module four engaging in everyday activities in a meaningful way

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Module four Engaging in everyday activities in a meaningful way

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Module four Engaging in everyday

activities in a meaningful way

This section covers:

4.1 What are activities in

effective care?

4.2 Tailoring everyday activities

4.3 Assisting a person to engage

4. Meaningful engagement

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Learning outcomes

At the end of this session you will be able to:• define the concept of activity and its purpose• work with families to discover meaningful activities for people with dementia• identify appropriate activities that meet a person’s needs and abilities• recognise the difference between structured and unstructured activities• set up the environment to encourage safe participation in

activities• break down activities into single steps or tasks.

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4.1 What are activities in effective care?

• They are not always recreational

or diversional

• They should be part of a normal day

•They should hold meaning & purpose

for the unique person

• They should be pleasurable & aim

• to engage the person with life

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‘Activity’ covers a vast number of daily activities

• Domestic activity

• Self care

• Work

• Leisure5

Why is engaging in meaningful activities important? • Feel useful

• Maintain:

– skills

– health

– independence

– self-esteem

• Experience pleasure

• Reflect spiritual & cultural identity

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4. 2 Tailoring everyday activities

Centre on the person • When we centre on the person we find activities that provide meaning and

purpose• An assessment process allows us…

• to explore retained abilities and skills• to discover an individual’s history (likes and

dislikes, past roles and routines)• to consider the person’s cultural and spiritual

background7

Accept the impact of brain damage

Frontal Lobe Planning, organizing, judging, initiating, insight

Parietal Lobe Patterns (putting together the steps to complete a task), communication (written and verbal), spatial awareness

Temporal LobeFiling system, memory

Limbic System (Connecting system)

Sleep, appetite, emotions8

Respect the person with dementia

• Treat the person as an adult

• Involve the person in meaningful and purposeful activity

• Be patient, flexible, creative, reassuring and encouraging

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Enable the person through…

Our caring relationship and physical and social environment will :

• Maintain skills and abilities

• Provide opportunities for individual’s

growth

• Maintain safety and feelings of security

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4.3 Assisting a person to engage

Tools that we can use:• Breaking things up into smaller steps –

‘Step by step’

(called Activity or Task Analysis)

• Go step by step using ‘Prompt,

Guide, and assist’

(using graded assistance)

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Step by step (task analysis)

• Break activity/task into small steps

• Give the least restrictive prompt to enable activity/task completion

• Smile, encourage and give praise

• Allow person to proceed at their own pace.

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Prompts and Guidance

Graded assistance

REMEMBER:Make the most of a person’s skills and

abilities!

Task analysis

allows each person to…

• Maintain independence

• Maintain existing skills

• Maintain dignity

• Maximise the possibility of success

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Preparation for an activity – 5 ‘S’s

• Set up – make prior preparations, have things ready or set up

• Say it - explain what is about to happen

• Show it – point and demonstrate

• Start with a Smile – “can you help me?”

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Balance safety/comfort with independenceAll people have a right to…

• Be safe

• Be comfortable

• Maintain independence

• Maintain existing skills

• Make informed decisions

Finding the balance can be challenging

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Structured activities

• Assisting with makeup/hair

• Bus trips

• Church service

• Showering

• Crosswords

• Gardening

• Making a cup of tea (domestic)

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Unstructured (half done) activities

• Chair placed to look out onto bird feeder

• Garden tools accessible to encourage gardening

• Unfinished knitting

• Open magazines

• Basket of washing left to hang on the line/fold

• Broom handy to sweep floors

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Individually tailored activity

• Personal history (centre)• Likes and dislikes (centre) • Culture (centre) • Safety and comfort (accept limitations)• Disabilities (i.e. visual impairment) (accept health) • Communication (respect) • Safety and comfort (accept limitations)• Enabling environment (enable)

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Designing and assisting a person with an individually tailored activity

Partnerships with family carers

Partnerships with family carers are crucial for:

• Achieving our mission(quality of life for each person)

• Meeting our core challenge(knowing & honouring each individual’s

uniqueness through how we care)20

Why are partnerships with family carers so important in dementia care?

How family carers can help …

Assist with achieving high quality care through sharing what they have LEARNED THROUGH CARING:

• the meaning of mannerisms and behaviour

• how to care well

• strategies for resolving problems

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… you engage people with dementia

How family carers can help you …

• Improve quality of life

– Create pleasure & enjoyment

– Meet emotional & individual needs

– Identify issues & problems early

• Provide vital information about the person:

– Assets (social, personal)

– Interests, routines and activities

– Shared history

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… engage a person with dementia

1. Activities are everyday not just recreational 2. Activities that engage are meaningful to the person and tailored to their needs3. Memory is not essential to enjoyment 4. Assist engagement by a step by step approach 5. Balance comfort/safety with independence

Key Messages

REMEMBER … Make the most of the client’s abilities and go at their pace not your pace and

use all your communication skills

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