molecules, mixtures, and reactions. p e p e atoms don’t always exist alone
TRANSCRIPT
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Molecules, Mixtures, and Reactions
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P
e
P
e
Atoms don’t always exist alone.
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P
e
P
P
P NN N
e
e
e
Atoms don’t always exist alone.
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P
e
P
P
P NN N
e
ee
I’m stable! Me too!
Sometimes atoms become more “stable” when combined with other atoms. Together, they are called a Molecule.
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P
e
P
e
We Are Stable
Together!
Sometimes atoms become more “stable” when combined with other atoms. Together, they are called a Molecule.
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Molecules
• Molecules: When two or more atoms combine.
• On the left is an example of Sodium (Na) joining with Clorine (Cl) to make NaCl, table salt.
Image Courtesy of http://lc.brooklyn.cuny.edu/smarttutor/core3_21/images/nature/9.a.Ionicbond-nacl.gif
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Two Types of MoleculesMolecules
Elements Compounds
Elements are molecules that consist of only one type of atom.
Compounds are molecules that consist of two or more different types of atom.
Examples:1) O2
2) O3
3) H2
Examples:1) H2O2) CO2
3) C6H12O6
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Elements
O2
O
OH2
H
H
O3
O
O
O
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Compounds
H2O
Cl
Na
NaCl
H
H
CO2
C
O
O
O
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Mixtures
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Two Types of MixturesMixtures
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Homogeneous means that the mixture can be physically separated back to their original forms, if needed.
Heterogeneous means that one part has dissolved into another part to make something that can only be separated using chemistry.
Examples:1) Box of crayons2) Jar of different colored
marbles3) Bag of Halloween Trick or
Treat candy.
Examples:1) Kool-aid2) Saltwater3) Lemonade Mix
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Heterogeneous Mixture
Image Courtesy of http://flatographics.com/images/how_11.jpg
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Heterogeneous Mixture
Image Courtesy ofhttp://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/NGSPOD05/112503~Close-View-of-Colorful-Glass-Marbles-in-a-Jar-Posters.jpg
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Heterogeneous Mixture
Image Courtesy http://farm1.static.flickr.com/65/188741790_21e785c8ce.jpg
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Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Image Courtesyhttp://www.stjamesfestival.org/07Koolaid.gif
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Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Image Courtesy of Mr. Lin
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Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Image Courtesy of http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/944/50508273.JPG
Solute: The part that will be dissolved
Solvent: The part that will dissolve the solute.
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Physical Versus Chemical Reaction
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Physical Reaction
• Physical Reaction: Occurs when something happens, but it remains the same material.
• Examples: – Ripping Paper– Molding Clay– Cutting WoodImage Courtesy of
http://www.martialartsinsurance.com/NR/rdonlyres/0D7F63AB-A236-44F7-97C9-208E40917DF5/0/BoardBreak.jpg
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Chemical Reaction• Chemical Reaction:
Occurs when something happens, and the end result is a totally different material than how it started.
• Examples: – Burning Paper– Food Digesting
Image Courtesy of http://tiee.ecoed.net/vol/v3/issues/frontier_sets/yellowstone/img/forest_fire%5BHR%5D.jpg
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Signs of a Chemical Reaction: Change in Color
Image Courtesy of http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/286439.jpg
Image Courtesy of http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/7/75/250px-Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg
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Signs of a Chemical Reaction: Change in Smell or Taste
Image Courtesy of http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/71/14/23031471.jpg
Image Courtesy of http://www.roadfood.com/photos/4340.jpg
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Chemical Reactions
(Show “Traits of Chemical Reactions” Video Segment)