classrooms in your Education InstitutionWe all know how helpful it is to remember something that is taught visually to us rather than the one that is read through pages after pages. Just imagine, how beneficial would it be for students to understand a chapter visually in class. The concept of smart class education is indeed a blessing to the students of the 21st Century. Technology is changing the way life functions and if its for the good, then why not go for it!Smart classes use all interactive modules like videos and presentations and these visually attractive methods of teaching becomes appealing to students who are already struggling with the traditional method of teaching in a classroom. In fact, smart classes are almost like watching movies as sometimes, animated visuals are used to teach a point. This kind of visual is both eye-catching and young students can easily relate with them. This is because the audio-visual senses of students are targeted and it helps the students store the information fast and more effectively. And then, there is the advantage of utilising much of the time wasted earlier in drawing or preparing diagrams on board. Smartboards have all these information in memory and can be presented during the time of class lectures and thus, the time saved can be used in more important things.Some students and teachers have problems with chalk dust and they tend to suffer from allergic reactions. The smartboards saves you from such distress and wont let you develop any health issues later. Smartboards are a lot smarter when it comes to field trips which is impossible with textbooks. A field trip to the deserts of Sahara or the rainforests of the Amazon basin becomes easy with visuals in the smartboards of smart classroom. These visuals are definitely more attractive than those descriptions in a few lines of a textbook.One of the main reasons behind the constant increase in popularity of smart classes is the fact that this kind of education is perfect for all kinds of students. A classroom has students with varied power of understanding and learning, and studying from notes and other materials becomes difficult for some students. But the use of smart classes and modern technology eases the learning process for all students. Moreover, this kind of education in class promotes more interaction between teacher and student with more participation from both sides.When you take the negative side of this kind of smart education, there are just a few when compared to the myriad advantages it offers to students. Some technical fault that might arise during a class lecture is a common concern among those lobbying against smart technologies in classroom education. Then, there is the costing factor as well that is preventing schools to adopt this technology. With smart education comes the problem of high cost of education.The possibilities or advantages of smart classrooms are endless. Although adopting such a new concept might be a tough decision for many, but the technology can create a new opening for the education sector. Its indeed a blessing, all you need to do is to give it a try!Virtual ClassroomVirtual Classroom is a wonderful application for E-Learning with over Digital Network of National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Communication & IT, Govt. of India. It supports Educational Institution in better mentoring for the remote learning. The infrastructure facilitates quality Education and Research at National Level interconnecting premier institutions and students removing state and district boundaries. The Faculty can do an interactive Lecture. Students can participate live during the course of the session from a remote site.A virtual classroom is an online learning environment. The environment can be web-based and accessed through aportalor software-based and require a downloadableexecutable file.Just like in a real-world classroom, a student in avirtualclassroom participates in synchronousinstruction, which means that the teacher and students are logged into the virtual learning environment at the same time.Many schools and businesses have rolled out virtual classrooms to provide synchonrous distance education. Virtual classroom software applications often employ multiple synchronous technologies, such asweb conferencing, video conferencing,live streaming, and web-basedVoIPto provide remote students with the ability to collaborate in real time. To enhance the educational process, applications may also provide students withasynchronouscommunication tools, such asmessage boardsandchatcapabilities