moekarto moeliono-muhammad rifki moeliono-nur alyani moeliono-spinning-2013

7/29/2019 Moekarto Moeliono-Muhammad Rifki Moeliono-Nur Alyani Moeliono-Spinning-2013

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Re-uploaded by Moekarto Moeliono


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Muhammad Rifki Moeliono dan Nur Alyani Moeliono

FIBRE FINENESS, YARN COUNTS

AND CONVERSIONS


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Micronaire value(cotton) :

The unit is micrograms per inch. The average weight of one inch length of fibre, expressed in

micrograms(0.000001 gram).

Denier(man-made fibres): Weight in grams per 9000 meters of fibre.

Micron:(wool): Fineness is expressed as fibre diameter in microns(0.001mm)

Conversions:

Denier = 0.354 x Micronaire value Micronaire value = 2.824 x Denier

YARN COUNTS:

It is broadly classified into 1. DIRECT and 2.INDIRECT system.

DIRECT SYSTEM:

English count (Ne) French count(Nf) Metric count(Nm) Worsted count

Metric system: Metric count(Nm) indicates the number of 1 kilometer(1000 meter) lengths per

Kg.

Nm = length in Km / weight in kg (or)

Nm = length meter / weight in grams


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INDIRECT SYSTEM:

Tex count

Denier

CONVERSION TABLE FOR YARN COUNTS:

tex Ne den Nm grains/yd

tex den/9 1000/Nm gr.yd x 70.86

Ne 590.54/tex 5314.9/den Nm x .5905 8.33 / gr/yd

den tex x 9 9000/Nm gr/yd x 637.7

Nm 1000/tex 9000/den 14.1 / gr/yd

grains/yd tex / 70.86 den / 637.7 14.1/Nm

Where, Nm - metric count, Nec - cottoncount

CONVERSION TABLE FOR WEIGHTS:

ounce grains grams kilograms pounds

ounce 437.5 grains 28.350 grams

grains 0.03527 ounces 0.0648 grams

grams 0.03527 grains 15.432 grains 0.001 kgs

kilograms 35.274 ounces 15432 grains 1000 grams2.2046pounds

pounds 16.0 ounces 7000 grains 453.59 grams 0.4536 kgs


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CONVERSION TABLE FOR LINEAR MEASURES:

yard feet inches centimeter meter

yard 3 feet 36 inches 91.44 cms0.9144

meter

feet 0.3333 yards 12 inches 30.48 cms0.3048

meter

inches 0.0278 yards 0.0833 feet 2.54 cms0.254meter

centimeter 0.0109 yards 0.0328 feet 0.3937 inches 0.01meter

meter 1.0936 yards 3.281 feet 39.37 inches 100 cms

CALCULATIONS:

grams per meter = 0.5905 / Ne grams per yard = 0.54 / Ne tex = den x .11 = 1000/Nm = Mic/25.4 Ne = Nm/1.693 DRAFT = (feed weight in g/m) / (delivery weight in g/m) DRAFT = Tex (feed) / Tex(delivery) DRAFT = delivery roll surface speed / feed roll surface speed No of hanks delivered by m/c = (Length delivered in m/min) / 1.605

CARDING:

(1). P =( L x 1.0936 x 60 x effy ) / (hank (Ne) x 36 x 840 x 2.2045)

P - production in kgs / hr

L - delivery speed in m/min

effy- efficiency

Ne - English count ( number of 840 yards in one pound)

840 - constant

2.2045- to convert from lbs to kilograms

(2).production in kgs / hr = (L x Ktex x 60 x effy) / ( 1000)


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Ktex- sliver count in Ktex (kilotex)

effy - efficiency

1000- to convert to kilograms from grams

(3). production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy) / (Ne)


effy - efficiency

Ne - English count

(4).prodn / 8 hrs = (Hank x Nd) /( Ne x 2.2045)

Hank = no of hank (840 yards)delivered by the machine

Nd = no of deliveries

Ne = hank of the material

(4).Total draft in card = (feed weight in g/m) / (sliver weight in g/m)

DRAWFRAME:

(1.)Break draft = surface speed of 2nd roller / surface speed of back roller

(2).Main draft = surface speed of 1st roller / surface speed of 2nd( middle) roller

(3).Total draft = surface speed of delivery roller / surface of feed roller

(4).production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy x Nd) / (Ne)


effy - efficiency

Ne - english count

Nd - No of delvieries

(5.).prodn in kgs / hr = (FRD x FRrpm x 3.14 x 60 x effy x Nd) / (Ne x 840 x 36 x 2.2045)


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FRD - front roller dia in inches

FRrpm - front roller rpm

effy - efficiency

Ne - Sliver hank

Nd - number of deliveries

SPEEDFRAME + RINGFRAME

(1).Twist / Inch (TPI) = Spindle speed / FRS

FRS - front roller surface speed in inches/min

(2).FRS = FRrpm x 3.14 x FRD

FRS - Front roller surface speed

FRD - front roller diameter

(3).T.P.I = T.M. x sqrt(count or hank)

T.M. - Twist multiplier

sqrt - square root

(4).prodn in kgs / 8 hrs = (7.2 x SS x effy) / (TPI x Ne x 1000)

SS - spindle speed

(5).Spindle speed = m/min x TPI x 39.37

(6).hank delivered = spindle speed / ( tpi x 62.89)

(7).Ring traveller speed in m/sec =( spindle speed x ring dia in mm x 3.14) / (60 x 1000)

WINDING:

(1). production in kgs / 8 hrs = (0.2836 x L x effy x Nd) / (Ne)



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effy - efficiency

Ne - english count

Nd - No of delvieries

(2). P =( L x 1.0936 x 60 x effy ) / (hank (Ne) x 36 x 840 x 2.2045)

P - production in kgs / hr


effy- efficiency

Ne - English count ( number of 840 yards in one pound)

840 - constant

2.2045- to convert from lbs to kilograms

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