module 2-body tissue (the integument)
DESCRIPTION
components of skinTRANSCRIPT
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The integumentby Syafiqa Al-Azua Binti Aljeffry
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I’d like to talk about • How many layers are there in the
skin ?• What are these layers made of ?• What are their significant
functions ?
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But.
What is this …. SKIN?
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1.Largest organ
2.Also known as INTEGUMENT or CUTANEOUS LAYER
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Our skin are made of 3 basic layersEpidermis Dermis Hypodermis
Epithermal layer of ectodermal origin
A layer of mesodermal connective tissue
Beneath the dermis
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1st skin layer- Epidermis Outermost layer of the skin Have 4 different types of cells But mainly are STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS KERATINIZED
EPITHILIUM – composed of cells called keratinocytes The other NON-KERATINOCYTE CELLS pigment-producing melanocytes antigen-producing langerhans cells tactile merkel cells
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Layers of epidermis Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum – the granular layer Stratum spinosum – the spinous layer
Stratum basale – the basal layer
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WHAT IT DOES -• Supports epidermis & binds it to the hypodermis• Site for epidermal derivatives (e.g: hair follicles &
glands)
COMPONENTS – • irregular in shape & has many projections called Dermal
Papillae.• Have abundance of nerve supply
Have BASEMENT MEMBRANE• located in between the epidermis’s stratum basale &
dermis’s papillary layer.• Composed of Basal Lamina and Reticular Lamina• Important for nutrients to pass through from the
vascular dermis into the avascular epidermis.
Consists of 2 layers with indistinct boundaries• OUTERMOST PAPILLARY LAYER• Constitutes the major parts of the dermis• Functions : produce anchoring – to be inserted into
basal lamina for the binding of dermis and epidermis • DEEPER RETICULAR LAYER• Thicker & composed of irregular dense CT• Has more fibers than cells• Present of elastic fiber to provide elasticityu
DERMIS
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Dermal papillae• Projections of dermal layers into the epidermis.• Interlock with epidermal pegs• It is more numerous in skin that is subjected to frequent
pressure. HOW??? By increasing the epidermal-dermal junction
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HypoDermis1. Consists of loose connective tissue – e.g: fat cells /
adipocytes (vary in number according to different region of the body & vary in size according to the nutritional state)
2. Binds the skin loosely to the subjacent organs - This enable the skin to slide over them.
3. Have an extensive vascular supply – promote rapid uptake of insulin / drug injected into the tissue.
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