modul2 statek-science statistics
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8/17/2019 Modul2 Statek-science Statistics
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Science andStatistics
Statistics for experimenter,
George E.P.Box, William G. Hunter, J.S. Hunter
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SCIENI!IC
"ESE#"CH
• a detailed stud$ of a su%&ect,especiall$ in order to disco'er(ne)* information or reac+ a
(ne)* understandin
• "esearc+ comprises creati'e)or- underta-en on as$stematic %asis in order toincrease t+e stoc- of
-no)ledge,
• a s$stematic )a$ of gat+eringdata and +arnessing curiosit$.
(Cres)ell* "esearc+ is aprocess of steps used tocollect and anal$/e
information to increase ourunderstanding of a topic orissue.
It consists of t+ree steps0•Pose a 1uestion,•collect data to ans)er t+e1uestion, and•present an ans)er to t+e1uestion.234
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SCIENI!IC
"ESE#"CH5##
S#ISIC#67EH85S
• To make the processas efcient as possible
# 6E#"NINGP"8CESS
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A learning proses • Seorang pemuda # %ersama
se¨a+ sis)a di se%ua+ruang. # menuang-anminuman (larutan* pada
se%ua+ gelas. # %ertan$aapa $ang a-an ter&adiapa%ila larutan terse%utterus menerus dituang-anpada gelas.
• Sala+ satu sis)a men&a)a%,%a+)a larutan a-an penu+sampai %agian atas danterus -eatas seperti airmancur. Be%erapa sis)a lainsepa-at.
• Sala+ satu sis)a lainn$a%erpendapat larutan a-an
tumpa+ melalui tepitepigelas.
• # menga&a- sis)asis)aterse%ut mela-u-ane-sperimen dan pem%u-tianapa $ang se%enarn$a ter&adi
!! ??
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-e$learning
start )it+ 1uestions,dissenting (per%edaan
pendapat*,H$pot+eses (pra-iraan*
sala+diper%ai-i
u&i co%a (pem%u-tian*data 9 ne) info
-no)ledge
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iterati'e learning
process
::: :::
H$p+ot+esis (con&ecture, model, t+eor$*
5## (facts, p+enomena*
deduction deductioninduction
induction
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SCIENI!IC"ESE#"CH
DEDUCTION :
reasoning from t+e general to t+e particular (or from cause to e;ect*
+e act of su%tracting (remo'ing a part from t+e )+ole*PENG<"#NG#N
INDUCTION0 reasoning from detailedfacts to general principles (I7B#S#N*
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6earning Process as a!eed%ac- 6oop
H= replaces H>
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examples 2c+emicalreactions4
?onse-uensi e-sperimenInfo a)al(pengalaman@pengeta+uan, referensi*
Belum ada 5ata
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+asil e-sperimen AAA.
Hipotesistida-
ter%u-ti
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lan&utan
Pengola+an Pen$a&ian data #nalisis ?esimpulan
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Ater a series ups and downs, ailure
admitted andsuccess would be celebrated
Setelah menjalani perjuangan (berkali-kaliuji coba, hasil yang meleset dari dugaan),
maka kesalahan dapat diakui dengan yakin dan claim keberhasilan baru tepatuntuk dinyatakan dan kesuksesan baru
boleh dirayakan
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!nowledge o strategy to proceed ane"ecti#e and efcient research$knowledge o statistical methods
The %ole oExperimental Design
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5esign of experimental(5oE*
• is an ecient (statistical* procedure for planningexperiments so t+at t+e data o%tained can %eanal$/ed to $ield 'alid and o%&ecti'e conclusions.
58E %egins )it+0 determining t+e o%&ecti'es of an experiment selecting t+e process factors for t+e stud$.
#n &'perimental esign is t+e la$ing out of adetailed experimental plan in ad'ance of doingt+e experiment.
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S<7BE" ?ES<6I#N dalamPENE6II#N I67I#H
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PER N DES IN EKSPERIMENT L
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How to use statistical techniques
ind out much about the problem
*onsidering the nonstatistical knowledge
e+ne and aware to the objecti#es
earn rom each other (interplay between
theory and practice)