*GREEN WORLD

MOROCCOBY:DHRUVIN PATEL (11BEE021)     

Morocco is 57th largest country of the world and it has coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the “strait of Gibraltar”.

Area = 4,46,550 km2

Water = 250 km2

Population =32 lacks (as per 2012)

In 1990s’(AS PER SURVEY OF ELECTRICAL COMMISSION OF AFRICA’90)

Electrical power consumption (kWh per capita) = 340 kWh and total consumption in morocco=8236 GkWh.

Electricity production based on coal sources=63.7%

Based on hydroelectric= 2.1% Based on natural gases= 7% Based on oil sources= 22.2% Based on biomass=0.3% Based on solar energy=0.6%

As per the study BY: Benjamin K.Sovacool, Oxford University’04.

Greenhouse gas emissions are different as per different energy sources which we use. Wind =9 g/kWh Hydroelectric=10g/kWh Solar energy=13g/kWh Nuclear energy=66g/kWh Geothermal energy=38g/kWh Biomass=14-35g/kWh Heavy oil=778g/kWh Coal=1050g/kWhSo in 1990’s total greenhouse gas emission was around=40 million tonnes

But now our mission for 2012-2020:

We are going to more focus on renewable sources and we would like to apply here one innovative thing that is DC-AC hybrid grid. We are proposing some sites for it as per theirs suitability. And we are going to reduce the size of coal based power plants as we have a lot of renewable sources. Just we have to use them. The geography of Morocco spans from the Atlantic Ocean, to mountainous area, to the Sahara (desert).

So we have a wide scope to use all types of renewable energy sources. And it is one of the highest rates of solar insolation of any country about 5000 hours per year of sunshine and about 11-20 kWh/m2.

And wind speed is also about 15-16km/hrs and so many geothermal zones are also available.

And so we are also taking care of 30% increased load demand here.

Hence we are suggesting some of the sites with proposed capacity.

Solar energy: ‘Tan-tan’ and ‘Tagora’ in Sahara desert (200MW and

220MW)

Wind energy: ON-shore

Rabat (22MW), Larache (14MW), Asilla (16MW), Tangiar

(17MW)

OFF-shore:

Two units (600MW per unit) in near to coast region in

Atlantic Ocean.

Geothermal energy: In Atlas Mountains, there is some geothermal zone which has 600-700 degree centigrade temp. Below 20-30 meter so we are going to use this energy and propose a plant for 10 units (each units 400MW).

Hydroelectric energy: Tiznit (1800MW), Taza (1400MW), Nador (2200MW), Berrechid (2500MW)

Tidal energy: In Palk Strait (650MW)

Biomass: Marrakech (200MW), Agadir (150MW), Sallat (100MW)

(AS PER SURVEY OF ELECTRICAL COMMISSION OF AFRICA’10)

Electrical power consumption (kWh per capita) = 876 kWh and total consumption in morocco=12236 GkWh. And among them,

Electricity production based on coal sources=42.7%

Based on hydroelectric= 12.1% Based on natural gases= 09.2% Based on oil sources= 8.7% Based on biomass=9.2% Based on solar energy=13.3%

Again as per the study BY: Benjamin K.Sovacool, Oxford University’04.

Greenhouse Gas emission is reduced up to 32.5% and it will be 28.4 million tonnes.

{WE ARE PROPOSING THIS SITES AS PER GEOLOGICAL AND ALL REQUIRED CONCERNS}