mood profiling of international athletes in argentina
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Mood Profiling of International Athletes in Argentina. Dr. Patricia Wightman MD National Center of High Performance Athletics (CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina. Co-authors. Dr. Peter Terry. Centro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo (CeNARD). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Mood Profiling of International Athletes in Argentina
Dr. Patricia Wightman MDNational Center of High Performance Athletics (CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina
Co-authors
Dr. Peter Terry
Nellie GiscafreCentro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo (CeNARD)
Method
Sample
• Total = 1,100 athletes from CENARD
• Sex: male = 63.2%, female = 36.8%
• Ages: range = 11-60 yr, M = 19.6 ± 5.3 yr.
• Range of sports (N = 18) tennis = 224, basketball = 217, kayak = 148,
rowing = 146, hockey = 90, handball = 57, fencing = 41, shooting = 36, volleyball = 30, sailing = 27, others = 84
Procedure
• Spanish version of POMS used, based on
Perez % Mari (1991)• 65 items, six subscales (tension, depression,
anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion)• Past week response set used• Data collected over a 15-year period (1994-
2009) • Data collected in consulting office, training
venue or competition venue
Analyses
• Comparison of mood responses by age, gender and type of sport
• Tables of normative data specific to Argentine athletes
• Comparison of Argentine norms with previous norms
• Table for interpretation of mood profiles• Relationships between mood profiles and
performance
Results
Table 1. Relationships between mood responses and age among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Age
r p
Tension .001 N.S.
Depression -.02 N.S.
Anger .07 N.S.
Vigor .008 N.S.
Fatigue .03 N.S.
Confusion -.01 N.S.
N.S. = not significant
Table 2. MANOVA of POMS scores by gender among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Male (n = 695) Female (n = 405)
M SD M SD F(1,1098)
Tension 11.7 5.5 10.4 5.5 15.5*
Depression 5.7 6.2 6.4 7.0 3.3
Anger 9.4 6.5 9.6 6.5 0.1
Vigor 19.0 4.6 18.9 5.2 0.4
Fatigue 6.1 4.4 5.9 4.8 0.9
Confusion 6.3 4.0 6.4 4.1 0.1
* p < .001, d = .24 Wilks’ = .97, p < .001, eta-squared = .03
Table 3. MANOVA of POMS scores by type of sport among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Team (n = 555) Individual (n = 545)
M SD M SD F(1,1098)
Tension 11.9 5.7 10.6 5.3 15.3*
Depression 5.9 6.3 6.0 6.7 0.1
Anger 9.5 6.6 9.5 6.4 0.1
Vigor 18.9 4.9 19.0 4.8 0.3
Fatigue 6.6 4.8 5.4 4.2 20.0*
Confusion 6.3 4.2 6.4 3.8 0.2
* p < .001, d = .24 Wilks’ = .96, p < .001, eta-squared = .04
Summary
• No relationship between mood responses and age
• Male athletes report higher tension than female athletes
• Team athletes report higher tension and fatigue than individual athletes
Figure 1. Mean POMS profile for Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100) plotted against athlete norms (N = 2,086; Terry & Lane,
2000) and student norms (N = 856; McNair et al, 1992)
30
40
50
60
70
TEN DEP ANG VIG FAT CON
Athlete norms
Student norms
Table 4. Comparison of POMS scores between Argentine international athletes and athlete norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
Argentina (N = 1,100) Athlete norms (N = 2,086)
M SD M SD d
Tension 11.2 5.5 7.0 6.3 .67*
Depression 6.0 6.5 5.2 7.7 .10*
Anger 9.5 6.5 6.3 7.2 .44*
Vigor 19.0 4.9 17.2 6.6 .27*
Fatigue 6.0 4.6 6.6 5.8 .10*
Confusion 6.4 4.0 5.4 4.5 .22*
* p < .001
Summary
• Argentine athletes typically report iceberg profiles compared to student norms (McNair et al., 1992)
• Argentine athletes report higher tension, depression, anger, vigor and confusion, and lower fatigue than published athlete norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
Mood and Performance
The Double Iceberg
Athlete Screening
Green, Amber
and Red
Light POMS
Table 5. Interpretation of POMS scores among Argentine international athletes
ANG CON DEP FAT TEN VIG
0-7 0-5 0-3 0-4 0-10 20+
8-23 6-14 4-19 5-14 11-21 10-19
24+ 15+ 20+ 15+ 22+ 0-9
Green = 0-50%; Amber = 51-95%; Red = 96-100% (Vig: Green = 51-100%; Amber = 5-50%; Red =0-4%)
Conclusions
• Argentine norms differ from existing norms• Mood responses among Argentine international
athletes vary by gender and type of sport but are unrelated to age
• Mood profiles can be dichotomised into green, amber and red categories for screening purposes
• Double iceberg profiles are associated with successful performance for many athletes
Thank you for your attention
Gracias AASP