monitoring achievement of the mdgs among the disabled: current initiatives and remaining challenges...
TRANSCRIPT
Monitoring achievement of the MDGs
among the disabled:
current initiatives and remaining challenges
Maria Martinho
United Nations Statistics Division
DESA, New York
mdgs.un.org
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation
Mozambique, 4 March 2010
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Outline
1. MDG monitoring: global and national
2. Disability and the MDGs: initiatives so far
3. Monitoring achievement of the MDGs among the disabled
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs
● The MDGs are based on the commitments made by UN Member States in the Millennium Declaration in 2000
● An Inter-agency and Expert Group (IAEG) was created to translate these commitments into operational targets and measurable indicators
Eradicate extreme
poverty… which indicator can
monitor poverty?
– The IAEG is now composed of over 25 international agencies, UN Regional Commissions and national statistical offices UISWHOWB ITU Unicef
FAO
Shall we use net school
enrolment?
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs
● The resulting MDG framework includes 8 Goals, 21 targets and 60 indicators
Official list of MDG Indicators
All indicators should be disaggregated by sex and urban/rural as far as possible.
Effective 15 January 2008
Goals and Targets Indicators for monitoring progress
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target 1.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day
1.1 Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day
1.2 Poverty gap ratio
1.3 Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
… …Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Target 4.A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate
4.1 Under-five mortality rate4.2 Infant mortality rate4.3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles
… …
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDG monitoring
● Once the MDG framework was set, there was a need to put in place a mechanism to monitor progress towards the MDGs in order to inform policy makers and contribute to evidence based policy
Global monitoring
The IAEG is responsible for assessing yearly global and
regional progress towards the MDGs
What’s happening at the global level?
What’s happening in countries?
National monitoring
Country institutions and teams gather and analyze data
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Global versus national MDG monitoring
Global monitoring National monitoring
MDG framework MDG framework sometimes adapted to reflect national circumstances
Assessment for major regions (Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Asia, Oceania, etc)
Assessment at national and sub-national levels
Every year, an MDG report is distributed to the General Assembly, policy makers, the media and the general public
National, and sometimes sub-national MDG reports; frequency depends on the country
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs: how are they monitored globally?
UNSD analyses regional data and evaluates global
trends
The specialized agencies report data for countries and regions worldwide
Countries produce data
Countries send data to agencies
Agencies send data to UNSD
UNSD, in collaboration with the IAEG, provides technical assistance to
countries on how to produce data:
Workshops
Manuals
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs: how are they monitored globally?
Charts are used to show difference among regions
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs & Special population groups
● Some goals/targets appeal for universal achievements, e.g. Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education
● Therefore, it is important to reach everyone, including special groups like women, refugees, etc.
● Subsections in the report or special outputs are sometimes devoted to special groups
Amidst many deprivations, refugee childrenare often denied educational opportunities
…full primary school enrolment has been achieved in only 6 out of 10 camps …
MDG Gender Chart
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs & Special population groups
Amidst many deprivations, refugee childrenare often denied educational opportunities
…full primary school enrolment has been achieved in only 6 out of 10 camps …
MDG Gender Chart
Available data are used to show trends and assess progressin the specific population groups
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs & PWD
● Persons with disabilities are often denied their rights to education, a decent employment, proper health care and accessible sanitation facilities
MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education
Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
MDGs & PWD
● To achieve the MDGs, it is essential to involve the less advantaged groups, like women, refugees and persons with disabilities
● Women and refugees were mentioned in the Millennium Declaration
● Persons with disabilities were NOT included in the Millennium Declaration
How to mainstream disabilities in the MDG monitoring process now?
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Disability & MDGs: Initiatives so far
● Countries have started to recognize the importance of including persons with disabilities in the monitoring of the MDGs:
Resolution on Realizing the Millennium Development Goals for Persons with Disabilities - adopted by the Third Committee of the General Assembly in November 2009
● Calls on Governments to build a knowledge base of data and information about the situation of persons with disabilities
● Encourages Member States to make use of statistics to integrate a disability perspective in reviewing their progress towards realizing the Millennium Development Goals for all
Some countries have already included in their MDG reports information and sometimes data about persons with disabilities: Thailand, Serbia, Ecuador
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Disability & MDGs: where are the data?
● Lack of good quality data can discourage MDG country teams to report information on persons with disabilities In some cases there is no data at all In others the data are difficult to interpret
0%
10%
20%
Age
MaleFemale
1991 census: Is anyone in the household in the census night disabled?
2001 census: Do you have any difficulty in
moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, that has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?
Uganda
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Disability & MDGs: where are the data?
● How are countries dealing with the lack of data on MDG indicators disaggregated for persons with and without disabilities? Some countries, like Ecuador, report on the number of people
covered by initiatives and programs for persons with disabilities (social protection, food assistance)
Other countries, like Cambodia, have added targets & indicators for specific groups • CMDG Indicator 9.4: Numbers of landmine/UXO victims
receiving an assistance package and integrated into the society
● In the long term, however, it’s important to develop good methods for the collection of data on persons with disabilities
GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010
Monitoring MDG progress among persons with disabilities
● Identify indicators which can be used to monitor MDG progress among persons with disabilities
– Explore existing data: can they tell a story on persons with disabilities?
– Are there any data for specific groups of persons with disabilities which can be measured more easily?
– Collect on a regular basis to assess progress (e.g. combine irregular comprehensive surveys with regular short surveys)
● Participate in international initiatives to develop better methods for the collection of disability data