Montreal, Quebec November 23-25, 2016

Table of Contents

Page

Presidents Message ……………………………………………………………….. 3

General Information ………………………………………………………………. 3

Venue Information ………………………………………………………………... 4

CRHNet 2016 Symposium Program ……………………………………………… 5

Social Media Information ………………………………………………………… 10

Symposium Poster Presentation Abstracts ……………………………………….. 11

Symposium Session Abstracts …………………………………………………… 16

CRHNet Awards Program ……………………………………………………….. 41

CRHNet Board Members ………………………………………………………... 42

Sponsors & Exhibitors …………………………………………………………… 43

Notes ……………………………………………………………………………... 44

2

President’s Welcome Message

This year’s symposium is occurring in the context of several pivotal events. Our federal government is cur-

rently working actively with partners and stakeholders to update the national policy framework for emergency

management. Canada’s Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (and this week’s Roundtable) provides citizens

and organizations such as ours, opportunity to contribute meaningfully to that effort. Concurrently, our gov-

ernments and other actors are now more actively addressing the challenges posed by a changing climate. Our

Network and this Symposium serve to support those efforts.

As we approach the 100th anniversary of the Halifax Explosion, perhaps Canada’s worst disaster, it is appro-

priate to improve our understanding of the present and emerging risks and hazards facing our nation, and to

consider how we can engage citizens, and contribute, individually and collectively, to a more resilient Cana-

da. We are pleased to offer this Symposium, in order to enable greater understanding, foster collaboration,

and ultimately inspire resilience.

E. MacGillivray

President

Canadian Risk and Hazard Network

General Information

Purpose

The CRHNet is a not-for-profit organization established in 2003 to promote and strengthen disaster risk reduc-

tion and emergency management in Canada. The Network creates an environment for hazards research, educa-

tion and emergency management practitioner communities to effectively share knowledge and innovative ap-

proaches that reduce disaster vulnerability.

CRHNet's theme of 'Reducing Risk through Partnerships' calls attention to the need for partnerships to en-

hance the understanding of, and provide tools for, the development of comprehensive programs to mitigate,

prepare for, respond to and recover from all types of disasters - natural, technological or human-induced.

The annual symposia are intended to provide a forum to bring together the emergency management communi-

ties to build new partnerships while strengthening existing one; to present new ideas on emergency manage-

ment, and to provide a venue for discussion.

Themes

Beyond the call for a shared responsibility, everyone possesses assets for disaster resilience, and more im-

portantly, everyone deserves a share of the benefits in making Canada a disaster resilient country. By mobi-

lizing key sectors, and creating organizational linkages, progress can be made in the consensus of goals and

priorities to strengthen and adopt more collective DRR thinking.

Canadian Risk and Hazards Network Annual Symposium is the ideal environment to debate, discuss and in-

fluence change within Public, Private and grassroots sectors. Adaptive capabilities and capacities will be ex-

plored through collaborative sessions to Inspiring Resilience in disaster risk reduction.

Please Note: presentations will be in the presenter ’s language of choice. This applies to keynotes/

plenaries and breakout sessions. Simultaneous translation services will be available for the keynote/plenary

sessions but not for the breakout sessions.

3

Venue Information

The 13th Annual CRHNET Symposium will be held November 23-25th, 2016 at the Hyatt Regency Montre-

al, Quebec. The symposium will be held in the following areas:

Level 5 Level 4

Symphonie 1 Petit Soprano

Symphonie 2 Soprano A

Soprano B

Soprano C

Foyer

4

CRHNet 2016 Symposium Program

Please Note: presentations will be in the presenter ’s language of choice. This applies to keynotes/

plenaries and breakout sessions. Simultaneous translation services will be available for the keynote/plenary

sessions but not for the breakout sessions.

Day 1: Wednesday, November 23rd, 2016

7:30-5:30 Registration (Foyer)

8:30-9:00

Soprano A

Welcome

Ernie MacGillivray, CRHNet President

9:00

Soprano A

Ron Kuban Keynote: Canada at

Risk: How Can Science Help in

Reducing Vulnerability to Natu-

ral Hazards?

E. Boucher, P. Gachon, D. Germain, Y.

Baudouin, P. Bernatchez, T. Buffin-

Bélanger

10:00 Networking Break (Foyer)

10:30 – 12:00 Concurrent Sessions:

Session 1A:

Collaborative

Initiatives

(Soprano B)

Session 2A:

Quebec Emergency

Management Response

and Initiatives

(Soprano C)

Session 3A:

Resilience in Civil

Society

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4A:

Early Career Emergency

Management Profession-

als

(Symphonie 2)

10:30 Learning from two Resil-

iency Projects in New

Brunswick

E. Oldfield

The rise of networked

emergency management

in Canada: From emer-

gence to governance

S. Waldman, L. Yuma-

lugova, Z. Mackwani, C.

Benson, J. Stone

Professional Development

in the Emergency Man-

agement Field

Moderator: S-M. Guindon

Panelists:

N. Chebroux

D. Grant

L. Gauthier

F. Saint-Mleux

Rail accident in Lac-

Megantic

J. Savard

11:00 Risk Matrices: The

Good, The Bad, and The

Ugly

D. E. Etkin, A. Mamuji

Potentiel de résilience

d'une organisation -

Application à des ser-

vices municipaux.

D. Micouleau, B. Robert

L'optimisation

des services d'urgence

hors du réseau routier

M.Grenon

11:30 TBA TBA Increasing the perfor-

mance and the efficien-

cy of emergency re-

sponse volunteer or-

ganizations for a better

resilience

D. Bordeleau

5

Session 1B:

Collaborative

Initiatives

(Soprano B)

Session 2B:

Understanding Risk

(Soprano C)

Session 3B:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4B:

Youth and Disasters

(Symphonie 2)

1:30

Strategic and tactical

viewpoints for improv-

ing resiliency

E. Oldfield , F. Dercole,

Y. Hémond

Inspiring Resilience:

Survivors of the Flood

S. Williams

Youth, Disasters and the

Implementation of the

Sendai Framework

Cox, R. S., Scannell, L. +

Youth Co-presenters

Safety and Environ-

mental Risk Model for

Inland Water Trans-

portation

S.O. Olanrewaju

2:00 Panel Discussion Fire Management Part-

nerships in Ontario

J. Mash, W. Skead

Panel discussion/ workshop Sizing Up Natural Dis-

asters

H. J. Caldera, S. C.

Wirasinghe

2:30 Panel Discussion Panel discussion/ workshop Risk assessment capa-

bility in Canada?

N.L. Hastings

3:00-3:30 Break (Foyer)

3:30-5:00 Concurrent Sessions

Session 1C:

Collaborative Initiatives

(Soprano B)

Session 2C:

Understanding Risk

(Soprano C)

Session 3C:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4C:

Youth and Disasters

(Symphonie 2)

3:30 Supply Chain Analysis

and Management - Con-

cept of Operations

M.I. Jardine, R. King

Identifying who and

what are at risk, and

why

J.M. Journeay, W.

Chow, C.L. Wagner

Leviathan II Rescue -

Lessons Learned - Ap-

plication of the Incident

Command System

G Hayes, L. Swan, M.

D'Aquino

Alberta Resilient Com-

munities: A Collaborative

Research Initiative on

Engaging Children and

Youth in Community Re-

silience Post-Flood in

Southern Alberta

J. Drolet, R. Cox , C.

McDonald-Harker

1:00-1:30 Poster Session (Foyer)

1:30-3:00 Concurrent Sessions:

12:00-1:30

Soprano A

Lunch

Plenary: International

Responder Session

Panel: M. Bosco, D. Cotter, Y. Kron, C.

Murray, M. Williamson, G. Smith, S.

Tangen, P. Waters

6

Day 2: Thursday, November 24th, 2016

8:30-9:00 Opening Remarks (Soprano A)

9:00

Soprano A

Keynote Speaker: L. Bradette Développement d'une stratégie de

résilience pour la Ville de Montréal

10:00 Networking Break (Foyer)

10:30 – 12:00 Concurrent Sessions:

5:30-7:30

Soprano A

Opening Reception and Award Ceremony:

Lifetime Achievement Award

Larry Pearce Education Award

Symposium Travel Bursary

Session 1D:

Disaster Rescue and Re-

sponse

(Soprano B)

Session 2D:

Legislation, Policy and

Implementation

(Soprano C)

Session 3D:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4D:

Risk and Emergency

Communication

(Symphonie 2)

10:30 Search and Rescue Les-

sons Learned

N. Meunier

Intergovernmental Co-

operation in Emergen-

cy Management

M.C. Doré

Overview of OFNTSC'S

Emergency Planning

Program

B. Staats, W. Bova

Handling the media spot-

light in times of crisis

J. Stanton

11:00 The Incident Manage-

ment Model for Nuclear

Emergency Manage-

ment: An Evaluation

D. Grant

Science and technology

challenges from the

United Nation's Office

of Disaster Risk Re-

duction's Sendai

Framework (2015)

S. Waldman, S. Verga

St’at’imc Government

Services / Canadian Red

Cross: a Disaster Plan-

ning and Preparedness

Partnership

B. Row, C. Casper

Improving Flood Risk

Awareness to Drive Be-

havioural Change

S. Peddle

Leviathan II Rescue -

Lessons Learned - Ap-

plication of the Incident

Command System

Continued...

4:00 Exploring the Effective-

ness of Humanitarian

NGO-Private Sector

Collaborations – Inter-

esting & Unlikely Alli-

ances?

R.K Nevraumont, L. van

Wassenhove

Working together to

reduce earthquake risk

in western Canada

J.M. Journeay, T.I. Al-

len, A.L. Bird, N.L.

Hastings, R. White, V.

Silva, C. Burton

Panel discussion/ workshop

4:30 Analysis of International

Minimum Standards

and Non-Binding Guide-

lines for NGO and Gov-

ernment Sectors

D.O. Stodilka

Scenario earthquake

models developed for

British Columbia - pi-

lot project in the appli-

cation of OpenQuake

A.L. Bird, T.I. Allen,

J.M. Journeay, J. F. Cas-

sidy, M. M. Côté

Psychosocial Response

to Disaster: A First Na-

tion Perspective

D. Munro

Panel discussion/ workshop

7

3:00– 3:30 Networking Break (Foyer)

3:00– 3:30 Poster Presentation (Foyer)

3:30 – 4:30 Concurrent Sessions:

12:00-1:30 Lunch (Soprano A)

12:30-1:30 CRHNet Annual General Meeting (Soprano A)

1:30 – 3:00 Concurrent Sessions:

Session 1E:

Disaster Rescue and

Response

(Soprano B)

Session 2E:

Risk Management and Ad-

aptation

(Soprano C)

Session 3E:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4E:

Disaster Risk Reduc-

tion: Holistic Perspec-

tives

(Symphonie 2)

1:30 Preparing the Ark:

Hazards and Animal

Safety in Barrow,

Alaska

H. Squance, L. Watson,

S. Coburn, A. Garland

PERCIAS Applied The-

ater (Perceptions of

Risk, Communication,

Interpretation, and Ac-

tion in Social-Ecological

Systems) in Barrow

A. Garland, H. Kilioni, F.

Brower, A. Bukvic, T.

Scott, I. Kelman, R. Bar-

rios, M. Clayton, S.

Moore

Re-imagining the

shoreline: Opportuni-

ties for Managed Re-

treat

A. Rutledge

Developing Canada's Na-

tional Risk Profile

M. Godsoe, S. Friesen

2:00 Child-Focused Emer-

gency Response: Fort

McMurray Case

Study

S. Patel

Why ARMNet? Unique

challenges in Arctic Risk

Management and Re-

sponse

L. Benoit, C. Linguard

Digital Volunteers and

Emergency Manage-

ment: the Fort

McMurray and Can-

VOST Experience

P. Cloutier

L’adaptation des petites et

moyennes entreprises aux

changements climatiques

A. Lefkir, B. Robert, Y. Hé-

mond, MM. Giguère

2:30 Mass Casualty Re-

sponse Capabilities

S. Beaudoin

Developments in the De-

sign of Amphibious Pro-

totypes for Indigenous

Communities

E. English

Arrivée massive de ré-

fugiés syriens: Mobili-

sation du réseau mont-

réalais de la santé et

des services sociaux

E. St-Arnaud, C. Dusa-

blon

Gestion de l’information et

vulnérabilité au sein des

petites et moyennes entre-

prises

A. Benon, B. Robert, Y. Hé-

mond

11:30 Improvements and Vali-

dation of Earth Obser-

vation Based Geomatics

Products for Emergency

Decision-Support

J.-S. Proulx-Bourque, A.

Deschamps, S. Tolszczuk-

Leclerc, M. Beauchemin,

J. Joost Van der Sanden

TBA

Emergency Prepared-

ness for First Nations

Children and Families:

Lessons Learned from

Save the Children’s Pi-

lot Projects

O. Fernandes

Le risque le plus occulté :

la communication des

risques

J-B Guindon

8

Day 3: Friday, November 25th, 2016

8:30-9:00 Opening Remarks (Soprano A)

9:00-10:30 Concurrent Sessions:

Session 1G:

Understanding Risks

and Vulnerabilities

(Soprano B)

Session 2G:

Hazards and Disaster

Risk Reduction in Indone-

sia

(Soprano C)

Session 3G:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4G:

Measuring Success

(Symphonie 2)

9:00 Resilient Coasts Cana-

da: An online platform

for connecting commu-

nities to improve resili-

ence to coastal hazards

G. Oulahen, S. Chang, J.

Z. K. Yip, T. Conger, M.

Marteleira, C. Carter, E.

Gray

Student Field Course Ex-

periences – Natural Disas-

ters and Hazards in Indo-

nesia

L. Willmott, B. Doberstein

Utilization of Forest Cov-

er and Protected Areas to

Improve Resilience and

Mitigate the Intensity of

Disasters on Java Island

J. Lam

INAC, EMAP, and First

Nations Resiliency

T.Kuiack, D.A. Diabo, J.

Fisk, J. Stevens

Regional Coopera-

tion, Operability, and

Organizational Part-

nerships: Using Game

Theory to Assess Inte-

gration in TIGA for

DRR

A. Garland, R. Jacobs,

J. Zhuang, S. Garland

9:30 Governance process of

proactive urban resili-

ence

J.-M. Normandin

Emergencies from a First

Nation Perspective

Grand Chief R. Michel,

Commissioner R. Kent

Professional associa-

tions’ contributions to

communities' disaster

resilience

E-M. Cormier, D. Bor-

deleau

5:30 Social Gathering—Meet & Greet

Session 1F:

Disaster Recovery

(Soprano B)

Session 2F:

Hazards and Disaster Risk

Reduction in Indonesia

(Soprano C)

Session 3F:

Resilience in Indigenous

Communities

(Symphonie 1)

Session 4F:

Canadian Contribu-

tions to Resiliency

Abroad (Symphonie 2)

3:30 Natural Disasters and

Hazards: An Unfore-

seen Catalyst for Long

-Term Economic and

Social Development

H. H. Lam

Improving health outcomes

from natural hazards in

Indonesia: Health impacts

and ways forward through

local women leadership

A. Rutledge

First Nations as Earth

Observation Citizen-

Scientists

S. Tolszczuk-Leclerc, V.

Decker

L’éclosion d’Ébola, un

défi à la résilience de la

Guinée

Lise Gauthier

4:00 Adaptation du proces-

sus de continuité des

opérations pour les

petites et moyennes

entreprises

T. Plamondon-

Tremblay, B. Robert, Y.

Hémond

Preventing Post-Disaster

Resettlement in High-

Risk Areas of Indonesia

A. Dalley

Sharing Indigenous

Knowledge to Enhance

Disaster Resilience

B. Murphy, A. Chretien,

L. Pearce

Le bénévolat au coeur

des catastrophes

N. Chebroux

9

10:30-11:00 Break (Foyer)

11:00-12:00

Soprano A

Closing Plenary: Inspiring Resilience

Vulnerability awareness and reduction, The resilient and the complex or-

ganization, J -M. Normandin

Indigenous-led DRR Through Social Innovation, M. Goodchild

12:00-1:00

Soprano A

Lunch/Closing Remarks/Traditional Closing

Social Media—Join Us & Share!

Twitter: Do you want to share some of the highlights of the Symposium with your

friends and colleagues or see what others are saying? Tweeting is welcome! Use the

hash tag #CRHNET16. You can also follow CRHNet on Twitter through the handle

@CRHNET.

Facebook: Looking to join in the discussion on Facebook? Join the CRHNet

Young Professionals Group. https://www.facebook.com/groups/226314887482727/

LinkedIn: Join us on LinkedIn under the ‘Canadian Risk and Hazards Net-

work’ Group. https://www.linkedin.com/groups/3662609

Perspectives of Post-

Disaster Reconstruction

Success: Lessons from

Indonesia

B. Woodhall

The Governance of Natu-

ral Hazard and Disaster

Management and Re-

source Extraction in Indo-

nesia

B. Rahman

10:00 TBA Emergencies from a First

Nation Perspective

Continued...

TBA

10

Symposium Poster Presentations

Benoit L., Garland A., Murphy B. The Arctic Risk Management Network (ARMNet)

This poster provides an overview/review of the proposed Arctic Risk Management Network and the

emergency/risk management gaps it will address. As the network moves from the feasibility to the development

stage, its proponents wish to continue the dialogue with the greater Canadian DRR community and provide

evidence and scenarios that further validate the creation and development of this polar network. ARMNet’s

vision is to: enhance civil security, safety and resilience in the Arctic through improved bilateral

communications, interoperability and collaboration in applied research in Arctic risk and emergency

management. ARMNet will: Provide a sustainable, accessible and effective Arctic risk management program;

Ensure high quality polar research reaches the hands of the Northern risk and emergency managers, First

Responders and Arctic communities that can most benefit from it; Encourage a greater exchange of EM best

practises and improve collaboration and interoperability across the North American Arctic; Respond directly to

Canada’s commitment to Arctic leadership and bilateral cooperation with the United States on Arctic resiliency

and other international commitments on the Arctic.

Dupont, D., Jones, P. Citizen and Community Group Emergence during Emergencies and Disasters

This poster presentation will be a synthesis map presenting research and analysis from select disaster case

studies and will document the change in citizen emergence over time, including the expansion of platforms, tools

and skills. Case studies to be selected will be events of significant scope and magnitude that have created

disruption and stress on local response structures. The goal of this research is to assist in the understanding of

this complex social system and to identify future opportunities for design and integration with local emergency

management planning. The scope of this research will include digitally emergent volunteers, use of citizen

science and crowdsourcing.

English, E. The Economic Argument for Amphibious Retrofit

Amphibious architecture is a non‑defensive flood mitigation and climate change adaptation strategy that works

in synchrony with a flood prone region’s natural cycles of flooding. An amphibious foundation retains a home’s

connection to the ground by resting firmly on the earth under usual circumstances, yet it allows a building to

float as high as necessary when flooding occurs. Unlike houses elevated to a fixed level, amphibious houses can

easily accommodate varying levels of floodwater.

Amphibious construction also offers economic benefits compared to permanent static elevation. Detailed

comparisons of costs show that amphibious retrofits on average range from 1/3 to 1/2 of the cost of PSE. In new

construction applications, an additional 5 to 10 percent cost is incurred, however this is a net saving when

compared to costs associated with flood damage. Loss avoidance analyses performed for amphibious retrofits in

two locations demonstrate the potential cost savings of adopting buoyant foundation retrofits as a flood

mitigation strategy.

Lastly, permanent static elevation (PSE) increases a building’s vulnerability to wind damage when compared

with an amphibiated building. Our recent study determined that elevating the mean roof height of a home from

4m to 10m by implementing PSE creates a 75% increase in expected annual loss. Amphibious buildings, as they

remain close to the earth’s surface during windstorms, do not experience this increased exposure to wind. The

poster will discuss the measurable cost savings of amphibious construction through loss avoidance and wind

vulnerability studies conducted on proposed amphibious projects.

Kenny, C.A. Collaborative Refugee Resettlement: Exploring Factors Affecting Volunteer Management in

Resettlement Agencies

My proposed poster, “Collaborative Refugee Resettlement: The Influence of Planning on Resettlement

11

Agencies’ Volunteer Management,” will focus on the inherently collaborative nature of refugee resettlement,

using the Government of Canada’s Syrian refugee resettlement initiative as an example. The poster will be based

on interviews I have conducted with employees of Resettlement Assistance Program Service Provider

Organizations (RAP SPOs), who provide resettlement assistance for Government-Assisted Refugees (GARs);

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) employees; and employees of refugee and immigrant

service provider umbrella organizations, who often advocate for service providers and liaise between service

providers and the Government. I will include an introduction to Canada’s refugee resettlement program, an

overview of the Syrian refugee resettlement initiative, a timeline of how the Government planned for the

settlement and community integration phase and the role of RAP agencies in this planning, and planning factors

that appear to affect a RAP agency’s ability to involve volunteers in the resettlement process.

Preliminary analysis of my data indicates that every RAP agency harnessed energy from their communities in

various ways, creating a resettlement process that “was more of a community work, rather than an agency

work,” as described by one respondent. Collaboration included involvement from the public, provincial

governments and departments, and other community organizations. However, the engagement of the public

varied among RAP agencies, as some appeared better able to strategically harness this public desire to help than

others. The degree of structured and formalized volunteer initiatives appears to have been influenced by

characteristics such as the amount of time a RAP agency had to plan for the initiative, the pace of refugee arrival

to their destination communities, and the ability for RAP agencies to activate pre-existing volunteer management

structures.

Murphy, B., Gunson, B. Ontario Rural Municipal Emergency Management (EM) and Critical

Infrastructure: Enhancing Planning and Preparedness Capacities for Climate Change Resilience

Climate change is leading to increasing impacts on critical infrastructure in rural Ontario, yet knowledge gaps

exist regarding the distinct vulnerabilities and resiliencies in rural communities. The study aims to enhance the

adaptive capacities of Ontario’s rural and Indigenous communities to growing climate change threats from

extreme events by integrating emergency management (EM) with critical infrastructure planning. To assess

current rural EM resiliencies, a province-wide online survey targeted at rural mayors and community emergency

management coordinators (CEMC’s) identified current rural EM planning capacities and extreme event risks. At

the community level, case studies were conducted involving workshops and photovoice projects with citizens of

Wawa, ON (2012 flood) and Goderich ON (2011 tornado). The poster will outline the results of these two

phases of the project.

Sheikh,abul kashem, Arifin, F. The School age- children: Their Nutrition & Health

Half to the world goes hungry every day and countless thousands are struggling to survive with an income of

less than U$2 per capita per day Children of Afghanistan, Southern Africa and Ethiopia are in serious situation.

Afghan parent get relief if their children able to get a place in an orphanage because they are simply unable to

feed them. There are the reports of children being sold for bags of wheat.

The startling consequence of poverty in Bangladesh is that more than 50 percent of the population is the victim

of some form of malnutrition. Many thousands of children do not get enough food, enough right kinds of food to

eat to grow. They do not grow up as clever, as healthy, as tall, as they should be. Thousands of children die

every year before they reach five years of age due to malnutrition and related diseases. The studies shows that

high level of nutritional deprivation combined with heavy burned of disease in school going age-children has

negative consequence for a child's long term development

A child who eats no breakfast performs poorly in tasks of concentration. His or her attention spans are shorter an

even shows lower. IQs on testing than his well-fed peers. We cannot expect this child to learn & perform good

work or get good grade when no fuel has been provided when needed.

Class teacher may scold the students for their inattentiveness in the class. But they are not aware of the fact that

12

by the late morning discomfort form hunger may become distracting even if a child has eaten breakfast.

The children facing the problem that arises when attempt having school work on an empty stomach may be due

to hypoglycemia. The average child up to the age of 10 or so needs to eat every four to six hours to maintain a

blood glucose concentration high enough to support the activity of the brain & nervous system. Brain is the chief

glucose consumer.

van Zijll de Jong, S. Jurisdiction Scan of Canadian Geohazards Programs and Projects

This study evolved during a project focused on developing a Geohazards Program Framework for the Ontario

Geological Survey in 2016. It was aimed at understanding whether Canadian Provincial Geological Surveys

have geohazard programs or projects to provide geoscience information for hazard identification to improve risk

assessments. It also sought to determine if these have resulted in improved regulation of land use planning or

building community resilience to disaster risk. I used several methods to assess if Canadian Provincial

Geological Surveys had geohazard programs or projects. These included: interviews with key informants (face-

to-face, telephone and email) and reviewing geohazard project information products available on the Internet.

This paper presents the results of my research investigating how provincial governments took a strategic view of

geoscience within the provincial government to support land use planning. Research noted that:

British Columbia, Ministry of Forestry identified a number of climate change related landslide –

earthquake relationships and case studies;

Alberta Geological Survey produced an Alberta earthquake catalog and information products on

geological setting for large landslides:

Alberta Archaeological Survey designed and oversaw historic resource impact assessments and post

event surveys;

Nova Scotia Geological Survey refined their land use planning information management and outreach

communication initiatives;

Yukon Geological Survey developed their methods in two well-developed community hazard mapping

projects with Northern ExChange

This report, along with our poster paper Canadian Hazard Risk Land Use Plans (presented at the 2016 World

Conference on Disaster Management Research) is the first known systematic multidisciplinary study that

investigates how the Canadian Federal Government commitment to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-

2015 and the 2015 Sendai Framework influences provincial geohazard datasets and products.

It acknowledges that the information architecture developed in the 2015 Geological Survey of Canada Risk

Based Land Use Guide (Struik et al 2015) includes best practices and focusing on understanding context to share

new insights into risk based land use planning through advances in new approaches and tools. Yet – the key

question remains: whether geohazards programs or projects provide fit-for-purpose geoscience information for

hazard identification to improve risk assessments, and if the production of this geoscience information is

causally related to changes in community resilience, changes in land use planning or public health regulation

outcomes.

van Zijll de Jong, S., Tapscott, M., Hashmi, S., Draper, D., Bardeggia, L., and Paquin, E. Far North Ontario

Geohazards, Risks and Resilience

This poster paper presentation describes a study developed to identify hazards that influence critical

infrastructure exposure to climate change hazard risk. We built a preliminary database of Far North Ontario

geohazards integrated with climate change, using the Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) Far North Atlas (also

known as the Land Use Planning Geoscience Atlas), extensive datasets that OGS posted on Geology Ontario

(Miscellaneous Data Release and Open File Reports), data from Environment Canada, information products

from NRCan GeoAnalytics and Emergency Geomatics Service and other sources. Factors examined included

13

geoscience context, observations of geohazard events and climate change, characteristics of Far North Ontario

communities and geographic location, building blocks for land use planning (such as the Far North Land Use

Planning Strategy) and specific disaster risk reduction activities, such as integrating First Nations’ traditional

knowledge into land use planning and Far North Emergency Response plans.

Next steps for the study will also be highlighted. These include characterizing critical infrastructure exposure

distributions in Far North Ontario, emphasizing geological controls, socio-economic consequences and lessons

learnt from Far North emergency response activities.

van Zijll de Jong, S. and Leybourne, M. Canadian Radon RiskScapes: Current Use of Geoscience in Public

Safety Decision Making

How many people understand information about the geological occurrence of igneous rocks and clays and use it

to assess the ground on which they live or plan to develop? How many insurers, media, residential home

builders, town planners or home owners know that geoscientists can identify areas prone to radon gas emissions

and radioactive elements? Do decision makers understand the relevance of geoscience? Does the general public

understand that the radon concentration in air is expressed in SI units of Bq/m3 (becquerels per cubic meter),

based on the SI unit for radioactivity (the Becquerel, symbol: Bq), which corresponds to one radioactive

disintegration per second?

Concerned about these questions, the geographic information specialists (GIS) and geoscientists at the

Geological Services Division of the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources created data sets and a

provincial map that make information about radon hazard risk easy to obtain, use and understand. Seeking to

prevent lung cancer in Nova Scotia communities, they produced an interactive map showing radon levels

throughout the province.

Similar to the Nova Scotia case study, the Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) acknowledges that the term radon

hazard risk is emotive. Many people think of natural hazards as being catastrophic (such as earthquakes,

tsunamis and floods). Current discussions in academia, federal and provincial circles are discussing the potential

to develop geoscience-based radon hazard potential maps to support risk assessment, decision-making and

policy and regulations (building code, zoning, etc.). At Laurentian University, we combine details about the

provinces’ radon risk scape and bedrock geology to suggest the probable origins of Ontario’s radon risk.

This report, along with the preliminary OGS report 2016 Preliminary Review of Hazard Risk in Ontario,

Canada: Geogenic Radon Potential is the first known systematic multidisciplinary study that investigates how

Health Canada’s radon awareness program supports evidence-based policy and regulatory developments in

Ontario. In Ontario, for example, Public Health Ontario has determined that the annual environment burden of

cancer from radon is 1,080-1550 new cancer cases per year. While radon is expected to contribute to cancer in

Ontario, the building sector has concrete initiatives. They are taking immediate action by recommending the

revision of building codes, testing homes and fixing issues to reduce health risk from exposure to radon (see Bill

11, Radon Awareness and Prevention Act, 2014 and Bill 96, Radon Awareness and Prevention Act, 2013).

However, in order to better prepare communities to radon hazard risks, appropriate radon riskscape terminology

is required to explain the relevance of factors - such as geological controls - in Health Canada’s radon public

awareness program detailing the potential socio-economic consequences.

van Zijll de Jong, S. and Jackson, B. Planning for Super El Niño 2016: Pasifika Islanders’ Food Security,

Climate Change Projections and International Information Arc

International activities in applying satellite observations and data involve many actors who support disaster risk

management in the Pacific, Indeed, the El Nino 2016 drought forecasts raise new questions about how Pasifika

Island communities adapt water/food security strategies to climate chaos and potential humanitarian disasters. It

highlights the role of user access to good information to develop situational awareness and support decision-

making.

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Informed by research from information ecology, geospatial information for disaster risk management, and

participatory community development, this project involves discovering how actionable information products

from these Earth observations are developed by international agencies (SPC, UNICEF, UNDP & WHO, FAO

and others) to best support Pacific Nations in times of rapid socio-economic change.

Preliminary analysis details how SPC, FAO and other UN bodies seek to understand and leverage relationships

between Pacific Island Nations’ needs, task and food insecure experiences to prepare Pasifika women, men and

children for the anticipated impact of El Nino 2016 droughts on local food security. Super El Niño 2016 is

having an impact upon Pacific Island Nations: cyclones, torrential rains, flooding, landslides, windstorms and

salinization of soils. All this has caused damage to water infrastructure and food crops, creating water and food

shortages.

Those looking to understand how international efforts to apply satellite information to disaster risk management

initiatives are connected to local Pasifika Island food insecurity will find this presentation useful

Wightman, A. Community Disaster Risk Reduction in Java, Indonesia

Despite being small in scale, community level Disaster risk reduction initiatives are playing active roles in

communities across Java to help save lives and protect important infrastructure. The physical and human

geographical makeup of Indonesia results in hundreds of natural disasters annually. This great threat emphasizes

the importance of Disaster risk reduction initiatives at all levels. Furthermore, the strong ties that the people have

to their communities and the popularity of traditional belief systems make Javanese communities perfect settings

for community level disaster risk reduction to excel. This poster will explore the importance that community

level disaster reduction initiatives play in closing the gaps and Increasing resilience to natural hazards in three

different communities across Java that are susceptible to variety of natural hazards. The primary research was

conducted across Java in May 2016 via meeting with key informants, meeting community leaders and

observations made during case study site visits. The research conducted resulted in proving the effectiveness of

community level disaster risk reduction in addition to discovering areas in which community level disaster risk

reduction excels. The poster concludes by making recommendations on how community level disaster risk

reduction can be most effective based upon the area's strengths that were discovered through the research.

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Symposium Session Abstracts

Please Note: presentations will be in the presenter’s language of choice. This applies to

keynotes/plenaries and breakout sessions. Simultaneous translation services will be available for the

keynote/plenary sessions but not for the breakout sessions.

Ron Kuban Keynote Plenary:

Canada at Risk: How Can Science Help Reducing Vulnerability to Natural Hazards?

E. Boucher, P. Gachon, D. Germain, Y. Baudouin, P. Bernatchez, T. Buffin-Bélanger

The Canadian landscape is prone to natural hazards, with a geological setting that forms among the highest

peaks and the longest coastlines or disparate climates that generate extreme weather events such as heat waves or

cold spells. The impact of climate change adds another layer of complexity, potentially increasing the intensity,

duration, and frequency of an array of phenomena such as droughts, floods, forest fires, storms and thawing

permafrost, all of which threaten Canadian communities on a yearly basis. Scientific knowledge plays a pivotal

role in reducing the level of exposure to natural hazards. First, crucial process-based knowledge can help

anticipate the magnitude/frequency of hazards in a rapidly changing environment. Second, scientific knowledge

and transfer of information may form the basis of risk management and mitigation strategies, fundamental to the

minimization of human injuries and damage to natural and built environments. For these reasons, one of the

most urgent tasks of the 21st century is the optimization of scientific knowledge in order to reduce risk exposure

and vulnerability. An efficient risk communication strategy and strong political leadership constitute the

lynchpins of a contemporary and successful approach to risk management.

In this session, we wish to invite speakers from the academic, governmental, municipal and industrial sectors to

present evidences of how scientific knowledge can be applied to reduce vulnerability to natural hazards. We

encourage the presentation of explicit, Canada-based case studies demonstrating how scientific knowledge of

naturally occurring phenomena (earthquakes, droughts, floods, forest fires, coastal erosion etc.) can help

orienting risk management and mitigation strategies at the local, regional and national scales.

Session 1A: Collaborative Initiatives

Learning from two Resiliency Projects in New Brunswick

E. Oldfield

This presentation will provide an overview of two resiliency projects by the Association of Municipal

Administrators of New Brunswick. AMANB held a Resiliency Planning Charrette in 2014 and conducted a

project to Improve Resiliency of N.B. Municipalities (2015-16), with funding from NB Environmental Trust

Fund. The approach and results of both projects will be presented, including assessment of community

resiliency using 10 Essentials for DRR (UN ISDR), table top exercises, phone survey, webinars and meetings.

The results of each project are compared, to help inform resiliency planning and education activities in N.B. and

other jurisdictions (Provinces/Territories, Municipalities).

Risk Matrices: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly

D.E. Etkin, & A. Mamuji

Risk matrices are a common tool used for risk assessment, and are employed by numerous emergency

management organizations to rank natural, technological, and human caused risks. These rankings are often used

for priority setting, and are therefore important. The risk matrix approach, in spite of its usefulness, has

significant weaknesses that can result in poor policy outcomes. This presentation (1) reviews the pros and cons

of risk matrices, (2) surveys their use by Canadian provinces, U.S. states, and in nations risk registers, and (3)

summarizes some of the traps that various users have fallen into, which may result in poor risk representations.

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In particular we evaluate their ability to incorporate rare, high consequence disasters into the methodology in a

meaningful way.

Session 2A: Quebec Emergency Management Office

Rail accident in Lac-Megantic J. Savard

In the early morning hours of Saturday, July 6, 2013, a freight train carrying hundreds of thousands of gallons of

crude oil derailed in Lac-Megantic, a small community in the province of Quebec, Canada.

This presentation addresses the consequences of the event, the government intervention and response with a

brief overlook of the emergency management in Quebec.

L'optimisation des services d'urgence hors du réseau routier

M. Grenon

Le Protecteur du citoyen a publié en avril 2013 le rapport L'organisation des services d'intervention d'urgence

hors du réseau routier – Une desserte à optimiser pour sauver des vies. Afin de répondre aux préoccupations du

Protecteur du citoyen, le ministère de la Sécurité publique (MSP) a élaboré, en collaboration avec ses partenaires

membres du sous-comité sur les secours d'urgence en milieu isolé (SUMI) de l'Organisation de la sécurité civile

du Québec, un plan de travail pour atteindre l’optimisation des services d’intervention d’urgence hors du réseau

routier.

La conférencière se fera la porte-parole des partenaires gouvernementaux et municipaux du SUMI pour partager

avec vous les résultats des travaux qui ont mené à l'élaboration d'outils destinés aux divers publics concernés.

L'état d'avancement de l'organisation sur le territoire ainsi que les principaux enjeux rencontrés seront aussi

abordés.

Increasing the performance and the efficiency of emergency response volunteer organizations for a better

resilience

D. Bordeleau,

This presentation demonstrates how the “Association de sécurité civile du Québec” in collaboration with rescue

and emergency response volunteer organizations developed a training and exercise program to improve

coordination and interoperability among those bodies.

We also describe a management structure which respects the individuality of the organizations while supplying

interactions opportunities. We will also discuss the challenges we encountered and how we overcame them

Session 3A: Resilience in Civil Society

The rise of networked emergency management in Canada: From emergence to governance

Waldman, S., Yumalugova, L, Mackwani, Z, Benson, C., and Stone, J.

How to improve coordination between formal and unaffiliated or spontaneous volunteers after emergencies is

currently an international issue with a high profile. While many countries have developed national guidelines

and frameworks for incorporating informal volunteers into emergency management, governments and NGOs in

Canada has only begun to explore this issue. In part, the development of emergency volunteering frameworks in

Canada has been inhibited by the jurisdictionally complex assignment of EM responsibilities and by Canada’s

diffuse and diverse geography, which ensure that actual EM is inevitably activated at the municipal level and

that approaches to integrating volunteers in EM are highly variable.

Our collaborative paper brings together case studies of Calgary, High River, Vancouver, and Fort McMurray on

the involvement of informal volunteers in EM response and recovery in Canada. Taken together they indicate

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that emergency culture in Canada, and Canadian culture in general, gives a lot of space to informal forms of

public participation in events such as emergencies. They also suggest municipalities are beginning to show a

willingness to develop better processes to integrate and manage volunteer resources at the local level, often in

partnership with Voluntary Sector organizations. In particular, they suggest that a uniquely Canadian approach

to informal volunteers will be required to foster and encourage these strengths while offering a greater measure

of predictability around informal emergency volunteering in the coming years.

Potentiel de résilience d'une organisation - Application à des services municipaux

D. Micouleau, B. Robert

En 2012, la norme ISO sur le management du risque a été publiée. Elle vise notamment à aider les gestionnaires

à mieux gérer des situations de crises et améliorer leur résilience organisationnelle. En fonction du nombre de

services ou départements dans une organisation, iI en résulte de nombreux plans de mesures d’urgence et de

continuité opérationnelle. Dans un tel contexte, la résilience permet de déterminer globalement le réel potentiel

d’une organisation à maintenir ses activités en intégrant toutes les interdépendances internes et externes et

assurer une cohérence dans la gestion des perturbations. L’étude des marges de manœuvre estimée par les

gestionnaires permet de faire ressortir quatre composantes de gestion que sont l’acceptation, la planification,

l’adaptation et l’anticipation et qui sont supportées par la connaissance du fonctionnement du système.

L’évaluation de ces composantes permet d’évaluer le potentiel de résilience des organisations.

Une ville étant constituée de services municipaux qui fournissent des services à la population, elles peuvent être

étudiées comme des organisations. Des paramètres d’évaluation du potentiel de résilience ont été développés en

collaboration avec une municipalité.

Au cours de cette présentation, les concepts de marges de manœuvre pour améliorer le niveau de résilience

seront explicités et les résultats d’une validation sur la Ville de Québec seront présentés.

Session 4A: Early Career Emergency Management Professionals

Panel Discussion: Professional Development in the Emergency Management Field

Moderator: Sarah-Maude Guindon

Panelists: N. Chebroux, L. Gauthier, D. Grant, F. Saint-Mleux

The Young Professionals Committee is a standing committee of the Canadian Risk and Hazards Network

(CRHNet) with the aim to connect, enable and represent the interests of young academics and professionals from

all over Canada whose interest are related to risks, hazards, and resilience. At this year’s CRHNet Annual

Symposium, the YP Committee will be hosting a Panel Discussion: Professional Development in the

Emergency Management Field. The focus of the panel will be to provide an insight to students or others

transitioning into the field an understanding of the various aspects and sectors within the EM field and where to

achieve or receive education, jobs, career options, and to hear personal experiences from a range of

professionals.

Wednesday, November 23rd Lunch Plenary

Plenary: International Responder Session

Forum Member Panelists

Michel Bosco, European Commission

Dan Cotter, United Statessilver

Yaron Kron, Israel

Colin Murray or Mark Williamson, Canada

Graham Smith, United Kingdom

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Stefan Tangen, Sweden

Phil Waters, United States

The International Forum to Advance First Responder Innovation (Forum) was launched in November 2015 at

the International Association of Chiefs of Police Conference in Chicago, IL, USA. The Forum’s goals and

objectives are to develop a common global first responder capability gaps list, provide a platform for

collaboration on R&D initiatives and solutions, characterize global first responder markets, and educate first

responders about available technology. The Forum looks forward to sharing in the conversation on enhancing

the understanding of emergency management during the CRHNet Annual Symposium, in order to help build

international capacity to deal effectively with threats and consequences from all hazards.

A brief overview of the International Forum to Advance First Responder Innovation (Forum) and how the

Forum is facilitating international collaboration to assist first responders in conducting their missions more

safely, effectively, and efficiently.. Topics will include discussion on how the Forum developed its current

capability gaps list, international research and development collaborations (including a discussion on the

Canada-U.S. Enhanced Resiliency Experiment (CAUSE) and the Israel-US Binational Industrial Research and

Development (BIRD) Foundation projects), and a discussion on how stakeholders can interact with the Forum.

The session will end with a question and answer session between the Panelists and audience members.

Session 1B: Collaborative Initiatives

Strategic and tactical viewpoints for improving resiliency

Panelists: E. Oldfield, F. Dercole, Y. Hemond

This session will include three panelists who will share viewpoints on improving resiliency and collaboration in

N.B. - including provincial strategic planning (Roundtable), tactical approaches (community actions) and related

measures (e.g. flood risk reduction, emergency management). The panelists will answer guiding questions (e.g.

what are some key issues; key opportunities; key collaborations; how do we measure progress). The panel

discussion will highlight the importance of collaboration at both strategic and tactical levels, and can be

informative to resiliency planning efforts in other jurisdictions.

Session 2B: Understanding Risk

Safety and Environmental Risk Model for Inland Water Transportation

S.O. Olanrewaju

Waterway collision accident has potential risk to loss of life, damage to the environment, disruption of

operation, injuries as well as instantaneous and point form release of harmful substance to water, air and water

and long-time ecological impact. Hybrid use of probabilistic, stochastic and statistic tools to analyze accident

frequency and consequence for risk quantification of accident scenarios is very imperative for reliable design

and exercise of technocrat stewardship of safety and safeguard of environmental. This paper presents generic

model for risk and reliability analysis of inland water transportation system (IWTS) development. The paper also

presents the case study of Langat River in Malaysia inland waterways and deduced generic risk mitigation

option required for operational, societal, limit definition and technological change decision support for

development of sustainable IWTS.

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Sizing up Natural Disasters

H. J. Caldera and S. C. Wirasinghe

Natural disasters are natural events that adversely affect human communities. It is difficult to express the level of

the impact for different types of natural disasters, in different countries or in different time periods. Although the

impact of these disasters is similar, the severity is measured with different scales. It especially is problematic to

have different types of scales for different disasters because there is no relationship between these scales.

Additionally, obtaining a sense of the real magnitude of the disaster's severity cannot be comprehended merely

by using the descriptive terms as there is no consistent method to distinguish one term from the other.

Accordingly, current methods are not sufficient to clearly differentiate the severity level of a disaster; therefore,

comparing levels of impact for different disasters is challenging. Consequently, emergency managers cannot

properly identify the impact of disasters when responding to an event and allocating resources. As a solution, a

preliminary scale, based only on fatalities, is developed combined with clearly defined terminologies, in order to

compare different types of disasters. The disasters that can be ranked using the scale range from a community

fire to a tsunami. This is an ongoing study for developing a new universal disaster severity scale that provides an

overall picture of the severity of natural disasters based on several factors and ranks disasters based on their

impact. This unified way of describing disasters yields independent estimates of the magnitude of a disaster for

cities or countries and helps gauge the need for regional/national/international assistance.

Risk assessment capability in Canada?

N.L. Hastings

Without a good risk assessment, planning for a disaster is overwhelming. Where do you start? How do you

prioritize limited funds? The international Sendai framework identified the need to understand disaster risk as a

top priority to better inform disaster risk strategies that are cost effective and supported by the community. Risks

cannot be managed or reduced without first identifying and assessing them. This presentation will provide an

overview of a new report written by Ebbwater Consulting for Natural Resources Canada’s Geohazard Risk

Project and Public Safety Canada. The report provides a strategy to advance risk assessment capability in

Canada by 1) examining the needs and requirements of risk decision makers and 2) assessing the effectiveness

of accessible tools for quantitative natural hazard risk assessment.

Session 3B: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

Inspiring Resilience: Survivors of the Flood

S. Williams

Shirley L Williams, Community Medicine RN and President of Whiteswan Environmental, WE (One Mind for

the Purpose of the Work) is a member of the Xwlemi [χʷləˈmi], Lummi Nation, or People of the Sea. Her

people are said to be the Survivors of the Flood, or Che shesh whe weheleq sen. As one story is told, it is said

that a woman warned the people of the flood, some listened and prepared and some did not. The ones that

listened survived. Again, we must ask ourselves, what measures does one individual have to inspire resilience

and protect ecological health, but to challenge the belief system and provoke the public imagination for

transformational change by looking to the ‘best science’ of the original inhabitants who were able to live upon

Mother Earth for tens of thousands of years until the industrial flood caused disaster. Based on Whiteswan

Environmental’s presentation of ‘A Reflection of Indigenous Public Health and our Chi’lange’lth (Inherent Birth

Rights): From Resistance to Restoration to Protect the Salish Sea through the Spirit of the Sxwo’le for the Next

Seven Generations,’ WE offers these thoughts to ponder as WE hopes to inspire a continued measure of

resilience: as the Chi'lange'lth (Inherent Birth Rights) is superseding treaties in First Nation territories (Louise

Mandell, Q.C. First Nation Aboriginal & Treaty Rights lawyer) and as our treaties and public trust doctrines are

two essential tools to help protect our environment (Mary C. Woods, Environmental Law Scholar), we envision

a Coast Salish Tribal Heritage Field Institute will forever allow our people to practice their treaty rights and

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inherent birth rights and in doing so, offer a measure of cultural, historical, scientific, and ecological health

protection and sustainability that can be modeled across the United States and Canada as they also work with

their community with one mind.

Fire Management Partnerships in Ontario

J. Mash, W. Skead

Over the past 3 years Aviation and Forest Fire Emergency Services staff (AFFES) have been working

with several First Nation communities in Ontario to help the chief and council work toward their goal

of fighting forest fires on their own traditional land. AFFES staff and the local leadership have

identified individuals that have been hired on by the Ontario Government as Forest fire fighters. These

individuals were put through an intensive 10 week training program and were taught valuable resource

management skills. From that, the program has expanded to include Hazard reduction burning and

FireSmart projects that help make the communities safer. This presentation will highlight some of the

successes and the challenges that both the MNR and the communities encountered and had to work

through.

AFFES worked with many partners such as INAC to help fund this important initiative and hope to

continue on developing our existing relationships in 2017.

Session 4B: Youth and Disaster

Youth, Disasters and the Implementation of the Sendai Framework

R. S. Cox, L. Scannell

As the impacts of disasters and climate change increase, the need to collectively act becomes all the more urgent.

The escalating issues of environmental change, bridging between generations as well as the need to assure a

strong future for all, points to the urgency of supporting the engagement and empowerment of youth in policy,

planning and decision making spaces related to disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation. The

ResiliencebyDesign (RbD) Research Lab at Royal Roads University is working with disaster-affected and other

youth from Canada to explore their creative ideas for building greater resilience in their communities and

influencing Canada’s implementation of the Sendai framework. In this presentation, members of the RbD –

adults and youth – will share their perspectives on the role and potential for youth engagement in disaster

resilience and risk reduction. The presentation will include a short video and youth-generated digital and visual-

stories that highlight insights from a range of youth-focused disaster research projects. These stories will be used

to prompt a dynamic conversation with session participants to inform the development of a Youth Working

Group of Canada’s Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, and a Canadian Youth Action Strategy Declaration for

Canada’s Implementation of the Sendai framework. (Panel Discussion to follow)

Session 1C: Collaborative Initiatives

Supply Chain Analysis and Management - Concept of Operations

M.I. Jardine, R. King

The New Brunswick (NB) Department of Justice and Public Safety, Office of the Provincial Security Advisor

(OPSA) operates a Critical Infrastructure Program (CIP) to develop trusted relationships, implement an all

hazards risk management approach, and enable the exchange of information with critical infrastructure owners

and operators. The CIP supported and contributed to the Supply Chain Risk Analysis and Management project

[CSSP-2013-CP-1027; Canadian Safety and Security Program], which considered supply chain risks to the

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Energy, Food, and Transportation sectors. The overall purpose of the project was to create a Concept of

Operations (CONOPs) to identify and manage risks to CI supply chains in NB. The goal of this CONOPs was to

suggest and articulate the objectives, processes and overall framework necessary to guide governments,

departments and agencies within the security and emergency management realm to manage supply chain

disruptions. The CONOPs proposed a tier-based structure that underpins the concept aligning peer-to-peer

collaboration, leading to decisions and actions. Levels of coordination are expressed as Gold (executive level),

Silver (senior operational level), and Bronze (tactical level) lines of coordination. Within each level, committees,

organizations and agencies operate across functional lines to share information, formulate decisions, leading to

coordinated efforts during CI supply chain, and security and emergency events.

Exploring the Effectiveness of Humanitarian NGO-Private Sector Collaborations – Interesting & Unlikely

Alliances?

R.K Nevraumont, L. van Wassenhove

Disasters are challenging disaster relief providers’ capacities. NGOs, International Agencies and governments

are expected to prepare for and respond to disasters more frequently with equivalent or fewer resources.

Humanitarian NGOs experience increased resource competition, well publicized response failures, donor and

staff fatigue and public demands for effectiveness. The private sector loses productivity, capital assets, market

share, and labour which cause income reductions in effected communities. Nations’ GDPs are impacted; large-

scale disasters increasingly have global consequences. Heightened demand for more results with diminishing

resources has yielded unexpected innovations, such as NGO-private sector collaborations that enable resource,

expertise and knowledge transfer. These collaborations can reduce risk, enhance recovery and increase

community resilience through all disaster phases yet research into what causes collaborations’ effectiveness is

limited. A case study approach was used to investigate two large, international aid agency/NGO and private

sector collaborations and to inquire into what facilitates successful collaboration. All collaboration partners

committed to using their resources and expertise to create practical solutions for disaster risk reduction and

resilience. This research identified twelve practices that contributed to the collaborations’ effectiveness during

development, expansion and maintenance. These twelve practices were (1) trust/transparency, (2)

communication, (3) policies/procedures, (4) clear roles/responsibilities/accountabilities (5) compatible

skills/expertise/knowledge, (6) culture and context comprehension, (7) critical assessments, (8) collaboration

level, (9) commitment, (10) operational evaluations, (11) aligned interests and (12) champions.

NGO-private sector collaborations sharing expertise, knowledge, resources and responsibilities are uniquely

positioned to maximize disaster risk reduction and to advocate resilience, alleviating pressure on traditional

sources of support.

Analysis of International Minimum Standards and Non-Binding Guidelines for NGO and Government

Sectors

D.O. Stodilka

As this year marks the 60th anniversary the 1956 “Report of the Committee of Three on Non-Military

Cooperation"" in NATO, do first responders understand the relevance of this report in the context of their

frontline work? What is the “Third Dimension” of NATO, and how may its activities relate to disaster risk

reduction, environmental resilience and climate change adaptation? Should reviews and themes from past and

ongoing NATO Science for Peace and Security programmes be offered in academic curricula in science and

technology or emergency management studies? From the experience of participation and independent

assessment of NATO/Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC) Consequence

Management Field Exercise “Ukraine-2015”, advances will be presented in civil emergencies planning, response

and lessons learned, applications of civil science, and use of civil-military cooperation. Additionally, the

Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response developed by the Sphere Project, and

the Checklist and Non-Binding Guidelines for the Request, Reception and Provision of International Assistance

in the Event of a CBRN Incident or Natural Disaster will be revisited as tools for both NGO and government

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sectors. In disaster response coordination, the significance of distinction between mandates and roles of

authorities, private sector, NGOs, academia, agencies or community groups are just as relevant in developed

nations as they are in developing nations. Significance of distinction is also relevant in transforming post-Soviet

spaces.

Session 2C: Understanding Risk

Identifying who and what are at risk, and why

J.M. Journeay, W. Chow and C.L. Wagner

A common understanding of physical exposure and the underlying socioeconomic drivers that influence

capacities to withstand, respond to and recover from a disaster event are foundational elements for a risk

assessment -- and essential components of mitigation and disaster resilience planning at all levels of government.

These are the findings of the Science and Technology working group for the United Nations International

Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR); and recent studies on the capabilities and future directions for

risk assessments in Canada. All agree there is an urgent need for improved information, metrics and access to

exposure and vulnerability information at the community level. We present initial results of a project aimed at

developing a standardized suite of physical exposure and vulnerability models to help communities identify who

and what are exposed to hazard threats of concern, and the underlying socioeconomic drivers of vulnerability.

The exposure model utilizes Census data and land use typologies at the neighborhood level to map out key

characteristics of the built environment for settled areas. It includes a suite of indicators that track building

ratios, construction types, financial exposure and the distribution of people at different times of the day. The

vulnerability and resilience models includes a suite of indicators that track social, economic and health

determinants of risk; and the intrinsic capabilities of people to withstand, respond to and recover from a disaster

event. Project outputs are intended to inform the identification of risk hotspots in support of the National

Disaster Mitigation Program.

Working together to reduce earthquake risk in western Canada

J.M. Journeay, T.I. Allen, A.L. Bird, N.L. Hastings, R. White, V. Silva and C. Burton

British Columbia is one of several hotspots in Canada with nearly 80% of the population at considerable risk of

experiencing a damaging earthquake (MMI VII) sometime in the next 50 years. A major earthquake in the

Cascadia region of southwest British Columbia would result in physical damage and loss of functionality to

many older homes and businesses not designed to current seismic safety standards; a significant number of

injuries and fatalities; billions of dollars in economic losses, and; sustained levels of socioeconomic disruption

that could last for months to years. Although we cannot predict when a major earthquake will occur, we can

work together to identify hotspots of concern and the risk reduction measures needed to build disaster resilience

at the community level. To this end, the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), Emergency Management BC

(EMBC) and the Global Earthquake Model Foundation (GEM) have initiated a collaborative research project to

undertake an integrated assessment of earthquake risk for western Canada. The project aims to develop a

framework of performance-based indicators that promote a deeper understanding of earthquake risk at the

neighborhood level, the underlying socioeconomic drivers of vulnerability, and actions that might be considered

to increase disaster resilience through strategic investments in mitigation and emergency planning. In this

session, we present initial results of an integrated earthquake risk assessment for western British Columbia.

Study outputs are aligned with S&T guidelines of the Sendai framework and support broader efforts to develop a

national risk profile for Canada.

Scenario earthquake models developed for British Columbia - part of a pilot project in the application of

OpenQuake

A.L. Bird, T.I. Allen, J. M. Journeay, J. F. Cassidy and M. M. Côté

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The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) has embarked upon a pilot project to investigate the use of Global

Earthquake Model’s (GEM) OpenQuake as a tool for undertaking a national-scale seismic risk assessment. Past

editions of the National Building Code of Canada have focused on probabilistic seismic hazard models. GSC

seismologists are investigating modern techniques for detailed seismic hazard and risk assessment, plus the

inclusion of deterministic (scenario) earthquakes based on mapped faults, for emergency planning and exercise

coordination. As part of this project, a series of feasible earthquake scenarios have been developed for faults

along British Columbia’s seismically active west coast. Included are: an M~7.5 earthquake along the seismic gap

at the southern end of the Queen Charlotte Fault, off Haida Gwaii; an M~7.0 event along the recently profiled

extension of the Devil’s Mountain Fault just off the City of Victoria’s waterfront, where there lies the potential

for a Christchurch-like earthquake; an M~7.2 event along the Leech River Fault which cuts through southern

Vancouver Island, also relatively close to Victoria; a shallow M~7.3 event along a theoretical fault in the Georgia

Strait region, between Vancouver Island and highly populous Greater Vancouver; and a megathrust earthquake of

M~9.0 along the Cascadia Subduction Zone, off BC, Washington, Oregon and northern California. The resulting

scenarios provide anticipated ground motions which are then incorporated into impact models, considering site

conditions, infrastructure and population exposure

Session 3C: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

Leviathan II Rescue - Lessons Learned - Application of the Incident Command System

A. Dick, L. Swan and M. D'Aquino

It all started with a flare in the Sky.

Come out and meet the Emergency Coordinators from the remote coastal community of Ahousaht First Nation

as they share the community’s story of the marine rescue, recovery and search events that occurred on October

25th and 26th of 2015. This presentation will focus on the “Lessons Learned” approach to the successes and

challenges of this event and share with you how the internal traditions and resiliency of the community made for

the lifesaving successful rescues. The community will share with you how the 2 days of events were conducted

and how Emergency Management and Incident Command System (ICS) training after the event has allowed for

a stronger response capacity.

Psychosocial Response to Disaster: A First Nation Perspective

D. Munro

June 2013, Siksika Nation and several communities and the City of Calgary were impacted by the largest natural

disaster in southern Alberta. The extent of the psychosocial impact is immense. Siksika quickly learned that

those affected and indirectly affected by the flood were exhibiting signs of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Lessons learned from this disaster includes the need to (1) incorporate the First Nation tradition and culture in

the psychosocial response to the disaster; (2) to incorporate a multidisciplinary outreach approach to address the

psychosocial needs; (3) address the high risk population groups; (4) address barriers to ensure access to mental

health and other professionals; (5) to provide training to the multidisciplinary team to ensure each team member

had the skills to carry out quick assessments and appropriate intervention; (6) to ensure effective and efficient

coordination of disaster response services through the incorporation of the Siksika Way of Life; (7) to provide

venues for activities for all age groups; (8) to convince/lobby with Local, Provincial and Federal Governments to

rethink and recognize the long term psychosocial affects; (9) to recognize that First Nations people have a

general distrust of non-native professionals due the Residential School Experience, thus the need for First Nation

Professionals and (10) the importance of speaking and/or understand the native language, traditions and culture

is essential to respond to the population affected by a disaster.

Session 4C: Youth and Disaster

Alberta Resilient Communities: A Collaborative Research Initiative on Engaging Children and Youth in

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Community Resilience Post-Flood in Southern Alberta

J. Drolet, R. Cox and C. McDonald-Harker

The Alberta Resilient Communities Project is a collaborative research initiative that focuses on the lived realities

of children, youth, and their communities in order to inform and strengthen child and youth resilience. The 2013

Southern Alberta floods resulted in devastating impacts affecting social, economic, health, and environmental

infrastructures. This presentation will highlight the work of three research streams focusing on: 1) key

community influencers, 2) children and families, and 3) youth. Preliminary research findings drawing from data

collected in Southern Alberta will be shared by each research stream. The research team’s co-leads will discuss

how they are 1) drawing upon a range of participatory methodologies, including child and youth-friendly social

innovation processes, 2) exploring children and youth as catalysts for change in families,

and 3) positioning community in disaster recovery processes. The Alberta Resilient Communities Project is

a collaborative research undertaking between academic researchers, community and government partners, and

stakeholders, and is funded by Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions Collaborative Research and Innovation

Opportunities Grant, from 2015-18. The overall aim of this three-year research project is to inform and

strengthen the health and well-being of children, as well as improve policy, training, and practices related to

enhancing disaster preparedness, disaster risk reduction, and resilience for children.

(Panel Discussion to follow)

November 24th Opening Keynote Plenary:

Développement d'une stratégie de résilience pour la Ville de Montréal

L. Bradette

Sélectionnée dans le programme 100 Villes résilientes (une initiative de la Fondation Rockefeller) en 2015, la

Ville de Montréal a été la première ville canadienne à faire partie de ce prestigieux réseau. Ce programme a

pour but de favoriser la résilience des villes du monde entier face aux défis matériels, sociaux et économiques

croissants auxquels elles sont confrontées au XXIe siècle.

À la suite à sa nomination, l'administration municipale a nommé une directrice de la résilience pour coordonner

le projet et créé le Bureau de la résilience. Cette entité administrative bénéficie de l'expertise et du soutien d'un

important réseau de partenaires stratégiques.

Un atelier de travail, s'est tenu en janvier 2016, cet événement constituait la première étape dans l'élaboration

d'une Stratégie de résilience pour Montréal. Il a réuni 101 personnes provenant des divers secteurs de la

communauté montréalaise qui ont eu l'occasion de se prononcer sur divers enjeux liés à la résilience. Les

résultats de l'atelier démontrent plusieurs défis auxquels Montréal doit faire face pour renforcer sa capacité de

résilience.

La première phase de réalisation de la stratégie consiste à développer un engagement fort des intervenants et

faire un inventaire des perceptions et des actions de résilience de la Ville. Cette évaluation préliminaire permet

d'orienter les axes de travail qui seront approfondis dans la phase 2. L'évaluation est faite à l'aide d'outils

robustes et éprouvés qui permettent de répertorier les actions de résilience, de définir la perception des

partenaires et du public et d'effectuer une analyse de risques approfondie. Ces résultats, qui vous seront

présentés, constituent l'Analyse préliminaire de résilience de la Ville de Montréal (Preliminary resilience

assesment).

Session 1D: Disaster Rescue Lessons Learned

Search and Rescue Lessons Learned

N. Meunier

Dedicated Team Leader Search and Rescue Technician, dedicated employee, extremely motivated academician

with imparting professionalism and high levels of responsibility in national and international situations. Strong

qualifications in personnel affairs, collaborative approach, training, resources management, public safety,

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budgeting, and coordination management. Well-developed leadership, management and researcher skills as

evidenced by an agility to continuously improve disaster and emergency management through a PhD (graduate

in the Master of Arts of Disaster and Emergency Management at Royal Roads University), national

search/rescue operations (Team Leader Search and Rescue Squadron 424 and 442) and non-governmental

organizations. Reputation for strong work ethic, dedication and uncompromising devotion to service and help.

The Incident Management Model for Nuclear Emergency Management: An Evaluation

D. Grant

This presentation will be based on the findings from my Major Research Project completed as part of Royal

Roads University's MADEM program. The goal of the presentation is to increase understanding of the

opportunities and challenges that the incident management model presents for use in nuclear emergency

management activities. In 2013 Atomic Energy of Canada Limited implemented an EOC aligned along Ontario's

Incident Management System, supplanting an earlier framework that was developed in-house. The project

sought to evaluate user experiences within the system through a mixed-methods research project consisting of

questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Participants were asked to respond to questions ranging from the

types of training they received under the IMS model, the effectiveness of organizational structures within the

Incident Management System, and how effectively the system functioned during exercises compared to previous

models. The aim of this project was to determine if the Incident Management model was appropriate for

organizations as complex as those engaged in nuclear research and power generation, and to develop a series of

recommendations for improvement. Project findings were evaluated against those of other researchers who had

critiqued both the Incident Command System and broader Incident Management models, such as the United

States' National Incident Management System. Ultimately, this project determined that the Incident Management

System was a significant improvement over previous models, but required a level of training, exercising and

development that was extremely difficult to achieve. However, the project found that there was value in this

model for other nuclear organizations.

Improvements and Validation of Earth Observation Based Geomatics Products for Emergency Decision-

Support

J.-S. Proulx-Bourque, A. Deschamps, S. Tolszczuk-Leclerc, M. Beauchemin, J. Joost Van der Sanden

The Emergency Geomatics Service (EGS) is responsible for the provision of near-real time emergency

situational awareness products during national and international emergencies. For flood events, the EGS

generates polygons delineating the flood extent. Improvement on this flood delineation have recently been

undertaken with the implementation of a tile-based thresholding method inspired by the works of Martinis et al.

(2015). Further consideration is given to the work of Mason et al. (2014) and White et al. (2014) to improve

results in urban and vegetated environments respectively. Additionally, the team is developing a method for

accuracy assessment of the flood extent polygons generated. The main sources of validation data consist of high

resolution optical imagery, outputs from hydrological models (Tanguy et al., 2014) and field observations.

EGS’s role is expanding to respond to more types of events, including mapping of river ice breakup conditions

for ice jams monitoring. The current ice breakup classification method is based on van der Sanden et al. (2012).

The addition of HV polarisation and texture to improve discrimination of rough water and sheet ice (Russel et

al., 2009) is currently being assessed. The EGS team is also currently working on the transitions of its Radarsat-

2 based operational service for the Radar Constellation Mission (RCM). The RCM launch is due in 2018 and the

Service will strongly benefit from greater revisit capabilities, as well as enhanced operational polarimetric

capacities. Results showing the improvement on products accuracy and performance for adding the

aforementioned components will be presented.

Session 2D: Legislation, Policy and Implementation

Intergovernmental Cooperation in Emergency Management

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M. C. Doré

This presentation addresses the nature and importance of intergovernmental cooperation when faced with the

challenges of disaster risk management. The responsibility of insuring the integrity, safety and security of the

people, the organisations and the collective assets belongs to governments. It becomes essential for these

government organisations to demonstrate a unifying and mobilising leadership of all existing capacities to

increase our collective resilience. Many structural obstacles prevent this expected optimal cooperation. To

improve the social and intergovernmental cooperation we need to revisit our planning assumptions policies

moving away from the command and control paradigm to a social mobilisation concept.

Science and technology challenges from the United Nation's Office of Disaster Risk Reduction's Sendai

Framework (2015)

S. Waldman and S. Verga

The United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction's (UNISDR) Sendai Framework (2015) featured a strong

focus on science and technology (S&T), as was subsequently highlighted by the UNISDR first-ever Science and

Technology Conference held in January 2016, where a partnership was launched that emphasized the building of

bridges between DRR scientific researchers and policy-makers. Based on the Sendai Framework and the

guidelines to and results of the UNISDR Science and Technology Conference, we will present a paper that

extracts six key related areas of focus where S&T research could make substantial contributions towards policy

and programs that reduce the risk and cost of disasters. These areas of S&T focus are: 1) enhanced risk

assessment and modelling; 2) more comprehensive disaster vulnerability, loss, risk reduction capability, and

community resilience metrics; 3) enhanced critical infrastructure resilience and early warning and emergency

communication systems; 4) empowerment of regions and municipalities; 5) support for evidence-based policy

and decision-making; and 6) gap analysis, gap-filling, and translation of DRR science and technology. As our

paper suggests, these six areas of S&T focus comprise a cyclical model of learning, implementation, and

evaluation that can help guide research investments so they synergistically rachet up community—and

ultimately national—disaster resilience. In our paper we use the model to highlight some examples of Federal

S&T research activities that are iteratively contributing to overall enhancement of Canada's DRR capability and

also to point out some gaps that additional S&T investments are required to fill.

Session 3D: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

Overview of OFNTSC'S Emergency Planning Program

P. Bova, B. Staats, Mr. Wesley

Ontario First Nation Technical Services Corporation (OFNTSC) successfully partnered with Indigenous and

Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) in fiscal year 2009/2010 and currently continues to deliver emergency

management preparedness training to all First Nations in Ontario. OFNTSC encourages First Nations to become

proactive in building community resilience. OFNTSC is working to increase First Nation resilience through

training and materials that are First Nations friendly and maintain Industry Standards.

OFNTSC accomplishes this through a “Phased Approach” to Emergency Management.

Phase 1: Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis (HIRA) and Introduction to Emergency Planning

Phase 2: Framework

Phase 3: Exercising Emergency Management System

Phase 4: Pre-Planning for Operations-Based Exercises

◦ Live Operations-Based Exercises

Introduction to Recovery and CISM Awareness

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In addition to training, participating First Nations are provided with tools, templates and resources. OFNTSC's

72 Hour Preparedness Starter Kits and educational materials are shared with families to encourage individual

resilience. OFNTSC collects, reviews and offers one-on-one assistance to First Nations to develop, update and

exercise their Master Emergency Response Plans. In-community visits are carried out at the First Nations

request.

St’at’imc Government Services / Canadian Red Cross: a Disaster Planning and Preparedness

Partnership

B. Row

In May of 2013, St’at’imc Government Services (SGS) and the Canadian Red Cross (CRC) formally signed a

Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). This MOU identified how the two organizations would work together

in a collaborative partnership to increase community resilience to respond to disaster and medical emergencies,

and mobilize the power of humanity in the St’at’imc Nation. The need to build resilience was identified by the

communities to address the current and emerging health and disaster preparedness priorities faced by the

St’at’imc people and in turn, reduce the number of injuries and impacts of disasters. It was in this spirit that CRC

and SGS jointly submitted a funding proposal to Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) to conduct an

assessment of hazard, risk, and capacity for preparedness and response for 10 St’at’imc communities. During

this session, St’at’imc and Red Cross personnel will share the planning process, recommendations and outcomes

of the first phase of this initiative and will also discuss the full three phased approach to this partnership:

1) Assessing risk and capacity;

2) Community and personal planning and preparedness and;

3) Recruitment training and exercise.

Emergency Preparedness for First Nations Children and Families: Lessons Learned from Save the

Children’s Pilot Projects

O. Fernandes

Save the Children’s pilot project “Emergency Preparedness for Children and Families on First Nations” came to

a successful conclusion on March 31, 2016. The project reached over 850 children, youth and adults with

tailored emergency preparedness training in the First Nations of Wabaseemoong in Ontario and Siksika in

Alberta. The project was based on the understanding that emergency preparedness for children can strengthen

the resiliency of the whole community and help families achieve a faster and more effective recovery. Save the

Children employed a flexible approach to address community context and priorities and used creative methods

to identify gaps in preparedness. Responding to the ground reality, Save the Children found that working

through schools was a highly effective way of reaching and impacting the greatest number of children, both in

terms of training and school-based emergency preparedness planning. The project generated a rich range of

lessons to inform Save the Children’s emergency preparedness work with First Nations across Canada. This

presentation will explore these lessons, and place them in the context of the broader challenges with regards to

emergency preparedness for First Nations children and families. While there is a tendency to focus on the

vulnerability of Indigenous Peoples to disasters and emergencies, it is equally as important to focus on the

strengths. We will share the role that culture and Elders played in the success of the projects.

Session 4D: Risk and Emergency Communication

Handling the media spotlight in times of crisis

J. Stanton

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When crisis occur you can guarantee your organization will be in the media spotlight. Social media, combined

with traditional media, often break the story as it is happening during a crisis before organizations can get out

with their messages. It is critical to be ready. Many time it is not possible to get ahead of the story but what you

can do is get out in front of it quickly with messages that will resonate with your audiences. Jim will discuss case

studies of major events where organizations were in the media spotlight and how they handled them - some

effectively others ineffectively. Examples will be given of the positive combination of social media and

traditional media in real life situations. A number of current video examples will be part of the session. Learn

how to protect your organization to communicate during a crisis, so that you are forming and protecting your

organization's reputation. Come to this session prepared to learn and be entertained by one of Canada's foremost

communicators.

Improving Flood Risk Awareness to Drive Behavioural Change

S. Peddle

Flooding is the most common and most expensive cause of property damage in Canada, with an estimated 1.7

million Canadian households at very high risk of flood damage. Governments share responsibility for flood risk

management, with industry (e.g. insurers) and voluntary sector organizations (e.g., Canadian Red Cross) playing

a significant role in flood disaster response and recovery. Our recent survey of Canadian homeowners probed

respondents' experiences with flooding, actions to protect their home from flood damage, and their opinions on

how flood protection and recovery should be managed. Results from the survey highlight the lack of public

understanding of flood risk and responsibilities for both protection and recovery after an event, but also highlight

public willingness to contribute to personal flood protection measures. Recommendations include improved

communication from governments and the insurance industry on the potential risks from flood, as well as

education on personal actions, including insurance, that will reduce dependence on federal and provincial

disaster relief programs. Partners for Action (P4A), an applied research network advancing flood resiliency in

Canada, collaboratively engages a diverse set of stakeholders to create and share knowledge, address

information needs, and drive action. P4A is working across sectors to inform Canadians about their risk,

opportunities to reduce this risk, and methods of risk transfer, to inspire community resilience in the face of a

changing climate and extreme weather.

Le risque le plus occulté : la communication des risques

J-B. Guindon

L’absence d’une littérature significative sur la communication des risques et l’occultation de celle-ci dans le

groupe de discussion de Linkedin sur la norme ISO 31000 laisse à penser que c’est une réalité à laquelle on

s’intéresse peu dans le processus global de gestion des risques. Pourtant selon cette norme la communication des

risques fait partie intégrante de toutes les phases du processus. C’est pourquoi nous proposons une application de

cette norme à la communication des risques sous forme de principes, critères et indicateurs. Le retour sur

certaines expériences vécues par le conférencier et sur des cas étudiés avec ce cadre de référence démontre que

la communication des risques n’est pas une activité qu’on exécute à la fin du processus, mais tout au long de

celui-ci. C’est ce qui permet de tenir compte de la perception des risques et de favoriser ainsi la réduction des

risques en cours du processus d’analyse et d’évaluation. Nous ouvrirons sur une approche systémique pour y

arriver. Nous traiterons des médias sociaux qui sont désormais incontournables dans la communication des

risques et en temps de crise.

Session 1E: Disaster Rescue and Response

Preparing the Ark: Hazards and Animal Safety in Barrow, Alaska

H. Squance, L. Watson, S. Coburn, and A. Garland

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The integration of animal management and care into emergency management and planning is a relatively new

area of interest. The perplexities of the human-animal bond contribute significantly to human evacuation failure

and risk to humans by re-entering hazardous areas to save or retrieve animals, and humans risking their lives to

save animals (Heath & Linnabury, 2015; Cornell et al, 2014). However, this bond can also be manipulated to

encourage communities to engage in emergency preparedness and response planning. Animals can facilitate

better access to vulnerable community groups, counter social isolation, and provide motivation for communities

to prepare and act and facilitate recovery by providing companionship, comfort and relieving stress (Cornell et

al, 2014). This study aims to assess the level of animal inclusion in emergency preparedness in the North Slope

Borough, especially Barrow, Alaska to understand how animal attachment and diverse perspectives will

influence disaster preparedness among indigenous and diversely ethnic communities. This can assist with

introducing animal emergency management, which benefits the risk management department, veterinarians, and

community organizations to develop appropriate disaster preparation and planning. Outcomes of the risk

assessments with government and community groups in Barrow, Alaska, are reviewed and how to incorporate

the results in disaster planning in a changing climate with adverse cascading hazards.

Child-Focused Emergency Response: Fort McMurray Case Study

S. Patel

As the world’s leading independent organization for children, Save the Children is in the unique position to

protect the world’s most vulnerable children from the devastating effects of emergencies. This has always been

at the core of our work: Save the Children was founded to stop the suffering of children after the First World

War. Children are the most at risk in emergencies, both in terms of immediate effects and long term impacts.

Drawing on the organization’s international expertise, Save the Children implemented a multi-sectoral response

following the Fort McMurray wildfires. In the immediate aftermath of the mandatory evacuation from Fort

McMurray, Save the Children conducted assessments in reception centres and shelters caring for evacuees, with

a particular view to the protection, safety and wellbeing of children. It is very common for children’s needs not

to be fully considered in communities’ emergency preparedness plans, and this has an observable impact during

emergency responses.

Using the Fort McMurray response as a case study, this presentation will highlight critical priorities regarding

responding to children’s needs in emergencies in high income contexts. The issues discussed in the presentation

will be relevant for organizations implementing emergency programming that includes children, and also for

municipalities and other levels of government.

Mass Casualty Response Capabilities

Sylvie Beaudoin

The Health mission or function within Emergency Management is a complex multi-disciplinary component.

Recent mass casualty incidents have brought an incredible amount of stress on the health response. What lessons

have we learned from incidents of violence such as Paris, Nice or Orlando or accidents such as train derailments

or natural hazards like tornadoes? Mass casualties and mass fatalities are high visibility situations where, in

today’s fast environment where almost everyone has a rapid access to the net, an immediate and efficient

medical response is expected. This presentation will focus on ways to improve the health response in a mass

casualty incident by looking at the new trends in Emergency Medical response within an all-hazard approach.

Among the issues that we will be looking at are the use of local specialized medical teams, the interoperability of

the medical component with the other Emergency management missions and the integration of a medical

volunteer component in extended operations to improve resiliency.

Session 2E: Risk Management and Adaptation

Developing Canada's National Risk Profile

M. Godsoe, S. Friesen

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This interactive session seeks describe, socialize and refine Canada's approach to the development of a National

Risk Profile. Canada faces diverse threats and hazards that can lead to disasters in communities across the

country. A foundational step required to effectively prevent/mitigate, prepare for, respond to and recover from

these disasters is to understand the hazards, risks, vulnerabilities and capabilities that exist across the country. A

key emergency management (EM) gap which currently exists in Canada is the capability to consolidate and

aggregate risk data into a single all-hazards picture of the national risk environment for use by

federal/provincial/territorial and local decision-makers in operational, policy and program contexts. As such,

Public Safety (PS) is working collaboratively with Defence and Development Research Canada (DRDC) to

initiate development of a national level strategic assessment that identifies, analyzes and evaluates risks to public

safety and security in Canada. This National Risk Profile (NRP) will be developed collaboratively with partners

across the Canadian safety and security community to provide Canadians with a consolidated understand of their

risk environment. This session will include a presentation on the proposed NRP approach; a plenary discussion

with CRHNet delegates on the proposed approach; and an exercise to provide structured input into the scoping

of the NRP.

L’adaptation des petites et moyennes entreprises aux changements climatiques

A. Lefkir, B. Robert, M.-M. Giguère, Y. Hémond

Les enjeux soulevés par la question de l’adaptation aux changements climatiques suscitent ces dernières années

une inquiétude grandissante auprès de la communauté internationale et des acteurs des différents secteurs

d’activités économiques. Les conséquences amenées par les changements climatiques commencent à se faire

ressentir. L’incertitude amenée par les différents scénarios climatiques ne permet pas pour les petites et

moyennes entreprises (PME) de mettre en place des moyens et des actions pour s’y adapter.

Au-delà de lutter contre les causes avérées du changement climatique, à savoir les émissions des gaz à effet de

serre, les PME doivent s’adapter aux changements induits dans leur environnement. Dans le cadre d’un projet en

collaboration avec le Ministère de l’Économie, de la Science et de l’Innovation et financé par le Fonds Vert, une

approche d’adaptation des PME au changement climatique est en cours de développement. Il s’agit de

sensibiliser les PME aux impacts des changements climatiques et à terme, les PME pourront identifier des

stratégies novatrices autant pour s’adapter que pour saisir des opportunités reliées aux changements climatiques.

Cette conférence permettra de présenter les premiers résultats de ce projet issu de l’analyse des différentes

actions déjà entreprise par différents gouvernements et entreprises. Cela permettra à des PME de mieux cibler

leurs actions et les moyens à mettre en place en vue de s’adapter aux changements climatiques.

Gestion de l’information et vulnérabilité au sein des petites et moyennes entreprises

A. Benon, B. Robert, Y. Hémond

La gestion de l’information pose un réel enjeu pour les entreprises et ce, quelle que soit leur taille. La perte

d’informations ou leur inaccessibilité, entre autres, perturbe les processus à tous les niveaux dans les

organisations (administration, production, facturation etc.). Contrairement aux grandes entreprises qui souvent

possèdent des ressources dédiées à la gestion de l’information, les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) ne

peuvent pas encadrer systématiquement ce type de gestion, ce qui augmente leur vulnérabilité. Il existe donc un

réel besoin d’outils pour aider les gestionnaires des PME à caractériser leurs vulnérabilités liées à aux systèmes

de gestion de l’information qu’ils utilisent. Ces outils d’analyse de vulnérabilité doivent être conviviaux et

permettre une intégration et une appropriation par les gestionnaires au sein de ces PME. L’une des

caractéristiques principales de ces outils doit donc être leur accessibilité pour des gestionnaires qui ne sont pas

des experts dans le domaine des technologies d’information et de communication. En définissant la notion de

chaîne informationnelle, la méthode vise à mettre en lumière l’ensemble des échanges d’informations entre les

processus internes à l’entreprise pour établir une cartographie des ces flux d’informations. Cette cartographie

supportera la caractérisation de la vulnérabilité de l’entreprise par rapport aux différents réseaux et systèmes de

traitement de l’information. Cette caractérisation mènera ultimement à la proposition de solutions s’inscrivant

dans la stratégie de résilience des PME.

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Session 3E: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

PERCIAS Applied Theater (Perceptions of Risk, Communication, Interpretation, and Action in Social-

Ecological Systems) in Barrow

A. Garland, H. Kilioni, F. Brower, A. Bukvic, T. Scott, I. Kelman, R. Barrios, M. Clayton, and S. Moore

The PERCIAS team explores applied theater, which includes participatory research, to improve risk mitigation

with community groups. In remote indigenous communities, applied researchers should consider risk

communication strategies within socioeconomic and cultural contexts to improve interpretations and actions

(RIA Framework). Applied theater, or story telling scenarios, is used as a pedagogy to improve risk reduction

actions, especially due to its verifiable outcomes for academic performance and for community participants.

Whether in civil organizations or academic settings. applied theater can lead to behavior change for individuals,

families, and/or community policies. Generational story telling relays contexts and resources for risk mitigation

among Tribally Inclusive Geographic Areas (TIGA). Emergency management (EM) outreach is through federal

and state resources (Ready.gov). Translation for indigenous contexts is a challenge among TIGA EM. For many

indigenous contexts, disaster risk reduction (DRR) is related to traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). TEK

derives from oral history, storytelling, games, legends, dance, and music. Indigenous communities, civil groups

and/or TIGA EM can co- produce strategies that integrate TEK risk “messaging”. Outcomes are mitigation

behaviors and decisions by the community that are context driven. This is essential in remote communities, such

as Barrow. Alaska, with faster warming, accelerating erosion, permafrost melting, sea level rise, maritime traffic,

and cascade impacts that undermine livability. To rebuild smart or relocate is reality but TEK “messaging” to

better prepare, reduce risks, and inform decisions at all community scales could currently be improved. An

approach of applied theater is reviewed about outcomes for DRR and climate change action.

Why ARMNet? Unique challenges in Arctic Risk Management and Response

L. Benoit

The Arctic regions of Canada and the USA experience risks and challenges that are unique to the vast

geography, limited population and hostile climate of the circumpolar north. Many national DRR policies,

protocols and best practices require significant adaptation and retooling to be appropriate to northern

circumstances and resources. At the same time, there is limited academic research focused specifically on Arctic

risk reduction and emergency management and that which does exist is at present housed on disparate databanks

and websites. For lack of an appropriate mechanism, this research rarely gets into the hands of the Arctic

practitioners who could most benefit from it. The Arctic Risk Management Network (ARMNet) intends to

address this gap. As the network moves from the feasibility to the development stage, its proponents wish to

continue the dialogue with the greater Canadian DRR community and provide evidence and scenarios that

further validate the creation and development of this polar network. This presentation will include an

overview/review of the proposed Arctic Risk Management Network and stories/presentations by northern EMO

directors demonstrating the practical challenges – geographic, climatic, social, policy, jurisdictional, etc. – they

face in ensuring public safety for both residents and visitors in the most northerly regions of our country. The

presentation will end with an opportunity for questions and discussion on the development of ARMNet and the

specific risks to the region posed by climate change and increased economic development and tourism activity in

the region.

Developments in the Design of Amphibious Prototypes for Indigenous Communities

E. English

Amphibious construction refers to an alternative flood mitigation strategy that allows an otherwise ordinary

structure to float on the surface of rising floodwater rather than succumb to inundation. A buoyancy system

beneath the building displaces water to provide flotation as needed, and a vertical guidance system allows the

rising and falling house to return to exactly the same place upon descent. Amphibious architecture is a flood

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mitigation strategy that works in synchrony with a flood prone region’s natural cycles of flooding, rather than

attempting to obstruct them. Amphibious buildings accommodate variable depths of floodwater, making them an

appropriate climate change adaptation strategy. The presentation will report on progress on a major contract

from a federal agency to develop, construct and test an amphibious retrofit prototype for application to First

Nations reserves vulnerable to flooding. This project will involve a multi‑stage iterative design process that

investigates an array of options for materials, systems and details. The design will be fully engineered to provide

adequate buoyant stability and resistance to lateral forces. Upon completion of the design, we will construct a

full‑scale prototype at a location on or near the University of

Waterloo campus, in order to subject the structure to a full range of preliminary tests. After improvements to the

design, and retesting if appropriate, the opportunity to install retrofitted amphibious foundations on First Nations

housing in areas of high risk of flooding will become available.

Session 4E: Disaster Risk Reduction: Holistic Perspectives

Re-imagining the shoreline: Opportunities for Managed Retreat

A. Rutledge

Municipalities in British Columbia’s Lower Mainland are vulnerable to impacts of climate change. Sea level rise

and coastal hazards threaten the urbanized and growing population, unique ecosystems, and important local,

subnational, and national assets. Awareness of the risks has spurred the need for updated coastal adaptation

planning and policy responses. Many municipalities in Metro Vancouver are protected from coastal hazards and

flooding from hard structural adaptation methods, with heavy emphasis on coastal engineering infrastructure,

such as dikes and seawalls. Alternative approaches, including soft-engineering and non-structural adaptation

methods, such as managed retreat, receive less attention. Using a qualitative research method of actor-centred

key informant interviews and review of relevant literature, the research explores the barriers and enablers of

coastal adaptation, with a key focus on managed retreat. Municipalities of Vancouver, Surrey, and Delta are used

as case studies. Initial findings reveal that green infrastructure approaches are gaining momentum, yet managed

retreat continues to be a less palatable adaptation strategy facing numerous barriers. This presentation addresses

opportunities for managed retreat by summarizing the range of potential tools available to develop a retreat

strategy.

Digital Volunteers and Emergency Management: the Fort McMurray and CanVOST Experience

P. Cloutier

Exploring the growing importance of crowdsourcing during disasters and the role of digital volunteers.

Examining the issues of integrating social intelligence in the workings of emergency operations centres and

IMS functions.

The social convergence context (the use of social networks and mobile technologies) will be highlighted to

put in perspective the changing nature of emergency response.

The presentation will focus on the work of volunteers part of the Canadian Virtual Operations Support Team

(CanVOST) to support the Alberta Emergency Management Agency in its social media monitoring efforts

during the Fort McMurray fire and evacuations.

Arrivée massive de réfugiés syriens: Mobilisation du réseau montréalais de la santé et des services sociaux

E. St-Arnaud, C. Dusablon

Entre décembre 2015 et février 2016, plus de 11 000 réfugiés syriens sont arrivés en territoire québécois via

l’aéroport Montréal-Trudeau. Cette arrivée massive a nécessité l’ouverture de sites non traditionnels pour

dispenser les services de santé et psychosociaux ainsi que la convergence de ressources de l'ensemble des

établissements de santé de la région montréalaise. Dans ce contexte d'intervention en situation de crise externe,

le réseau a dû à la fois procéder à une importante mobilisation mais également faire sa propre gestion de risques

afin d'être en mesure d'assurer la continuité de ses services tout au long de l'opération. Cette conférence

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présentera les activités du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux au cours de l’Opération Syrie et la

mobilisation qu'elles ont entraînée, les différents partenariats et collaborations qui se sont avérés nécessaires

dans la planification de l'intervention, les enjeux rencontrés et les apprentissages mis en évidence au cours des

différents exercices de rétroaction menés à la suite de l’opération.

Session 1F: Disaster Recovery

Natural Disasters and Hazards: An Unforeseen Catalyst for Long-Term Economic and Social

Development

H.H. Lam

The media frequently portrays natural disasters as destructive, undesirable events that are a hazard to human

society. However, this stagnant belief that natural disasters are exclusively destructive and undesirable fails to

address the many potential benefits that may accompany a disaster as well including the long-term economical

and social development of a community. This has led to multiple experts on post-disaster recovery having gone

on to describe the occurrence of a disaster as a development vehicle or as an opportunity. With a growing global

frequency of disasters in recent years, many communities are being presented with an increasing importance on

the necessity to investigate the economic and social effects on communities post-disaster. Yet, there exist two

pressing issues that must be addressed – the limited amount of research on the long-term impacts of disasters on

economic and social development and the difficulty of accurately measuring the long-term benefits of the

various subtle long-term benefits associated with natural disasters. As such, this proposal seeks to examine and

raise awareness on the intricate relationship between natural disasters and the potential long-term benefits on the

economic and social development of communities within a Canadian context. In other words, to determine that

natural disasters have the capacity to function as a catalyst to enable long-term opportunities of significant

economic and social development, but only if a post-disaster scenario is effectively managed.

Adaptation du processus de continuité des opérations pour les petites et moyennes entreprises

T. Plamondon-Tremblay, B. Robert, Y. Hémond

Dans le cadre de la planification de continuité des opérations, les organisations doivent réaliser un processus

extensif passant par la création d’un système de management de continuité des opérations. Les petites et

moyennes entreprises (PME) ont des ressources limitées qui rendent difficile le suivi d’un tel processus. Un

changement d’approche s’avère donc nécessaire afin de favoriser l’intégration de la continuité des opérations

dans la gestion courante des PME. Cette intégration passe par un renversement du paradigme de la planification

de continuité des opérations. Dans l’approche actuelle, des stratégies de haut niveau viennent cadrer la

planification des mesures opérationnelles envisagées pour certains processus et activités d’une organisation.

Cette approche se voit remplacée par une autre où les besoins de continuité des opérations des processus et

activités viennent informer et supporter la planification stratégique d’une organisation. Afin de permettre ce

changement dans l’approche de la continuité, des outils doivent être définis pour guider les gestionnaires dans

leur prise de décision. Ces outils possèdent d’abord et avant tout une vocation diagnostique et reposent sur la

notion de temporalité des processus et activités. Cela permettra alors aux gestionnaires de choisir l’échelle de

leur planification, travaillant à long terme ou à plus court terme, et ainsi, d’assurer le développement d’une

organisation plus résiliente.

Session 2F: Hazard and Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia

Improving health outcomes from natural hazards in Indonesia: Health impacts and ways forward

through local women leadership

A. Rutledge

Natural hazards have the potential to create a variety of impacts on health. Disasters affect population health, the

emergency response, and the surrounding health infrastructure. As one of the Sendai Framework signatories,

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Indonesia has committed to expand the role of health in disaster risk reduction (DRR) policies and programs.

While national recognition of the importance of proactive planning in the health sector is a welcomed initiative,

national policies and programs must be translated to the local level to be beneficial. The research uses a

qualitative approach of primary and secondary data collection. From May 10 to May 30 primary field data was

collected from expert interviews in the Java region of Indonesia. Using case study examples of the 2010 Mount

Merapi Volcanic eruption and the 2006 Yogyakarta Earthquake, this presentation aims to discuss the health

impacts from a volcano and an earthquake disaster. Further, through field work, it became apparent that women

are vulnerable in a disaster scenario, yet as seen from examples of disaster-affected regions around Yogyakarta

and Central Java, including women in disaster management and risk reduction activities are effective ways to

lessen the health consequences of disasters and enhance the resilience of the community. Therefore, investing in

education, communication, and training at the community level, women can champion and contribute to DRR

activities and bridge the gender gap of health impacts from disaster.

Preventing Post-Disaster Resettlement in High-Risk Areas of Indonesia

A. Dalley

Many people around the world are already living in high-risk areas prone to hazards and disasters, and

with urbanization continuing and accelerating, more people are likely to settle in these areas and be

exposed to this risk unless actions are taken to prevent resettlement in high-risk areas after disasters.

Indonesia is an ideal location to examine how to prevent post-disaster resettlement in high-risk areas

because the country has experienced many disasters in its past, and many residents have little choice

but to live in these high-risk areas because they do not have the resources to live elsewhere. This

presentation will examine the strategies used to prevent post-disaster resettlement in two Indonesian

case studies, as well as the outcomes of these strategies and factors which may have influenced these

outcomes. The research was based on key informant interviews conducted in Indonesia in May 2016,

which were supplemented through secondary data collection after returning from the field study. The

strategies used in both case studies can be characterized into two typologies, and it is clear that both

types of strategies need to be considered in order to reach a successful outcome. It also became clear

that the outcomes of these strategies are deeply influenced by the complex relationship between many

different factors which are unique for each community.

Session 3F: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

First Nations as Earth Observation Citizen-Scientists

G. Marquis, V. Decker, G. Choma

This research is the result of an open-dialogue with the First Nation of Fort Albany. Areas of Northern Ontario

are regularly impacted by natural disasters, such as floods and ice-jams. During the spring of 2016, the NRCan

remote sensing scientists met with Fort Albany First Nations to open a dialogue. The goal was to generate a

Volunteer Geographic Information (VGI) crowdsourcing pilot project for remote locations. The project was

developed from a genuine exchange of ideas that would leverage existing Earth Observation (EO) products,

adding new data sources and creating applications to improve analysis and validation, and also, to include

traditional-knowledge in EO. The project is broken down into two phases:

1. Introduction, training and use of Un-manned Automated Vehicles (UAVs) by Citizen-Scientists for data

collection over Fort Albany; and

2. Development of a prototype, mobile application that helps validate and enhance EO derived products

generated during natural disasters (eg., flood extent polygons and river ice classifications) during events

such as freshet flooding, flash-floods or river-ice events.

The data collected supports both Natural Resources Canada and Public Safety current investments in flood

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mitigation. The project also aims to generate citizen engagement, capacity-building, and technology transfer to

the First Nation Community of Fort Albany. This collaboration will establish an effective partnership to map ice

breakup, and provide training on the safe, effective usage of UAVs to the Citizen-Scientists of Fort Albany.

Sharing Indigenous Knowledge to Enhance Disaster Resilience

B. Murphy, A. Chretien and L. Pearce

Special thanks to our community partners: Mr. Charles Restoule, Mr. Wendall Nicholas and Ms. Tina Pelletier,

Dokis First Nation, ON, Tobique First Nation, NB, and Prince Albert Grand Council, SK.

The Aboriginal Disaster Resilience Knowledge Sharing Toolkit used storytelling and talking circles, as well as a

community-based research team, to facilitate the sharing of Traditional Knowledge (TK) about non-structural

mitigation and preparedness. The process focused on developing culturally appropriate methods with which to

establish a dialogue amongst TK holders, their communities and local emergency management (EM)

practitioners about past disasters, existing risks and wise practices to mitigate and prepare for emergencies. The

research team, in consultation with the TK holders, developed the Aboriginal Disaster Resilience Knowledge

Sharing Toolkit and 30 video clips which have been integrated into a new section of the Aboriginal Disaster

Resilience Planning (ADRP; https://adrp.jibc.ca/) website. This presentation will share key insights and

deliverables from this project.

Session 4F: Canadian Contributions to Resiliency Abroad

L’éclosion d’Ébola, un défi à la résilience de la Guinée

L. Gauthier

De 2014 à 2016, l’Afrique de l’ouest subi la plus importante épidémie de maladie à virus Ébola. L’Organisation

mondiale de la santé déclare une « urgence de santé publique de portée mondiale ». Le Canada a contribué à la

réponse internationale en déployant une équipe en soutien au Gouvernement guinéen. Cette présentation décrit

les moyens utilisés par la délégation canadienne en vue de renforcer les centres de coordination d’urgence de la

Guinée en soutien aux opérations de santé publique et de sécurité civile contribuant à la résilience du pays face

aux catastrophes de diverses natures.

Le bénévolat au coeur des catastrophes : Super - Typhon Haiyan aux Philippines

Nicolas Chebroux

Comment l'aide humanitaire internationale s'organise concrètement suite à une catastrophe majeure ? Quel rôle

peut jouer le bénévolat pour répondre efficacement aux besoins essentiels d'une population nombreuse sur un

territoire à la fois fortement étendu, isolé et dévasté ? Quels sont les défis et mécanismes de coordination avec

les intervenants locaux, nationaux et internationaux ? Vous êtes invité à le découvrir, étape par étape, grâce à la

caméra embarquée d'une des premières équipes humanitaires sur le terrain suite au passage du plus puissant

typhon enregistré au monde, le Super-Typhon Haiyan aux Philippines en 2013.

Session 1G: Understanding Risks and Vulnerabilities

Resilient Coasts Canada: An online platform for connecting communities to improve resilience to coastal

hazards

G. Oulahen, S. Chang, J. Z. K. Yip, T. Conger, M. Marteleira, C. Carter, E. Gray

Coastal communities around the world face increasing risk from hazards affected by climate change, including

coastal flooding and sea level rise. While many cities have begun working to adapt to coastal hazards through

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planning and engineering efforts, others lack the knowledge and resources to implement appropriate risk

reducing measures. There is a pressing need for sharing resilience knowledge and experiences among coastal

communities. The presentation addresses this need by demonstrating a methodology, the Hazard Vulnerability

Similarity Index (HVSI) that quantifies communities’ vulnerability profiles for the purpose of identifying

communities that are similarly vulnerable to coastal hazards. This indicators-based approach can facilitate the

sharing of knowledge, lessons, and resources that are most relevant to a particular community’s circumstances.

The approach is demonstrated through a case study of cities and towns in coastal British Columbia and Nova

Scotia. The analysis is based on vulnerability indicators representing a community’s social, economic, and

institutional, built environment, and natural capitals, and incorporates the input of local practitioners. An

interactive online platform, launched in August 2016, will be presented to show how municipal practitioners can

use the index to learn more about similarities and differences among case study communities.

Governance process of proactive urban resilience

J.-M. Normandin

In recent decades, natural disasters and technological crises have led to serious consequences in terms of loss of

life, and economic and environmental damages. To face this situation, all levels of government, and especially

municipalities, are encouraged to develop the resilience capacity of society. But despite resilience’s popularity in

policy initiatives, there are great gaps between the discourse and the application. Public authorities face

challenges due to the unclear conceptual definition of resilience, the difficulty of understanding how to

implement resilience in everyday life of urban governance and the tackle hindering strategies. More importantly,

cities have a tendency to focus on reactive resilience – the ability to cope with events requiring an unusual

response – and neglect proactive resilience strategies – the ability to deal systemically with complexity and risk

prior to crisis. Our presentation presents a framework on governance process of proactive urban resilience based

on various definitions of resilience, combinations of implementation instruments and enabling strategies. The

contribution of this research is to improve the knowledge about the implementation of proactive resilience in

terms of goal clarity and instruments, and this, according to different types of urban risks. The methodology is

based on a comparative case study about six cases studies on urban resilience networks developed in three cities

(London, Montreal and Nice) and four types of risk (heat wave, infrastructure failure, crime, and transportation

of hazardous materials). This research presents a great interest for the fields of public administration, crisis

management, public policy, urban governance and climate change studies. Tangible results of this research will

have significant impacts by improving the preparation of municipalities to reduce their vulnerabilities and

respond to future health crises (Ebola, influenza pandemic, etc.), natural disasters (earthquakes, heat waves,

major storms, etc.) or major technological accidents (chemical explosions, major oil spills, etc.). New knowledge

developed by this research could influence policy makers and leaders of various global initiatives on urban

resilience in terms of policy formulation, as well as urban administrators in terms of best practices.

Session 2G: Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia

Student Field Course Experiences – Natural Disasters and Hazards in Indonesia

L. Willmott, B. Doberstein

With ever increasing emphasis on ‘real world’ applications within higher education, field courses have become a

popular approach to experiential and applied learning. Field courses are particularly popular within geography

and development disciplines, including study of natural disasters and hazards. With this immersive approach

learning happens through direct engagement and experience in the field, along with student directed research.

This presentation highlights the student experience of a summer 2016 University of Waterloo, Faculty of the

Environment undergraduate field course on natural disasters and hazards in Indonesia. The intent is to provide

introduction for the student presentations that will follow and information for educators considering similar

activities. The course design adopted, activities undertaken, student research completed and student experience

will be explored.

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Utilization of Forest Cover and Protected Areas to Improve Resilience and Mitigate the Intensity of

Disasters on Java Island

J. Lam

This paper examines the importance of forest cover and protected areas in villages susceptible to natural

disasters on Java Island. Java Island faces deforestation, pollution and fragmentation which make conservation

efforts difficult to achieve. Protected areas provide an opportunity for ecosystems to recuperate and physically

provide buffers against the devastative effects of tsunamis, storms, and flooding events. The community can

improve their resilience using protected areas as a temporary living space and resource during disasters in

addition to a resource to diversify their livelihood. Possible solutions include: alternative livelihoods

(agroforestry), training programs, and stronger regulation enforcement in forests and protected areas. Currently,

non-governmental organizations and villages have conducted successful relocations and incentive programs to

improve their local resilience to disasters. Local participation in management decisions is critical to the success

of forest policies. It is recommended that compatible goals and policies are created in the future.

Perspectives of Post-Disaster Reconstruction Success: Lessons from Indonesia

B. Woodhall

The success of a post-disaster reconstruction effort is defined differently by each stakeholder involved, and these

differences are especially pronounced between governing authorities and vulnerable populations. Through

success stories and failures, whether recovering from a flood, a tsunami or an industrial disaster, Indonesia offers

lessons in considering multiple perspectives of success. While current policy in some nations is increasingly

geared towards building back better and safer, conversations with locals across three villages in Java, Indonesia

revealed that their priorities upon rebuilding were much more concerned with getting back to day-to-day life and

business. Although Indonesia has drafted relatively progressive policies for disaster risk management since the

2004 tsunami, success means more than keeping people out of harm’s way and creating an example of good

planning. This presentation will demonstrate that hazard management and risk reduction are not the only

success measures important in reconstruction projects, but that there must also be consideration for local

livelihoods, which is equally, if not more, important for survivors. Projects that were recognised as successful by

multiple stakeholders were collaborative, encouraging knowledge sharing and that allow communities to make

their own informed decisions to drive their own recovery. Three case studies of villages in Indonesia inform this

research, and they are: a successful (by most measures) relocation project after a flood, a somewhat successful

reconstruction project after a tsunami, and what most victims would consider a failed relocation effort following

an industrial disaster.

The Governance of Natural Hazard and Disaster Management and Resource Extraction in Indonesia

B. Rahman

Indonesia, one of the most natural disaster prone nations in the world, is highly susceptible to a variety of

hazards including volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods, landslides, and tsunamis. A developing country at the

height of its economic growth, the mining and resource extraction industries are essential to the prosperity of

Indonesia’s economy. This focus on economic growth through mining is complicated by the nature of

Indonesia’s governance system as a highly decentralized state, where the policy goals set by the national

government may not align with the interests of local governments and the people. While disaster management is

at the forefront of Indonesian politics, so too is the mining industry, creating the potential for conflict. From sand

mining following volcanic eruptions, to a devastating mud volcano caused by improper gas drilling activity,

natural hazards and disasters and the resource extraction industries are intrinsically connected, resulting in many

instances of “disaster politics”. This presentation will focus on the connection between natural hazards and

disasters and resource extraction industries and will aim to answer the following question: how adequate are the

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legal and policy frameworks guiding resource extraction industries, and do these guidelines consider and aid in

disaster prevention and management in Indonesia? Through the example of Indonesia a comparison can be made

to the impact of Canada’s resource extraction activity on the occurrence and existence of natural hazards

throughout the country, as well as the role of the government in reducing these impacts.

Session 3G: Resilience in Indigenous Communities

INAC, EMAP, and First Nations Resiliency

T.Kuiack, D.A. Diabo, J. Fisk, and J. Stevens

This presentation will provide an overview of the Emergency Management Assistance Program (EMAP) at

Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC), as well as the First Nations projects funded by this program.

Emergencies from a First Nation Perspective

Grand Chief R. Michel, Commissioner R. Kent

Session 4G: Measuring Success

Regional Cooperation, Operability, and Organizational Partnerships: Using Game Theory to Assess

Integration in TIGA for DRR

A. Garland, R. Jacobs, J. Zhuang and S. Garland

Since 2012 the goal of this project was how to achieve regional, local, and tribal integration to help reduce risks

and the economic impacts of disaster events for emergency management (EM) and community organizations

among Tribally Inclusive Geographic Areas jurisdictions (TIGA). RE-COOP expands the CRIOS tool

(Cumulative Regional Integrated Operability Score), which is a regional assessment of critical indicators about

services, resources, and capabilities to improve integration among TIGA EM through mutual collaborations. RE-

COOP examines behavior economics with game theory in an Interagency Partnership model about disaster

management (Zhuang and Coles 2011). The game theory survey estimates risks of cooperation about

preparedness and mitigation across jurisdictions and organizations. With a pilot of TIGA EM participants, the

survey examines logistical, behavioral, and economic challenges of cooperation. The game outcomes identify

decisions or issues for cooperative strategies and provides directions to improve operability through DRR

partnerships. Updates and preliminary outcomes of the pilot survey are provided.

Professional associations’ contributions to communities' disaster resilience

E-M. Cormier, D. Bordeleau

Three professional associations actively contribute to disaster resilience in Québec. L’Association de sécurité

civile du Québec (Emergency Management), le Conseil pour la réduction des accidents industriels majeurs

(Industrial Risk Management) et le Réseau d’échange en continuité des opérations (Business Continuity) each

pursue their own communication, promotion, development, training and certification activities. Furthermore they

collaborate on various initiatives to create synergy and better improve resilience in the communities and

organisations. This panel will first present the associations and their role before opening a discussion on how

they collectively succeed in their respective and collective endeavors.

Closing Plenary: Inspiring Resilience

Vulnerability awareness and reduction, the resilient and the complex organization

M-C. Therrien

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In recent decades, the economic and human impacts of disasters have continued and increased. This growth is

associated with increased urbanization, local consequences of climate change and weather extremes, economic

globalization and inequality, and the increasing interdependencies holding complex systems of critical

infrastructures in place. To prepare for this, organizations focus on building their resilience capacity at a

systemic level, i.e., “the capacity of a social system to proactively adapt to and recover from disturbances that

are perceived within the system to fall outside the range of normal and expected disturbances” (Boin et al, 2010,

p. 9). Despite resilience’s increase in popularity in political discourse and international initiatives, there are

important gaps between the discourse and the “demonstrated capacity to govern resilience in practice”

(Wagenaar and Wilkinson, 2013). Moreover, “there are relatively few actors who engage with resilience armed

with specific technical guidance informed by comprehensive risk and vulnerability analysis (Mitchell 2013, p.1).

Is resilience considered as just another fad or is it an encompassing concept? There is an urge to implement

evidence informed frameworks in complex organizations that will reflect the evolving risks because “working

information base is key to sound management” (Prasad, 2009, p. 55). The transformation of organizations is

critical for tempering effects of ever growing economic loss resulting of poor disaster management, inaccurate or

inexistent data on the current state of infrastructures, and the absence or important limitations of learning efforts

past recovery stages. Organizations are looking for expertise to adopt the changes required and reach their

adaptive potential (Revi et al, 2014). New knowledge must be developed to handle very complex problems

involving multiple actors. In an age of complexity (Duit et al., 2010), is transforming organizations into resilient

organizations a sustainable answer?

Indigenous-led DRR through Social Innovation

M. Goodchild

Social Innovation is radical innovation linked to a systems approach. DRR in Canada is a system. In fact,

viewed as an eco-system there are insights from the field of social innovation that can drive change in the sector.

The nexus of Indigenous Knowledge and DRR is the focus of my phD work in Social and Ecological

Sustainability at the University of Waterloo. This presentation will highlight preliminary findings from my

ongoing research into successful social innovations across diverse sectors with insights for large scale social

transformation in Canada. What is the missing ingredient for effective DRR in Indigenous communities in

Canada? Social innovators understand that they are in fact part of the system that they are trying to change.

Transforming the goal of the system is a powerful leverage point, a catalyst, for change. Developing the

capacities of both Indigenous and non-Indigenous people to work together, in solidarity, to be creative and

entrepreneurial - to be innovative - is key to realizing the goals of the SENDAI Framework for Disaster Risk

Reduction. Innovation can be nurtured, taught and mentored!

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2016 Lifetime Achievement Award

Professor T. Joseph Scanlon, a veteran journalist and esteemed journalism professor who became equally accomplished

as an internationally recognized disaster scholar, died in May 2015.

Professor Scanlon’s career in disaster research spanned close to five decades. Born in Ottawa, he attended Carleton

University and graduated with the Gold Medal for Journalism. He then earned a Master in Arts (Politics) at Queens, but

declined a doctoral fellowship to pursue journalism.

Among other posts, he served as the Parliamentary and Washington correspondents for the Toronto Daily Star before

turning to full-time teaching. Already an established lecturer, in 1966 he joined the permanent faculty of the Carleton

University School of Journalism (later renamed the School of Journalism and Communication). He served as its direc-

tor from 1966 to 1973.

In 1970, he became interested in the study of rumours, or how information passes from person to person. This soon

evolved into the study of crises, from hostage takings to earthquakes, and from forest fires to airplane crashes. His re-

search was done by using what are called snowball samples, which means starting with a small random sample then

expanding the interview base by tracing the flow of information across a community.

This innovative approach to research led to funding from the Operations Research Establishment of Canada’s Defence

Research Board and later from Public Safety Canada. For nearly 20 years, Professor Scanlon organized and ran a field

research team–Carleton’s Emergency Communications Research Unit–that responded to emergency incidents in Cana-

da and documented what happened using questionnaires.

The resulting body of research and publications was the foundation from a prolific career as a disaster researcher, lec-

turer, and consultant in Canada and around the world, in parallel to his journalism career. Among other accomplish-

ments, in 1987-88 he was Visiting Professor at the Disaster Research Center, Department of Sociology, University of

Delaware.

In 1994, he was elected President of the International Research Committee for Disasters Research, International Socio-

logical Association. In 1995, on retirement from Carleton University, he was appointed Professor Emeritus. In 1996, he

became general editor of a series of six books on disaster sponsored by the Research Committee. In 2002, he received

the Charles Fritz award for a lifetime contribution to the Sociology of Disaster. Professor Scanlon’s papers, including

the transcript for an unpublished book on the Halifax explosion, are now part of the Enrico (Henry) L. Quarantelli col-

lection at the Disaster Research Centre (DRC), University of Delaware. He made an indelible to contribution to the

study of disasters and his death was strongly felt across the disaster research community.

CRHNet Awards Program

The CRHNet Awards Program is a national awards program established to recognize and honour exemplary individuals

participating in and contributing to the study and practice of disaster risk management. The program is run by a standing

committee of CRHNet members which reports to the CRHNet Board. CRHNet Awards are presented annually at the

CRHNet Symposium held in the Fall of each year. Details of individual awards can be found below.

Larry Pearce Education Award – The “Pearce Education Award” is offered by CRHNet members to deserving post-

secondary students undertaking studies in any discipline related to Canadian disaster risk and/or emergency manage-

ment. The award is Intended to defray the post-secondary education costs for recipients in the year the award is granted.

Accordingly, recipients must be enrolled in full-time studies in the year in which the award is given.

Lifetime Achievement Award - The CRHNet “Lifetime Achievement Award” is the organization’s highest honour.

Presented annually, this award is offered to recognize the lifetime contributions and achievements of exemplary individ-

uals to the enhancement of Canadian disaster safety. Eligibility for this award is open to all Canadians, and recognizes

individual service to public safety through disaster management practice, research, education and leadership.

Symposium Travel Bursary – The Symposium Travel Bursary, or “STuBby”, is a travel bursary offered by the

CRHNet membership to defray the costs of students and young professionals interested in attending the annual CRHNet

Symposium.

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CRHNet Board Members

Ernest MacGillivray President

Patricia Martel Vice President

Judith Muncaster Treasurer

Brenda L. Murphy Secretary

Gale McMahon Director

David Diabo Director

Melanie Goodchild Director

Quazi Hassan Director

Steve Palmer Director

Ryan Hunt Director

Mark Seemann Director

Shona van Zijll de

Jong

Director

Marion Boon Executive Di-

rector

Ron Kuban Past President

Larry Pearce Ambassador

Thank you!

See you next year at the 2017 CRHNet Symposium in Halifax!

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Sponsors of the 13th Annual CRHNet Symposium

The board members of the Canadian Risk and Hazards Network would like to thank the sponsors of this

year’s symposium. Their generous contributions have made this Symposium possible.

Exhibitors

Public Safety Canada

University of Waterloo

Platinum Sponsor

Gold Sponsor Silver Sponsor

Bronze Sponsor

Indigenous and Northern Affairs

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