moein farshchian ph.d candidate of cell and molecular biology
TRANSCRIPT
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Moein Farshchian
Ph.D Candidate of Cell and Molecular Biology
*New Trends in Genetics
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*GENOMICS: A “Discipline” Less than 25 Years OldVictor A. McKusick
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* 1. Structural Genomics: Mapping and Sequencing Genomes
2. Comparative Genomics: Study of Conservation and Divergence of Genomes of Different Organisms
3. Functional Genomics: Development and Application of Global Approaches
to Assess Gene Function
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Epigenetics
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*Comparative Genomics
Olson et al., (2002)
Human vs. Great Apes
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*Human Genome Project
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*Naive Way of Extracting Genes
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Same genome Different tissues
• Different physiology • Different proteome
•Different expression pattern
Anise swallowtail, Papilio zelicaon
The Dramatic Consequences of Gene Regulation in Biology
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Eukaryotic Gene Structure
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Figure 7-44 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
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*Cancer
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Model Organisms In Cancer
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Figure 7-77b Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Eye on leg in Drosophila
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*Transgenic Mouse
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*Overview of gene regulation by distant-acting
enhancers
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*Clonal Hetrogeny in Tumor
Heterogenic Cell Populationin Tumor
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Committed to Cancer
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Metastasis
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Ameboid Migration
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Gene Expression Signature
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Tumor Microenvironment
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Cancer Related Genes
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Systems Biology
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The incidence of cancer in non-human primates is very low.
-All examined human cancer genes (n=333) are present in chimpanzee, contain intact open reading frames and show a high degree of
conservation between both species (99.38%) -. Puente et al., (2006)
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*Reprogramming of Genome
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*Induced pluripotent Stem Cell (iPS Cells)
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Ngn3, Pdx1, Mafa
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Cellular Reprogramming Model
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MODELS OF REPROGRAMMING
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* Nature Review Cancer, April 2007
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*Gene Therapy
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*Thanks