more on maize and its growth. corn or maize – zea mays
TRANSCRIPT
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More on Maize and Its Growth
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Corn or Maize – Zea mays
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Zeamayssubsp.mexicana
Zeamayssubsp.mays
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Variation in ear size and kernel color fromMexican landraces of corn
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Steps from Teosinte to Maize
1. Maize cobs do not shatter (fall apart) whereas teosinte ears shatter when mature
2. Each teosinte grain is netled in a hard, deep floral structure the cupule and covered by a hard sheath (the glume). The grains of corn are naked and held outside a collapsed cupule
3. Each teosinte cupule contains a single fertile spikelet; maize cupules have two fertile spikelets
4. Teosinte cupules are arranged in 2 ranks (rows) but maize are in 4 to 10 rows
5. Teosinte has long primary branches that each ends in a male tassel and there are numerous tiny ears along each branch. Maize has short primary branches that end in a single ear – only a few ears per plant; male tassel at apex of plant
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Hugh Iltis – then and now
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Apical dominance
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Apical dominance
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Apical dominance
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Teosinte to Maize
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Feminized Tassels
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Feminized Tassels
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Sweet Corn Traditions
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Boiling Sweet Corn
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Traditional Consumption
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Grilling Sweet Corn
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Traditional Pop Corn Variety
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Corn Popping
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Squanto and Pilgrims
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North Eastern Native American Groups
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Three Sisters Mound System
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Three Sisters Mound System
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Three Sisters Planting Scheme
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Benefits of Three Sisters Mounds• In the Northeast where ground was frequently cold and damp in
early spring, mounds allowed the soil to warm up and drain more quickly
• Mounds allowed an increase in soil organic matter by repeatedly incorporating dead plant material with soil in mounds
• Decomposition of dead plant material increased soil nutrients; also growing beans which are N-fixers increased soil N for all plants in the mound
• Mounds minimized soil compaction (people did not walk on mounds, but around them) and reduced soil erosion as fields were not constantly plowed or dug up
• Mound system allowed easy regulation of plant spacing and plant populations