mortality and complications outcomes 2020 …...while complications sometimes occur during a...

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Mortality and Complications Outcomes

2020 Methodology

Confidential © Copyright 2019 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be reproduced or redistributed without the express permission of Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Data Acquisition 3 Cohort Definitions and Outcomes 4 Defining In-Hospital Complications 5

Diagnosis Records With Unknown or Empty POA Indicator 6 Diagnosis Records With POA Indicators 7 Independent vs. Dependent Complications 7

Multivariate Logistic Regression Models 7 Statistically Significant Risk Factors 7 Model Coefficient Summary and Fit Statistics Tables 8 Adjustment for POA Fill Rate as an Additional Model Variable 8 Hospital Performance 8

Limitations of the Data Models 9 Appendix A. Patient Cohort Definitions 10 Appendix B. Coefficient Summary Table – Mortality Cohorts 18 Appendix C. Coefficient Summary Table – Complication Cohorts 79 Appendix D. Model Fit Statistics 107 Appendix E. Hospital Ratings Removal Policy 108 Appendix F. All-Payer States Citations and Disclaimers 109

Healthgrades Mortality & Complications Outcomes Methodology 3 • • •

Introduction To help consumers evaluate and compare hospital performance for care provided during a hospital stay for specific conditions or procedures, Healthgrades analyzed clinical outcomes data for virtually every hospital in the country. Analyses included Medicare-patient care records for nearly 4,500 short-term, acute care hospitals nationwide, assessing hospital performance relative to each of 32 common conditions and procedures (cohorts), plus two cohorts using all-payer data available for 15 states. The Healthgrades methodology uses multivariate logistic regression to risk adjust for patient demographic and clinical risk factors that influence patient outcomes in significant and systematic ways.

The purpose of risk adjustment is to obtain fair statistical comparisons of mortality and complication rates between hospitals while accounting for differences in underlying risk factors observed in the data among disparate populations or groups. Significant differences in demographic and clinical risk factors are found among patients treated in different hospitals; thus, it is necessary to make accurate and valid comparisons of clinical outcomes with a methodology using risk-adjustment techniques. Risk factors may include age, gender, specific procedure performed, and comorbid conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes.

Individual risk models are constructed and tailored for each of the 34 conditions or procedures relative to each specific outcome. Model clinical outcomes reflect clinical-based measures of patient status during and after care (during the episode of care in a hospital stay) and include: in-hospital complications, in-hospital mortality, and 30-day post-admission mortality. In cases where Medicare data do not adequately represent the population with a specific condition or having a specific procedure, such as appendectomy and bariatric surgery, Healthgrades evaluated hospitals using all-payer data. Healthgrades is unable to provide ratings nationwide for these procedures and only reports on hospital clinical performance in the 15 states that make all-payer data available.

Data Acquisition Healthgrades used the following data sources in the analysis of hospital patient records:

• Medicare inpatient data from the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) file purchased from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) for years 2016 through 2018. The MedPAR data were selected for several reasons:

• Almost every hospital in the country is included in the database, with the exception of military and Veterans Administration hospitals.

• Accuracy is regulated. Hospitals are required by law to submit complete and accurate information for fee-for-service Medicare patient hospital care with substantial penalties for those that report inaccurate or incomplete data.

• The Medicare population represents most of the patients for the clinical categories studied.

• Inpatient all-payer data for the appendectomy and bariatric surgery cohorts were provided by the following 15 states:

• Colorado • Nevada* • Pennsylvania • Washington* • Florida • New Jersey • Rhode Island* • West Virginia • Iowa • New York • Texas • Wisconsin • Maryland • Oregon • Virginia*

*See Appendix F. All-payer States Citations and Disclaimers


• Since the appendectomy and bariatric surgery cohorts include very few patients older than 65 years of age, all-payer data were used to rate hospitals in those states where state data were available. Consequently, appendectomy and bariatric surgery cohorts were based exclusively on state data from years 2015 through 2017 (one year behind MedPAR data years).

Healthgrades conducted a series of data quality checks to preserve the integrity of the analyses. Based on the applied integrity checks, up to 50% of patient records were excluded from the MedPAR 2016-2018 and all-payer 2015-2017 analysis, depending on the cohort. Patient records were identified for exclusion because, for example, they were determined to be miscoded or were otherwise inappropriate for inclusion in the data sets used for analyses.

Examples of Healthgrades standard rules used to exclude patient records are:

• Patients under the age of 65.

• Patients who left the hospital against medical advice or who were transferred to another acute care hospital.

• Patients discharged alive with a length of stay that is inconsistent with the reason for admission (e.g., a patient discharged alive with a one-day length of stay for valve surgery would be excluded because this procedure requires several days for in-hospital recovery).

• Patients who were still in the hospital when the claim was filed.

• Patients with an invalid gender (e.g., a prostatectomy related to a female patient).

• Patients with an invalid age.

• Patients who have had any organ transplant.

• Patients in medical cohorts who were discharged to hospice.*

• Patients in medical cohorts with metastatic cancers.* * Medical cohorts include non-surgical cohorts: bowel obstruction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetic emergencies, gastrointestinal bleed, heart attack, heart failure, hip fracture treatment, pancreatitis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, respiratory failure, sepsis, and stroke.

Cohort Definitions and Outcomes Healthgrades analyzed clinical outcomes (mortality and complications) independently for all 34 condition or procedure cohorts. For each, a list of specific procedures and diagnoses that define the cohort as well as a list of exclusions representing rare and/or clinically complex diagnoses and procedures that cannot be adequately risk-adjusted were developed. A full list of ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes used to define each cohort can be found in Healthgrades ICD-10 Mapping Tool at https://icd10mappingtool.healthgrades.com/.

For a hospital to be eligible for a rating in a cohort, at least 30 cases across three years of data and at least five cases in the most current year are required per cohort and per hospital. As a result, the number of hospitals that qualified and received a rating ranged from a low of 456 rated for bariatric surgery to a high of 4,001 rated for pneumonia.

For 19 of the cohorts, clinical outcomes evaluated were in-hospital and 30-day post-admission mortality (see Table 1).

For 15 of the cohorts, the clinical outcome evaluated was the occurrence of one or more in-hospital complications (see Table 1), as defined by clinical and coding experts. A list of the ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes that indicate in-hospital complications for each cohort can be found in Healthgrades ICD-10 Mapping Tool at https://icd10mappingtool.healthgrades.com/.

https://icd10mappingtool.healthgrades.com/



For the analyses, clinical outcomes were dichotomous:

• Complications were documented in the patient record as either present or not present.

• Mortality was documented in the patient record as either recorded as alive or deceased. In cohorts where the clinical outcome was complications, mortality was considered a complication.

Table 1. Mortality and Complication Cohorts Mortality Cohorts Bowel Obstruction Heart Failure

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Pancreatitis

Colorectal Surgeries Pneumonia

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery Pulmonary Embolism

Coronary Interventional Procedures Respiratory Failure

Cranial Neurosurgery Sepsis

Diabetic Emergencies Small Intestine Surgeries

Esophageal/Stomach Surgeries Stroke

Gastrointestinal Bleed Valve Surgery

Heart Attack In-Hospital Complication Cohorts Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Hip Replacement

Appendectomy Pacemaker Procedures

Back and Neck Surgeries (Without Spinal Fusion) Peripheral Vascular Bypass

Bariatric Surgery Prostate Removal Surgery

Carotid Procedures Spinal Fusion

Defibrillator Procedures Total Knee Replacement

Gallbladder Removal Surgery Transurethral Prostate Resection Surgery

Hip Fracture Treatment

Defining In-Hospital Complications For some procedures and treatments, Healthgrades evaluates in-hospital complications—if patients experience one or more complications during their hospital stay for a procedure or treatment.

While complications sometimes occur during a patient's hospital stay, Healthgrades pinpoints complications that should not occur with a typical patient. Many of these complications are preventable and usually cause a prolonged hospital stay, additional and costly medical treatments, harm, and sometimes even death.

In October of 2007 (fiscal year 2008), CMS began requiring most hospitals to provide a present on admission (POA) indicator for every diagnosis submitted. This indicator is intended to distinguish complications that occur during a patient’s hospital stay from those present at the time the patient was admitted to the hospital.

Hospitals excluded from the POA requirement included: critical access hospital, long-term care hospitals, cancer hospitals, children’s inpatient facilities, rural health clinics, inpatient rehabilitation or psychiatric hospitals, and federal healthcare facilities. Hospitals in Maryland generally operated under a waiver in section 1814(b)(3) of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 and were exempt from POA


reporting until October 2014. CMS began requiring Maryland hospitals to report POA status beginning in the 2014 fiscal year.

Table 2 shows the POA indicators listed in the 2019 MedPAR Codebook* and how they were used by Healthgrades in determining in-hospital complications in the current 2020 award year analyses. These indicators are identical to those in the all-payer data file.

Table 2. Present On Admission Indicators POA Indicator (Interpretation)

CMS Description*

Use by Healthgrades

Y (Yes, Present)

Present at the time of inpatient admission

Utilized in the risk-adjustment process

N (No, Not Present)

Not present at the time of inpatient admission

Used to identify in-hospital complications

U, [blank], 1, Other (Unknown)

Documentation is insufficient to determine if condition was present on admission Unreported/not used—exempt from POA reporting

May require the co-occurrence of other codes to be a complication, see Records with No POA Indicator section below. If not considered a complication, it may be used in risk adjustment.

W (Clinically Undetermined)

Provider is unable to clinically determine whether condition was present on admission or not.

Not considered a complication nor used in risk adjustment

* Chronic Condition Data Warehouse MedPAR Codebook 1.0 Available from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. https://www.ccwdata.org › documents › Codebook-MedPAR

Diagnosis Records With Unknown or Empty POA Indicator When utilizing administrative patient records, Healthgrades identifies diagnosed conditions as either pre-existing or hospital-acquired. Only the hospital-acquired conditions are considered as in-hospital complications in our analyses.

To differentiate between pre-existing and hospital-acquired conditions when there is no POA indicator or the POA indicator is U (unknown), Healthgrades uses the presence of a postoperative complication code to identify a documented occurrence of a complication. For example, in the case where a patient record contains ICD-9 427.31 or ICD-10 I48.0 (Atrial Fibrillation) without a POA indicator, that code is considered a comorbid risk factor if it occurs by itself and an in-hospital complication if there is an ICD 997.1 Cardiac Complications code or one of several ICD-10 cardiac complication codes, including I97.89 (Other Post-Procedural Complications and Disorder of Circulatory System, NEC), also present in the patient record.

Healthgrades does not require the presence of a postoperative complication code for diagnoses that were clearly hospital-acquired (e.g., heart attack in an elective procedure such as total knee replacement).


Diagnosis Records With POA Indicators When there is a POA indicator present, a diagnosis is only considered an in-hospital complication if the POA indicator is set to No. This means that the condition was not present at the time of admission and was acquired during the hospitalization episode of care.

Independent vs. Dependent Complications Complications are “independent” if the condition clearly occurred during a patient’s hospital stay or if the condition is defined as postoperative by the coding definition. These conditions only require a single code to be present in order to be counted as a complication. They are not counted as a complication if the POA indicator was “Yes” or “Clinically Undetermined”. Complications described as “dependent” are conditions that must either have POA indicator set to “No” or if the POA indicator is set to “Unknown” or is missing, there must also be the listed the ICD-9 900 postoperative complication code or its ICD-10 equivalent present in the patient record. These conditions require two codes (the condition ICD code and the 900 series complication code or its ICD-10 equivalent) to be considered a complication. A full list of ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes can be found in Healthgrades ICD-10 Mapping Tool at https://icd10mappingtool.healthgrades.com/.

Multivariate Logistic Regression Models For each of the 34 cohorts, individual risk models were constructed and tailored for each condition or procedure relative to the specific clinical outcome; including, in-hospital complications, in-hospital mortality or 30-day post-admission mortality.

Healthgrades methodology uses multivariate logistic regression to adjust for patient risk factors that influence patient outcomes in significant and systematic ways. Risk factors may include age, gender, specific procedure performed, comorbid conditions. Examples of comorbid conditions that may be evaluated include hypertension, chronic renal failure, heart failure, and diabetes.

Statistically Significant Risk Factors For each cohort, comorbid diagnoses (e.g., hypertension, chronic renal failure, anemia, and diabetes), demographic characteristics (age and gender), source of patient admission, and specific procedures (e.g., percutaneous coronary intervention in heart bypass surgery) were classified as potential risk factors. Healthgrades used logistic regression to determine which of these potential risk factors were statistically significant in predicting the outcome measure (e.g., mortality). All risk factors that remained in the final model were statistically significant at the p ≤ .05 level in predicting the clinical outcome.

Risk factors with an odds ratio less than 1.0 were removed from the final model. There were occasional exceptions to this rule, determined by statistical and clinical expert review. For example, risk factors that have been documented in the medical literature to be associated with lower risk of mortality or complications and risk factors that are part of the cohort definition remained in the model even if the odds ratio was less than one (e.g., clipping of aneurysm in stroke).

Appendix B lists the coefficient summary table for each of the 19 mortality-based cohorts. Appendix C lists the coefficient summary table for each of the 15 complication-based cohorts. Included in the summary tables are the risk factor descriptions, the model coefficients, standard errors, z-statistics, and odds ratios.

The statistical models were checked for predictive ability and finalized. All of the models were predictive of the outcome being measured, with c-statistics ranging from 0.667 to 0.944. These cohort-specific and outcome-specific models were then used to estimate the probability of the outcome for each patient in the cohort (predicted probability of mortality and complications). Appendix D, Model Fit Statistics contains the c-stat with a 95% confidence interval for each risk-adjustment model by cohort.



Model Coefficient Summary and Fit Statistics Tables (See Appendix B and Appendix C for coefficient summary tables for 34 logistic regression models. For each model, tables include the following items:

• Model (factor) Coefficient – This represents the increase or decrease to the patient level log odds when the patient has the associated factor.

• Standard Error – This is a measure of variation for the coefficient.

• Z-Statistic – This is a test statistic which provides a measure of the strength of the relationship between the factor and the outcome.

• Odds Ratio – This is the most commonly interpreted component of a logistic regression model. This indicates the relative increase in the likelihood of a negative outcome (mortality or complication) when a patient has the risk factor relative to a patient who does not.

Adjustment for POA Fill Rate as an Additional Model Variable POA fill rates were included as an additional independent variable for each year of data. The POA fill rate was calculated as the percent of diagnosis codes having a known POA indicator value of Yes, No or Clinically Undetermined among patients in that cohort at that hospital.

This additional risk adjustment was necessary because critical access hospitals were exempt from POA reporting. Thus, these hospitals had lower rates of detectable in-hospital complications and conversely, more conditions potentially factored into the acuity adjustment. Testing verified that the inclusion of POA fill rates in the logistic regression model adequately adjusted for the differing overall rates of complications between hospitals reporting POA and the exempt hospitals.

Hospital Performance Once the regression models were developed, Healthgrades stratified hospital performance for each of the 34 conditions or procedures into three categories:

Better Than Expected – Actual performance was better than predicted and the difference was statistically significant at alpha = 0.1.

As Expected – Actual performance was not statistically significantly different from what was predicted at alpha = 0.1.

Worse Than Expected – Actual performance was worse than predicted and the difference was statistically significant at alpha = 0.1.

Developing the Healthgrades hospital performance categories involved four steps:

1. The hospital predicted value (predicted number of deaths or complications at each hospital) was calculated by summing the individual patient record predicted values determined from logistic regression models discussed above.

2. The hospital predicted value was compared with the actual or observed value (e.g., actual number of deaths or complications at each hospital).

3. A test was conducted to determine whether the difference between the predicted and actual values was statistically significant. This test was performed to make sure that differences were very unlikely to be caused by chance alone. A z-score was used to establish an approximate 90% confidence interval.*

4. Hospital performance star-levels were determined based upon the outcome of the test for statistical significance.


*In stratifying hospital performance categories, Healthgrades establishes a 90% confidence interval for z-score distribution with cut-offs of 1.645 standard deviations above and below the mean. The 5-star hospital performance category for a specific condition or procedure includes scores more than 1.645 standard deviations above the mean. The 1-star hospital performance category for a specific condition or procedure includes scores more than 1.645 standard deviations below the mean. Additionally, the Hosmer-Lemeshow patient level variance estimates were used to calculate hospital specific standard deviations for test of statistical significance.

Limitations of the Data Models While logistic regression models may be valuable in identifying hospitals that perform better than others for care provided during a hospital stay, one should not use this information alone to determine the quality of care provided at each hospital. The models are limited by the following factors:

• Cases may have been coded incorrectly or incompletely by the hospital.

• The models can only account for risk factors that are coded into medical claims record. If a particular risk factor was not coded into the billing data, such as a patient’s socioeconomic status and health behavior, then it was not accounted for with these models.

Please note that hospitals grouped into the 5-star category for performance in a specific cohort do not serve as a recommendation or endorsement by Healthgrades for any hospital; it means that the data associated with a particular hospital have met the foregoing qualifications. Individual patients should decide, in conjunction with their doctor, whether a particular hospital is suited for their unique needs.

Also note that if more than one hospital reported to CMS under a single provider ID, Healthgrades analyzed patient outcomes data for those hospitals as a single unit. Throughout this document, therefore, “hospital” refers to one hospital or a group of hospitals reporting under a single provider ID. Some hospitals that operate as a single unit submit data under multiple provider IDs. In this case, the data from the multiple provider IDs are combined and reported under the parent hospital provider ID.

Appendix A. Patient Cohort Definitions


Appendix A. Patient Cohort Definitions Appendectomy

Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Appendectomy Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Laparoscopic • Open procedures

• None

Bariatric Surgery Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Bariatric Surgery

• Diagnosis of obesity or morbid obesity

& • Procedures for open and

laparoscopic gastric bypass, banding, or restriction

• Revision of gastric restriction procedures

• Primary or metastatic malignancies

• Duodenal, gastric, or peptic ulcers

• Patients undergoing a non-bariatric (not for weight loss) GI procedure

Cardiac Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery (Isolated) Primary Procedure May have a PCI in this stay Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Coronary bypass of one or more arteries

• Patient discharged alive with a length of stay < 1 day

• Cases with accompanying: o Valve repair and

replacement, including catheter-based valve procedures

o Aortic aneurysm repair o Carotid endarterectomy

Coronary Interventional Procedures (PCI) - Inpatient Primary Procedure is PCI or Principal Procedure of Intra-aortic balloon pump with PCI in a subsequent coded position Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Removal of coronary artery obstruction

• Single or multi-vessel • Balloon angioplasty with or

without thrombolytic agent • Stent may be bare metal or drug

eluting

• CABG or valve surgery during the same stay



Cardiac Service Line (continued) Defibrillator Procedures Defined by Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Defibrillator implants • CABG or valve surgery during the same stay

• Coronary angioplasty/stent during the same stay

Heart Attack Primary Diagnosis Includes patients who receive thrombolytics, PCI, CABG, Valve Surgery, or medical management only during the hospital stay Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• All myocardial infarctions • Respirator-dependent status • Heart assist device • Metastatic cancers • Discharge to hospice

Heart Failure Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Systolic, diastolic, combined, left, or rheumatic

• Acute or chronic • Decompensated or

compensated

• Dialysis during the same stay • Respirator-dependent status • Heart assist device • Metastatic cancers • Discharge to hospice

Pacemaker Procedures Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Pacemaker implants and/or leads

• Replacement of pacemaker implant and/or leads

• Revision of pacemaker implants and/or leads

• Pacemaker and/or lead removal

• CABG or valve surgery during the same stay

• Coronary angioplasty/stenting during the same stay

Valve Surgery Procedure at any position May have CABG during the same hospital stay Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Open or endoscopic replacement

• Open valvuloplasties • Aortic, mitral, pulmonary, or

tricuspid, including TAVR

• Aortic dissections and repairs • Patients discharged alive with

a length of stay < 1 day



Critical Care Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Diabetic Emergencies Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Diabetic ketoacidosis • HHNK (Hyperosmolar

Hyperglycemic Non-Ketotic Coma)

• Hypoglycemic shock

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Respirator-dependent status • Patients discharged alive with

a length of stay < 1 day • Discharge to hospice

Pulmonary Embolism Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Pulmonary embolism and infarction

• Septic or other • Other Pulmonary embolism with

acute cor pulmonale

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Patients discharged alive with


Respiratory Failure Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Acute respiratory failure • Acute and chronic respiratory

failure

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Discharge to hospice

Sepsis Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Sepsis o Bacterial o Viral o Unspecified organism

• Severe sepsis • Septic shock

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Patients discharged alive with


Gastrointestinal Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Bowel Obstruction Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Pyloric stenosis • Gastrojejunal ulcer with

obstruction • Intestinal obstruction without

hernia • Duodenal ulcer with obstruction • Other obstruction of duodenum • Hernia with obstruction • Gallstone ileus • Intussusception

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Discharge to hospice • Patients deceased with a

length of stay <1 day

Colorectal Surgeries Primary Procedure Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Resection of colon • Resection of rectum • Hemicolectomy (Open and

laparoscopic) • Sigmoidectomy (Open and

laparoscopic) • Cecectomy (Open and

laparoscopic) • Large-to-Large intestine

anastomosis • Colostomy procedure

• Metastatic cancers



Gastrointestinal Service Line (continued) Esophageal/Stomach Surgeries Primary Procedure Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Gastrostomy • Gastrectomy • Procedures for control of

bleeding • Sutures of ulcer sites • Repairs of stomach or esophagus

• Metastatic cancers • Patients undergoing a bariatric

(weight loss) procedure

Gallbladder Removal Surgery (Cholecystectomy) Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Open or laparoscopic • Total or partial

• Does not include primary procedure of gallbladder stenting

Gastrointestinal Bleed Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Bleeding/hemorrhage from any of the following: o Esophageal varices o Esophageal ulcer o Gastric ulcer o Duodenal ulcer o Peptic ulcer o Gastrojejunal ulcer o Gastritis or duodenitis o Angiodysplasia of stomach

and duodenum o Diverticulosis o Rectum or anus o Dieulafoy lesion of intestine

• Hematemesis • Melena • Hemorrhage of GI tract,

unspecified

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Respirator-dependent status • Discharge to hospice • Patients deceased with a

length of stay <1 day

Small Intestine Surgeries Primary Procedure Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Resection of small intestine • Small-to-small intestine

anastomosis • Small-to-large intestine

anastomosis • Creation, revision, or closure of

stoma of small intestine • Repair of small intestine

• Metastatic cancers • Patients undergoing a bariatric

(weight loss) procedure

Pancreatitis Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Acute • Chronic • Cyst and pseudocyst of pancreas

• Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Respirator-dependent status • Discharge to hospice



Neurosciences Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Cranial Neurosurgery Primary Procedure Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Intracranial vascular procedures for hemorrhage: o Aneurysm repairs o Clippings o Coilings o Intracranial angioplasties

• Craniotomies • Ventricular shunts

• Head trauma • Patients deceased with a

length of stay <1 day • Discharge to hospice

Stroke Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Subarachnoid hemorrhage • Intracerebral hemorrhage • Intracranial hemorrhage,

unspecified • Occlusion and stenosis of basilar,

carotid, or vertebral artery • Cerebral thrombosis, embolism,

or occlusion

• Hospitals transferring more than 10% of their population

• Subdural bleeds • Extradural bleeds • Patients deceased with a

length of stay <1 day • Patients discharged alive with

a length of stay < 1 day • Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Respirator-dependent status • Discharge to hospice



Orthopedic Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Hip Fracture Treatment Primary Diagnosis and Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) May be treated with total hip replacement Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Closed femur neck fractures • Closed trochanteric and

subtrochanteric fractures • Closed intertrochanteric fractures

• Injuries associated with major trauma

• Open fractures of the femur neck

• Closed fracture of the epiphysis of the neck of the femur

• Femur shaft fractures • Knee replacement during

same hospital stay • Patients discharged alive with


Hip Replacement Primary Procedure and Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Primary hip replacement • Bilateral cases • Partial and total hip resurfacing


• Hip fracture diagnosis • Revisions • Removal of hardware • Knee replacement during the

same stay

Total Knee Replacement Primary Procedure and Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Primary total knee replacement [bicompartmental, tricompartmental, unicompartmental (hemi-joint)]

• Bilateral cases


• Revisions • Removal of hardware • Hip replacement (total or

partial) or hip resurfacing during the same stay

Prostatectomy Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Prostate Removal Surgery Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Radical prostatectomy – suprapubic, retropubic, and perineal approaches

• Local excision of lesion of prostate

• None

Transurethral Prostate Resection Surgery Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Transurethral guided laser induced prostatectomy (TULIP)

• Other transurethral prostatectomies (including TURP)

• None



Pulmonary Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Chronic bronchitis • Simple and obstructive bronchitis

with and without exacerbation • Chronic airway obstruction, not

elsewhere classified • Chronic obstructive asthma • Emphysema • Bronchiectasis

• Respirator-dependent status • Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • Discharge to hospice

Pneumonia Primary Diagnosis Evaluated on mortality rates at two time periods: • In-hospital • Within 30 days of

admission

• Pneumonia o Bacterial o Fungal o Viral o Unspecified organism

• Respirator-dependent status • Metastatic cancers • Heart assist device • SARS-related • Discharge to hospice

Spine Surgery Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Back & Neck Surgeries (Without Spinal Fusion) Primary Procedure and DRG Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Cervical, thoracic, and/or lumbar spine laminectomy, laminoplasty, foraminotomy

• Repair or reduction of vertebral fracture Removal on bony spicules

• Elevation of spinal bone fragments

• Excision or destruction of intervertebral disc

• Removal of herniated nucleus pulposus

• Insertion of motion preservation devices


• Post-laminectomy syndrome: cervical, thoracic, or lumbar

• Patients with secondary bone cancer

Spinal Fusion Primary Procedure and DRG Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Fusion of 2+ cervical vertebral joints

• Fusion of 2-7 thoracic joints • Fusion of 2+ lumbar vertebral

joints • Performed within 3rd cervical

vertebrae to lumbosacral spine • Single incision approach


• C1-C2 fusions • 8+ thoracic joint fusions • Refusions or removal of

previously placed material • Post-laminectomy syndrome:

cervical, thoracic, or lumbar • Insertion of spinal disc

prosthetics • Spinal column malignancies



Vascular Service Line Cohort Inclusions Notable Exclusions Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Excision of aneurysm and resection with anastomosis with and without replacement of the aorta

• Endovascular implantation of a graft in the abdominal aorta

• Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm

• Aortic dissection • During the same stay:

o CABG and/or Valve surgery

o Resection of thoracic vessel

• Combination of stenting/anastomosis procedures

• Incision of vessel for embolectomy or thrombectomy

Carotid Procedures Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Carotid endarterectomy • Carotid stent placement • Percutaneous angioplasty of pre-

cerebral vessels

• Presence of subarachnoid, intracerebral and subdural hemorrhage

• CABG during the same stay • Resection of other peripheral

vessel with anastomosis

Peripheral Vascular Bypass Primary Procedure Evaluated on in-hospital complication rates

• Peripheral vascular shunt or bypass: o Axillary-brachial o Axillary-femoral o Brachial o Femoral-femoral o Femoroperoneal o Femoropopliteal o Femorotibial o Popliteal o Vascular bypass not

otherwise specified

• Revisions • Upper extremity embolism

Appendix B. Coefficient Summary Tables – Mortality Cohorts


Appendix B. Coefficient Summary Table – Mortality Cohorts Bowel Obstruction

In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality

Factor List Coefficient Standard

Error Z-Stat Odds Ratio Coefficient

Standard Error Z-Stat

Odds Ratio

ABDOMINAL ANEURYSM WITHOUT MENTION OF RUPTURE 0.172 0.069 2.510 1.188 0.134 0.053 2.556 1.144

ACIDOSIS 0.518 0.037 13.881 1.678 0.327 0.031 10.686 1.387

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE 0.542 0.119 4.543 1.720 0.496 0.096 5.176 1.643

ACUTE PANCREATITIS 0.344 0.125 2.754 1.410 * * * *

ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE 0.909 0.062 14.564 2.481 0.742 0.053 14.096 2.099

ACUTE VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY OF INTESTINE 0.358 0.054 6.601 1.431 0.282 0.047 5.988 1.325

AdmitSourceXferHospital 0.116 0.044 2.657 1.123 0.217 0.033 6.623 1.243

AdmitSourceXferNonHospital * * * * 0.186 0.072 2.568 1.204

AdmitSourceXferSkilledNursing * * * * 0.243 0.044 5.460 1.274

Age70To74 0.090 0.049 1.851 1.094 0.106 0.037 2.912 1.112

Age75To79 0.348 0.046 7.511 1.416 0.371 0.035 10.657 1.449

Age80To84 0.560 0.045 12.331 1.751 0.562 0.034 16.396 1.754

Age85To89 0.800 0.046 17.549 2.227 0.846 0.034 24.716 2.331

Age90AndOver 1.060 0.047 22.644 2.885 1.197 0.035 34.364 3.312

ALL SENILE DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED 0.113 0.037 3.010 1.119 0.405 0.027 15.074 1.500

ANEMIA OF OTHER CHRONIC DISEASE * * * * 0.157 0.044 3.565 1.170

ANEMIA, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.114 0.027 4.257 1.120

AORTIC VALVE DISORDERS 0.131 0.058 2.251 1.140 0.141 0.044 3.201 1.152

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - INCLUSIVE 0.321 0.026 12.470 1.379 0.296 0.019 15.236 1.345

ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.311 0.077 4.057 1.365 0.127 0.063 2.003 1.135

BODY MASS INDEX LESS THAN 19, ADULT 0.169 0.047 3.577 1.184 0.178 0.037 4.845 1.195

CACHEXIA 0.657 0.065 10.105 1.929 0.616 0.053 11.705 1.852

CHOLECYSTECTOMY 0.803 0.119 6.741 2.233 0.726 0.105 6.919 2.067

CHRONIC AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.335 0.029 11.452 1.398 0.287 0.022 12.970 1.333

CHRONIC DUODENAL ILEUS AND OTHER OBSTRUCTION OF DUODENUM * * * * 0.293 0.089 3.276 1.340

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE III (MODERATE) 0.112 0.036 3.082 1.119 0.075 0.027 2.737 1.077

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE IV (SEVERE) 0.415 0.061 6.758 1.514 0.469 0.046 10.118 1.599

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, UNSPECIFIED 0.235 0.045 5.169 1.265 0.250 0.034 7.368 1.284

CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER WITHOUT MENTION OF ALCOHOL 0.440 0.087 5.034 1.553 0.665 0.063 10.634 1.945

COLONOSCOPY AND FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY 0.218 0.065 3.337 1.244 0.163 0.050 3.248 1.178

COLOSTOMY, NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 0.560 0.069 8.094 1.751 0.432 0.056 7.645 1.540

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, UNSPECIFIED - INCLUSIVE 0.230 0.044 5.241 1.259 0.335 0.032 10.429 1.397

CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE OR UNSPECIFIED CORONARY VESSEL 0.084 0.026 3.185 1.088 0.050 0.020 2.512 1.051

DEMENTIA IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE WITHOUT BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE * * * * 0.407 0.044 9.310 1.502



Bowel Obstruction (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

DEPENDENCE ON SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN 0.260 0.054 4.834 1.297 0.353 0.040 8.786 1.423

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with Ophthalmic/Renal Manifestations, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.110 0.039 2.846 1.117 * * * *

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), without mention of complication, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.051 0.025 2.013 1.052

DILATION OF INTESTINE * * * * 0.243 0.072 3.363 1.275

DO NOT RESUSCITATE STATUS 0.475 0.031 15.235 1.608 0.658 0.023 28.380 1.931

END STAGE RENAL DISEASE 1.271 0.070 18.045 3.563 1.277 0.054 23.808 3.587

Endoscopic insertion of colonic stent(s) -0.834 0.281 -2.972 0.434 * * * *

EXPLORATORY LAPAROTOMY 0.842 0.068 12.368 2.320 0.574 0.061 9.424 1.776

GASTROSTOMY STATUS * * * * 0.264 0.076 3.465 1.302

HD114_CVG CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE 0.411 0.066 6.197 1.508 0.284 0.052 5.417 1.328

HD115_CVG PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 0.281 0.048 5.860 1.325 0.228 0.038 6.026 1.256

HD116_CVG CARDIOMYOPATHY 0.397 0.054 7.290 1.487 0.314 0.043 7.312 1.369

HD119_CVG CHRONIC BRONCHITIS 0.568 0.063 9.033 1.765 0.509 0.049 10.291 1.664

HD127_CVG MALNUTRITION 0.407 0.032 12.757 1.502 0.456 0.025 18.198 1.577

HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.918 0.075 12.171 2.505 0.868 0.064 13.578 2.381

HD146_CVG ACUTE RENAL FAILURE 0.319 0.029 11.060 1.376 0.252 0.022 11.360 1.287

HD150_CVG OTHER/UNSPEC PERIPH VASC DISEASE 0.169 0.048 3.506 1.184 0.207 0.036 5.756 1.230

HD151_CVG ENCEPHALOPATHY 0.419 0.061 6.924 1.521 0.477 0.047 10.175 1.611

HD152_CVG HYPOTENSION, UNSP OR NEC 0.352 0.061 5.820 1.422 0.372 0.048 7.819 1.450

HD154_CVG DEHYDRATION 0.121 0.029 4.196 1.129 0.110 0.022 5.007 1.116

HD170_CVG ACUTE SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.633 0.103 6.137 1.883 0.619 0.085 7.314 1.858

HD171_CVG CHRONIC SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.131 0.062 2.111 1.140 0.255 0.047 5.449 1.291

HD172_CVG ACUTE DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.428 0.086 4.971 1.534 0.422 0.068 6.186 1.526

HD173_CVG CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.201 0.044 4.557 1.222 0.163 0.034 4.780 1.177

HD174_CVG ACUTE COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.466 0.120 3.883 1.593

HEMORRHAGE OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, UNSPECIFIED 0.456 0.093 4.919 1.578 0.375 0.073 5.155 1.456

HP179_CVG Other Colon Procedures 0.295 0.080 3.702 1.343 0.326 0.061 5.321 1.386

HYDRONEPHROSIS * * * * 0.283 0.060 4.738 1.327

HYPEROSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPERNATREMIA 0.196 0.056 3.487 1.217 0.320 0.043 7.439 1.377

HYPERPOTASSEMIA 0.431 0.052 8.264 1.540 0.326 0.042 7.809 1.385

HYPOSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPONATREMIA 0.190 0.036 5.326 1.210 0.215 0.027 7.917 1.240

INTESTINAL INFECTION DUE TO CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE * * * * 0.260 0.079 3.307 1.297

INTESTINAL OR PERITONEAL ADHESIONS WITH OBSTRUCTION (POSTOPERATIVE) (POSTINFECTION) * * * * -0.257 0.028 -9.195 0.773

INTUSSUSCEPTION * * * * -0.330 0.129 -2.568 0.719

Laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia with graft or prosthesis, not otherwise specified -0.468 0.227 -2.056 0.627 -0.483 0.154 -3.141 0.617



Bowel Obstruction (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

LYSIS OF PERITONEAL ADHESIONS 0.597 0.028 21.419 1.817 0.349 0.027 13.005 1.418

OBESITY HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME 0.777 0.150 5.172 2.176 0.541 0.127 4.263 1.718

OPEN AND OTHER CECECTOMY 0.403 0.129 3.126 1.496 0.333 0.110 3.028 1.395

OPEN AND OTHER RIGHT HEMICOLECTOMY 1.067 0.065 16.307 2.907 0.752 0.055 13.586 2.121

OPEN AND OTHER SIGMOIDECTOMY 0.634 0.085 7.459 1.885 0.252 0.071 3.573 1.287

Other and open repair of direct inguinal hernia with graft or prosthesis * * * * -0.253 0.057 -4.409 0.776

Other and open repair of other hernia of anterior abdominal wall with graft or prosthesis 0.239 0.057 4.199 1.269 * * * *

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED VENTRAL HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION 0.144 0.058 2.480 1.154 * * * *

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.371 0.091 4.087 1.449 0.364 0.070 5.223 1.439

OTHER ENDOSCOPY OF SMALL INTESTINE 0.459 0.074 6.179 1.582 0.249 0.062 4.054 1.283

OTHER GASTROENTEROSTOMY WITHOUT GASTRECTOMY 0.723 0.203 3.569 2.060 * * * *

OTHER LAPAROSCOPIC REPAIR OF OTHER HERNIA OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL WITH GRAFT OR PROSTHESIS * * * * -0.361 0.100 -3.625 0.697

OTHER PARTIAL RESECTION OF SMALL INTESTINE 0.755 0.034 22.094 2.128 0.530 0.029 18.088 1.698

OTHER SPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION 0.195 0.041 4.753 1.215 0.134 0.033 4.095 1.144

PARALYSIS AGITANS * * * * 0.138 0.051 2.721 1.148

PARALYTIC ILEUS * * * * 0.149 0.028 5.335 1.160

PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA 0.311 0.116 2.687 1.364 0.262 0.092 2.835 1.300

PERFORATION OF INTESTINE 1.036 0.067 15.470 2.817 0.899 0.060 14.899 2.458

POSTINFLAMMATORY PULMONARY FIBROSIS 0.301 0.116 2.592 1.351 0.406 0.085 4.787 1.501

Pressure Ulcer Stage III 0.363 0.141 2.567 1.437 0.280 0.111 2.523 1.323

Pressure Ulcer Stage IV * * * * 0.492 0.134 3.684 1.636

Pressure Ulcer Unstageable * * * * 0.546 0.130 4.185 1.726

PrimaryFacilityPresentOnAdmissionKnownPercent 1.566 0.187 8.361 4.788 0.833 0.131 6.376 2.300

Repair of other hernia of anterior abdominal wall 0.170 0.046 3.661 1.185 * * * *

SexFemale -0.208 0.024 -8.724 0.812 -0.185 0.018 -10.279 0.831

SLDV667_CVG PALLIATIVE CARE RISK REGARDLESS OF POA 3.812 0.029 131.194 45.226 3.355 0.027 125.583 28.642

TACHYCARDIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.185 0.090 2.044 1.203 0.182 0.070 2.616 1.200

THROMBOCYTOPENIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.226 0.057 3.959 1.254 0.143 0.045 3.196 1.154

UNILATERAL OR UNSPECIFIED FEMORAL HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION (NOT SPECIFIED AS RECURRENT) * * * * -0.218 0.078 -2.801 0.804

UNSPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION * * * * -0.098 0.023 -4.270 0.907

UNSPECIFIED PLEURAL EFFUSION 0.480 0.059 8.101 1.616 0.573 0.046 12.560 1.773

UNSPECIFIED VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY OF INTESTINE 0.492 0.053 9.208 1.636 0.413 0.046 8.964 1.512

VOLVULUS 0.123 0.046 2.640 1.131 * * * *



Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ABDOMINAL ANEURYSM WITHOUT MENTION OF RUPTURE * * * * 0.078 0.036 2.147 1.081

ACIDOSIS 0.630 0.029 21.857 1.878 0.350 0.019 18.591 1.420

ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE 0.671 0.022 30.104 1.956 0.467 0.013 35.733 1.596




AdmitSourceXferNonHospital 0.229 0.093 2.464 1.258 0.233 0.054 4.359 1.263

AdmitSourceXferSkilledNursing 0.296 0.049 6.039 1.344 0.452 0.028 16.161 1.571

ADULT FAILURE TO THRIVE 0.370 0.054 6.821 1.448 0.541 0.032 16.657 1.718

Age70To74 0.176 0.033 5.396 1.193 0.174 0.019 9.426 1.191

Age75To79 0.272 0.032 8.395 1.312 0.340 0.018 18.641 1.405

Age80To84 0.363 0.033 10.873 1.437 0.478 0.019 25.445 1.613

Age85To89 0.319 0.036 8.786 1.376 0.592 0.020 29.467 1.808

Age90AndOver 0.322 0.041 7.894 1.379 0.769 0.022 34.716 2.158

ALKALOSIS * * * * 0.159 0.043 3.729 1.172

ALL SENILE DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED * * * * 0.176 0.019 9.401 1.192

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE * * * * 0.157 0.033 4.710 1.171


ANEMIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.057 0.028 2.021 1.059 0.167 0.016 10.736 1.182

ANXIETY STATE, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.052 0.014 3.754 1.054

AORTIC VALVE DISORDERS * * * * 0.076 0.027 2.822 1.079

ASBESTOSIS * * * * 0.243 0.080 3.045 1.275


ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.329 0.056 5.866 1.389 0.176 0.034 5.130 1.193

BODY MASS INDEX LESS THAN 19, ADULT * * * * 0.128 0.025 5.088 1.137

BRONCHIECTASIS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION -0.206 0.071 -2.927 0.813 -0.309 0.040 -7.639 0.734

BRONCHOPNEUMONIA, ORGANISM UNSPECIFIED 0.493 0.144 3.420 1.638 * * * *

CACHEXIA 0.521 0.044 11.772 1.684 0.486 0.029 16.657 1.626

CANDIDIASIS OF MOUTH * * * * 0.344 0.043 8.052 1.410






DEPENDENCE ON SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN * * * * 0.175 0.011 15.180 1.191








Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

HD142_CVG SEPSIS 1.451 0.084 17.177 4.269 0.874 0.066 13.333 2.396


HD148_CVG DIAB W UNSPECIFIED MANIFESTATIONS * * * * 0.104 0.043 2.414 1.110




HD154_CVG DEHYDRATION * * * * 0.093 0.019 4.984 1.097

HD155_CVG CHRONIC ANEMIA * * * * 0.048 0.022 2.235 1.049

HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA * * * * 0.255 0.024 10.795 1.291

HD158_CVG PNEUMONIA Bacterial and Unspecified 0.440 0.020 22.311 1.552 0.195 0.011 17.480 1.216


HD171_CVG CHRONIC SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.115 0.027 4.205 1.122


HD174_CVG ACUTE COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.497 0.064 7.809 1.644 0.442 0.039 11.471 1.556

HD175_CVG CHRONIC COMBINED DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.103 0.041 2.534 1.109





LOSS OF WEIGHT * * * * 0.149 0.053 2.805 1.161

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BRONCHUS AND LUNG, UNSPECIFIED 0.450 0.056 7.965 1.568 0.963 0.030 32.355 2.618

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF UPPER LOBE, BRONCHUS OR LUNG 0.285 0.094 3.015 1.330 0.715 0.051 14.025 2.044

METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE AND OF UNSPECIFIED SITE 0.327 0.133 2.448 1.386 0.304 0.076 4.011 1.356

METHICILLIN SUSCEPTIBLE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE AND OF UNSPECIFIED SITE - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.359 0.113 3.175 1.431

OTHER CONVULSIONS 0.565 0.131 4.314 1.760 0.236 0.085 2.766 1.266

OTHER DYSPNEA AND RESPIRATORY ABNORMALITY * * * * 0.167 0.046 3.641 1.182

OTHER MALAISE AND FATIGUE * * * * 0.212 0.023 9.193 1.237

OTHER PULMONARY INSUFFICIENCY, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.581 0.103 5.664 1.787 0.232 0.061 3.816 1.261

PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA * * * * 0.155 0.039 3.995 1.167

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAE 0.246 0.089 2.748 1.278 0.449 0.048 9.328 1.567

PERSONAL HISTORY OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BRONCHUS AND LUNG * * * * 0.163 0.026 6.235 1.177


Pressure Ulcer Stage III * * * * 0.608 0.076 8.010 1.837

Pressure Ulcer Unstageable 0.606 0.151 4.016 1.833 0.743 0.086 8.611 2.103



Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

SexFemale -0.175 0.019 -9.151 0.839 -0.292 0.011 -27.255 0.747




UNSPECIFIED DISORDER OF KIDNEY AND URETER - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.154 0.048 3.231 1.166


UNSPECIFIED SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.161 0.070 2.302 1.175

URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED * * * * 0.126 0.021 6.086 1.134

Viral Pneumonia 0.584 0.151 3.867 1.793 * * * *



Colorectal Surgeries In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


ACIDOSIS 0.658 0.032 20.386 1.932 0.574 0.029 19.863 1.775


ACUTE AND SUBACUTE NECROSIS OF LIVER 1.094 0.104 10.528 2.986 1.119 0.105 10.664 3.062

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL OR SUBSEQUENT EPISODE OF CARE 0.422 0.095 4.459 1.525 0.392 0.084 4.638 1.480

ACUTE PANCREATITIS 0.712 0.147 4.836 2.038 0.531 0.135 3.943 1.701






ADULT FAILURE TO THRIVE * * * * 0.427 0.075 5.682 1.532

Age70To74 0.241 0.039 6.227 1.273 0.243 0.033 7.321 1.275

Age75To79 0.399 0.038 10.373 1.491 0.473 0.033 14.494 1.605

Age80To84 0.594 0.040 15.026 1.811 0.720 0.033 21.544 2.054

Age85To89 0.788 0.042 18.800 2.199 1.004 0.035 28.547 2.729

Age90AndOver 0.915 0.049 18.613 2.498 1.331 0.040 33.353 3.784

ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER 0.682 0.190 3.588 1.977 0.538 0.162 3.324 1.713



ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.203 0.077 2.639 1.225 * * * *


CACHEXIA 0.548 0.080 6.805 1.729 0.625 0.070 8.944 1.868


CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE III (MODERATE) * * * * 0.158 0.031 5.130 1.171


CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.160 0.040 4.013 1.173

CHRONIC VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY OF INTESTINE 0.535 0.080 6.707 1.707 0.493 0.073 6.746 1.637


CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, UNSPECIFIED - INCLUSIVE [DX7937 / RISK] 0.269 0.044 6.114 1.308 0.333 0.037 9.013 1.395


DEFIBRINATION SYNDROME 1.518 0.138 10.973 4.562 1.364 0.141 9.653 3.913



EPILEPSY, UNSPECIFIED, WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY 0.253 0.080 3.174 1.287 0.166 0.067 2.468 1.180

FECAL IMPACTION 0.459 0.083 5.515 1.583 0.402 0.072 5.582 1.494



Colorectal Surgeries (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

GLUCOCORTICOID DEFICIENCY 0.501 0.099 5.047 1.651 0.539 0.089 6.049 1.714

HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE 0.247 0.095 2.606 1.281 * * * *

hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF 0.245 0.045 5.411 1.277 0.133 0.042 3.208 1.143





HD127_CVG MALNUTRITION * * * * 0.184 0.026 7.046 1.202

HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.315 0.059 5.290 1.370 0.337 0.054 6.290 1.401



HD151_CVG ENCEPHALOPATHY * * * * 0.215 0.043 5.032 1.240




HD170_CVG ACUTE SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.294 0.080 3.687 1.342


HD172_CVG ACUTE DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.242 0.062 3.900 1.273

HD173_CVG CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.121 0.039 3.074 1.128

HD176_CVG BODY MASS INDEX 40 AND OVER 0.134 0.045 2.985 1.143 0.146 0.038 3.844 1.158

HP130_CVG Resection or Removal of Small Intestine 0.510 0.034 14.847 1.666 0.417 0.031 13.483 1.517

HP133_CVG Ileostomies 0.533 0.032 16.770 1.703 0.501 0.028 17.694 1.650

HP134_CVG Other Enterostomies 0.592 0.162 3.649 1.807 0.596 0.150 3.964 1.815

HP174_CVG Anal-Rectal Procedures w/o COB -0.137 0.047 -2.891 0.872 -0.097 0.038 -2.591 0.907

HP175_CVG Colon Resection and Anastomosis - Low Mortality * * * * -0.213 0.040 -5.315 0.808

HP176_CVG Colon Resection and Anastomosis and Large-to-Large Anastomosis - Moderate Mortality 0.679 0.028 23.863 1.973 0.416 0.029 14.170 1.516

HP177_CVG Colon Resection Anastomosis – High Mortality 0.427 0.028 15.034 1.533 0.219 0.028 7.751 1.245

HP179_CVG Other Colon Procedures 0.116 0.045 2.587 1.123 0.147 0.037 3.945 1.158

HP180_CVG Other Rectal Procedures -0.502 0.068 -7.359 0.606 -0.220 0.047 -4.652 0.803

HP181_CVG Rectal Resection and Anastomosis -0.151 0.072 -2.094 0.860 -0.136 0.057 -2.374 0.873

HP183_CVG Stoma 0.407 0.078 5.193 1.502 0.376 0.069 5.423 1.456


INTESTINAL INFECTION DUE TO CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE 0.396 0.061 6.545 1.486 0.356 0.056 6.418 1.428

LAPAROSCOPIC ROBOTIC ASSISTED PROCEDURE -0.322 0.083 -3.878 0.724 -0.273 0.065 -4.210 0.761




Colorectal Surgeries (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

MEGACOLON, OTHER THAN HIRSCHSPRUNG'S 0.246 0.089 2.773 1.279 0.235 0.078 3.030 1.265

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED COAGULATION DEFECTS 0.700 0.072 9.757 2.014 0.562 0.065 8.595 1.755

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED VENTRAL HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION * * * * 0.274 0.130 2.110 1.315

OTHER ASCITES 0.246 0.053 4.650 1.278 0.268 0.047 5.679 1.307

OTHER DISORDERS OF PLASMA PROTEIN METABOLISM * * * * 0.289 0.068 4.229 1.336

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.192 0.095 2.012 1.212 0.279 0.078 3.566 1.322

OTHER LAPAROTOMY 0.516 0.068 7.563 1.676 0.445 0.062 7.138 1.561

OTHER SHOCK WITHOUT MENTION OF TRAUMA 0.322 0.089 3.621 1.380 0.306 0.078 3.926 1.359

OTHER SPECIFIED DISORDERS OF PERITONEUM * * * * 0.174 0.074 2.352 1.191

OTHER SPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION 0.167 0.055 3.021 1.182 0.137 0.047 2.883 1.147

OTHER SPECIFIED PERITONITIS 0.179 0.073 2.453 1.196 0.236 0.067 3.506 1.266

P4674_CVG Closure of Fistula of Small Intestine, Except Duodenum 0.394 0.094 4.188 1.483 0.285 0.085 3.345 1.330

PANCYTOPENIA 0.378 0.098 3.872 1.459 0.482 0.082 5.873 1.619





SEPTIC SHOCK 1.213 0.036 33.885 3.365 1.085 0.033 32.725 2.959

SexFemale -0.139 0.023 -6.007 0.870 -0.208 0.019 -10.771 0.813



ULCERATIVE COLITIS, UNSPECIFIED 0.318 0.101 3.153 1.375 * * * *

UNSPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION 0.376 0.051 7.409 1.456 0.335 0.044 7.589 1.399

UNSPECIFIED PERITONITIS 0.228 0.052 4.391 1.256 0.168 0.048 3.495 1.183


URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED 0.098 0.038 2.552 1.103 0.196 0.032 6.182 1.217

VOLVULUS 0.185 0.047 3.972 1.203 0.272 0.039 7.056 1.312



Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF TWO CORONARY ARTERIES -0.098 0.033 -2.947 0.907 -0.075 0.029 -2.620 0.928



ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.213 0.061 3.478 1.237

ADHESIVE PERICARDITIS 0.623 0.143 4.350 1.865 0.501 0.131 3.833 1.651



Age70To74 0.303 0.047 6.415 1.353 0.271 0.041 6.654 1.311

Age75To79 0.528 0.048 10.940 1.695 0.506 0.042 12.157 1.658

Age80To84 0.880 0.052 16.808 2.410 0.895 0.045 19.929 2.448

Age85To89 1.177 0.070 16.835 3.246 1.181 0.060 19.555 3.258

Age90AndOver 1.361 0.173 7.865 3.900 1.470 0.146 10.084 4.350


ANOXIC BRAIN DAMAGE 0.954 0.230 4.139 2.595 1.046 0.206 5.089 2.846

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION * * * * 0.379 0.168 2.253 1.461

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES, UNSPECIFIED 0.625 0.126 4.964 1.869 0.556 0.113 4.916 1.744


AUTOMATIC IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC DEFIBRILLATOR IN SITU * * * * 0.264 0.122 2.165 1.302

CARDIAC ARREST 0.719 0.139 5.185 2.052 0.693 0.127 5.476 2.000

CARDIOGENIC SHOCK 0.386 0.064 6.050 1.471 0.343 0.060 5.701 1.410





DIABETES MELLITUS WITHOUT MENTION OF COMPLICATION, TYPE I [JUVENILE TYPE], NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED 0.874 0.324 2.700 2.398 0.711 0.298 2.386 2.035


EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF OTHER LESION OR TISSUE OF HEART, OPEN APPROACH - INCLUSIVE 0.421 0.100 4.226 1.524 0.342 0.087 3.931 1.407

HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE * * * * 0.250 0.103 2.415 1.284





HD144_CVG ANTERIOR/LATERAL WALL AMI 0.358 0.062 5.792 1.431 0.345 0.057 6.108 1.412

HD146_CVG ACUTE RENAL FAILURE 0.197 0.051 3.902 1.218 * * * *




Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

HD152_CVG HYPOTENSION, UNSP OR NEC * * * * 0.205 0.094 2.189 1.228




IMPLANT OF PULSATION BALLOON 1.751 0.036 48.361 5.762 1.515 0.033 46.156 4.549

INSERTION OF PERCUTANEOUS EXTERNAL HEART ASSIST DEVICE 2.972 0.102 29.069 19.527 2.703 0.100 27.138 14.920

MULTIPLE CORONARY TO MAMMARY OR THORACIC ARTERY BYPASS -0.541 0.090 -6.046 0.582 -0.551 0.079 -6.994 0.577


OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.468 0.115 4.073 1.596 0.442 0.099 4.462 1.556


PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY [PTCA] - BYP-VLV Specific 0.352 0.077 4.599 1.422 0.403 0.069 5.859 1.497

SexFemale 0.469 0.033 14.209 1.599 0.390 0.029 13.502 1.476

SINGLE CORONARY TO MAMMARY OR THORACIC ARTERY BYPASS -0.612 0.049 -12.551 0.542 -0.565 0.043 -13.004 0.568

UNSPECIFIED DISEASE OF PERICARDIUM 0.302 0.122 2.483 1.353 * * * *



Coronary Interventional Procedures In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.937 0.027 34.256 2.552 0.793 0.023 33.757 2.210



AdmitSourceXferHospital * * * * 0.056 0.018 3.067 1.058


Age70To74 0.242 0.031 7.875 1.274 0.194 0.024 8.038 1.214

Age75To79 0.512 0.031 16.719 1.668 0.466 0.024 19.416 1.593

Age80To84 0.749 0.031 23.948 2.115 0.732 0.024 30.033 2.080

Age85To89 1.003 0.034 29.943 2.727 1.036 0.026 39.924 2.819

Age90AndOver 1.335 0.040 33.491 3.800 1.422 0.031 46.148 4.145

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 0.510 0.069 7.352 1.666 0.654 0.053 12.415 1.923





ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK, COMPLETE 0.350 0.053 6.616 1.418 0.297 0.046 6.438 1.346

CARDIAC ARREST 1.327 0.041 32.560 3.771 1.193 0.037 31.990 3.297






CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.231 0.028 8.163 1.260 0.172 0.023 7.622 1.188


Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with neurological manifestations/peripheral circulatory disorders, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.102 0.034 2.976 1.107 0.138 0.026 5.361 1.148

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with Ophthalmic/Renal Manifestations, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.091 0.025 3.657 1.095 0.097 0.020 4.895 1.102

Diabetes with neurological manifestations, type I [juvenile type], not stated as uncontrolled OR uncontrolled_RA 0.482 0.174 2.772 1.619 0.483 0.135 3.591 1.622

DISSECTION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.436 0.117 3.712 1.546 0.323 0.099 3.271 1.382


HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE 0.274 0.065 4.179 1.315 0.238 0.050 4.783 1.269

HD114_CVG CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE * * * * 0.042 0.018 2.365 1.043


HD116_CVG CARDIOMYOPATHY * * * * 0.160 0.027 5.845 1.174




Coronary Interventional Procedures (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


HD143_CVG INFERIOR WALL AMI 0.943 0.029 32.189 2.568 0.827 0.023 35.443 2.287











HYPOTHERMIA (CENTRAL) (LOCAL) 1.316 0.103 12.724 3.729 1.270 0.101 12.619 3.560



OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.299 0.083 3.595 1.349 0.360 0.063 5.750 1.433

PARALYSIS AGITANS 0.309 0.073 4.216 1.362 0.340 0.056 6.102 1.405

PCI - Drug-Eluting Stent - Four or More Arteries -0.346 0.096 -3.617 0.708 -0.252 0.075 -3.382 0.777

PCI - Drug-Eluting Stent - One Artery -0.618 0.023 -27.086 0.539 -0.587 0.018 -32.690 0.556

PCI - Drug-Eluting Stent - Three Arteries -0.477 0.054 -8.866 0.620 -0.426 0.042 -10.206 0.653

PCI - Drug-Eluting Stent - Two Arteries -0.562 0.030 -18.580 0.570 -0.515 0.023 -21.929 0.598

PCI - No Stent - All Arteries 0.337 0.025 13.492 1.401 0.245 0.020 12.240 1.277



Procedure On Non Coronary Vessel 0.906 0.067 13.519 2.475 0.736 0.056 13.165 2.087

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.109 0.048 2.264 1.115

RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 0.142 0.050 2.859 1.152 0.087 0.039 2.231 1.091

SEPTIC SHOCK 0.958 0.061 15.830 2.606 0.818 0.054 15.025 2.266

SexFemale 0.210 0.019 11.312 1.234 0.111 0.014 7.696 1.118


VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION 0.229 0.042 5.472 1.257 0.197 0.038 5.170 1.218



Cranial Neurosurgery (formerly Neurosurgery)

In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.494 0.065 7.651 1.639 0.401 0.057 7.062 1.493


AdmitSourceXferHospital -0.130 0.033 -3.970 0.878 * * * *


Age70To74 0.050 0.044 1.121 1.051 0.058 0.036 1.610 1.060

Age75To79 0.204 0.045 4.553 1.227 0.271 0.036 7.492 1.312

Age80To84 0.296 0.048 6.184 1.344 0.444 0.039 11.523 1.559

Age85To89 0.469 0.053 8.868 1.598 0.705 0.043 16.559 2.024

Age90AndOver 0.497 0.066 7.498 1.644 0.983 0.052 18.763 2.671




CEREBRAL EDEMA - NON TRAUMATIC 0.111 0.036 3.076 1.118 0.086 0.029 2.996 1.089

CEREBRAL EMBOLISM WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION 0.384 0.126 3.051 1.467 0.328 0.110 2.993 1.389

CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE 0.301 0.058 5.195 1.352 0.234 0.048 4.911 1.264


CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE III (MODERATE) 0.157 0.055 2.870 1.170 0.144 0.044 3.287 1.155



CLIPPING OF ANEURYSM -0.401 0.133 -3.010 0.669 -0.437 0.117 -3.751 0.646

COMA 0.934 0.050 18.616 2.545 0.806 0.045 17.734 2.240

COMPRESSION OF BRAIN 0.182 0.037 4.869 1.199 0.090 0.030 3.040 1.094



DECOMPRESSION OF TRIGEMINAL NERVE ROOT -2.253 0.521 -4.328 0.105 -1.926 0.328 -5.864 0.146

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with Ophthalmic/Renal Manifestations, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.256 0.043 5.942 1.292 0.230 0.035 6.480 1.259

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), without mention of complication, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.201 0.040 5.056 1.222 0.195 0.032 6.138 1.215


ENDOVASCULAR REMOVAL OF OBSTRUCTION FROM HEAD AND NECK VESSEL(S) 0.243 0.066 3.658 1.275 0.330 0.056 5.940 1.391

EXCISION OF ACOUSTIC NEUROMA * * * * -0.585 0.289 -2.027 0.557

EXCISION OF LESION OR TISSUE OF CEREBRAL MENINGES -0.650 0.098 -6.605 0.522 -0.551 0.072 -7.611 0.577

FORMATION OF CRANIAL BONE FLAP * * * * -0.442 0.139 -3.190 0.643


HD117_CVG NARROWING OF PRECEREBRAL ARTERY 0.237 0.059 4.052 1.267 0.147 0.049 3.016 1.159




Cranial Neurosurgery (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


HD150_CVG OTHER/UNSPEC PERIPH VASC DISEASE * * * * 0.228 0.054 4.199 1.256





HD174_CVG ACUTE COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.470 0.200 2.356 1.601 * * * *

HEART VALVE REPLACED BY OTHER MEANS 0.293 0.096 3.065 1.341 0.213 0.079 2.705 1.237


IMPLANTATION OR REPLACEMENT OF INTRACRANIAL NEUROSTIMULATOR LEAD(S) -1.780 0.347 -5.137 0.169 -1.797 0.256 -7.007 0.166

INCISION OF CEREBRAL MENINGES 0.207 0.041 5.009 1.230 * * * *

INFARCTION OF A CEREBRAL ARTERY - INCLUSIVE 0.619 0.066 9.445 1.857 0.356 0.056 6.333 1.428

INFUSION OF VASOPRESSOR AGENT 1.234 0.072 17.167 3.436 0.927 0.066 14.066 2.528

INSERTION OF SKULL PLATE -0.406 0.115 -3.524 0.666 -0.398 0.087 -4.580 0.671

INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE 0.377 0.043 8.794 1.457 0.357 0.037 9.763 1.429

INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE MONITORING 0.248 0.104 2.385 1.281 0.272 0.092 2.951 1.312

INTRACRANIAL VENTRICULAR SHUNT OR ANASTOMOSIS 1.306 0.172 7.593 3.692 1.040 0.150 6.918 2.828

LONG-TERM (CURRENT) USE OF ANTICOAGULANTS * * * * 0.078 0.036 2.159 1.081

Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified site * * * * 0.424 0.093 4.555 1.528

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BRONCHUS AND LUNG, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.453 0.074 6.103 1.573

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF LIVER, SPECIFIED AS SECONDARY * * * * 0.359 0.106 3.394 1.433

Malignant neoplasm of other parts of brain * * * * 0.468 0.191 2.448 1.596

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF PROSTATE 0.475 0.137 3.472 1.608 0.287 0.112 2.567 1.333

OPEN BIOPSY OF BRAIN -0.671 0.076 -8.855 0.511 * * * *


OTHER CRANIAL OSTEOPLASTY * * * * -0.549 0.189 -2.901 0.577

OTHER ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURE ON OTHER VESSELS 0.484 0.120 4.017 1.622 0.355 0.104 3.426 1.426

OTHER EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF LESION OR TISSUE OF BRAIN -0.772 0.057 -13.557 0.462 -0.326 0.039 -8.296 0.721

OTHER INCISION OF BRAIN 0.383 0.056 6.881 1.467 0.245 0.047 5.242 1.278

OTHER MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS, UNSPECIFIED SITE, EXTRANODAL AND SOLID ORGAN SITES - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.454 0.158 2.863 1.574

Other malignant neoplasm of unspecified site * * * * 0.669 0.156 4.290 1.953

PERCUTANEOUS ANGIOPLASTY OF EXTRACRANIAL VESSEL(S) 0.282 0.133 2.125 1.325 * * * *

PERSONAL HISTORY OF TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK (TIA), AND CEREBRAL INFARCTION WITHOUT RESIDUAL DEFICITS 0.106 0.047 2.244 1.112 0.126 0.037 3.388 1.135



Cranial Neurosurgery (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

PERSONAL HISTORY OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM * * * * 0.152 0.060 2.514 1.164

PNEUMONITIS DUE TO INHALATION OF FOOD OR VOMITUS 0.256 0.074 3.450 1.292 0.347 0.066 5.238 1.414

PrimaryFacilityPresentOnAdmissionKnownPercent 1.383 0.368 3.763 3.988 * * * *

REMOVAL OR REPLACEMENT OF VENTRICULAR SHUNT -0.430 0.130 -3.313 0.650 -0.447 0.104 -4.294 0.639

REOPENING OR OTHER CRANIOTOMY SITE -0.610 0.073 -8.373 0.543 -0.474 0.053 -8.959 0.622

SECONDARY MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BONE AND BONE MARROW * * * * 0.423 0.085 4.988 1.526

SECONDARY MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF OTHER PARTS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM * * * * 0.660 0.137 4.835 1.935

SexFemale -0.150 0.030 -5.060 0.860 -0.216 0.024 -9.113 0.806

SIMPLE SUTURE OF DURA MATER OF BRAIN 0.341 0.158 2.152 1.406 0.327 0.128 2.565 1.387


STATUS POST ADMINISTRATION OF TPA (RTPA) IN A DIFFERENT FACILITY WITHIN THE LAST 24 HOURS PRIOR TO ADMISSION TO CURRENT FACILITY 0.184 0.070 2.627 1.202 * * * *

SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE 0.484 0.050 9.687 1.623 0.329 0.044 7.464 1.390


UNSPECIFIED CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE 0.406 0.089 4.580 1.501 0.241 0.078 3.088 1.272

UNSPECIFIED HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING DOMINANT SIDE * * * * 0.092 0.033 2.805 1.096

UNSPECIFIED INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE 0.821 0.116 7.087 2.273 0.774 0.100 7.724 2.169

VENTRICULAR SHUNT TO ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND ORGANS -1.910 0.094 -20.420 0.148 -1.203 0.062 -19.543 0.300

VENTRICULOSTOMY 1.345 0.043 31.641 3.839 0.978 0.036 27.361 2.658



Diabetic Emergencies In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.527 0.064 8.186 1.694 0.261 0.042 6.280 1.299

ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.310 0.099 3.127 1.363



AdmitSourceXferHospital * * * * 0.135 0.055 2.438 1.145



Age70To74 0.091 0.068 1.340 1.096 0.096 0.041 2.376 1.101

Age75To79 0.290 0.069 4.222 1.336 0.372 0.040 9.292 1.450

Age80To84 0.295 0.073 4.050 1.343 0.566 0.041 13.757 1.762

Age85To89 0.437 0.078 5.597 1.549 0.773 0.044 17.603 2.165

Age90AndOver 0.489 0.090 5.431 1.631 1.013 0.049 20.599 2.754


ANEMIA IN NEOPLASTIC DISEASE * * * * 0.572 0.232 2.461 1.772


ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH GANGRENE 0.567 0.162 3.504 1.762 * * * *


CACHEXIA 0.593 0.130 4.572 1.809 0.479 0.084 5.718 1.615

CARDIAC ARREST 3.479 0.154 22.535 32.437 2.792 0.144 19.342 16.306

CHRONIC AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED * * * * 0.107 0.032 3.327 1.113

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE IV (SEVERE) * * * * 0.213 0.044 4.874 1.237

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE V * * * * 0.487 0.116 4.189 1.627

CHRONIC LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA, WITHOUT MENTION OF HAVING ACHIEVED REMISSION 0.817 0.274 2.987 2.264 * * * *

CHRONIC ULCER OF OTHER SPECIFIED SITES * * * * 0.352 0.142 2.475 1.422


COMA 0.769 0.246 3.120 2.158 0.409 0.196 2.091 1.505

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, UNSPECIFIED - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.329 0.037 8.765 1.389

DEMENTIA IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE WITH BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE * * * * 0.352 0.126 2.796 1.421



Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with other coma, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 1.415 0.093 15.135 4.117 0.676 0.103 6.561 1.965

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with other specified manifestations/ketoacidosis, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * -0.258 0.085 -3.056 0.772

DIABETES MELLITUS WITHOUT MENTION OF COMPLICATION, TYPE I [JUVENILE TYPE], UNCONTROLLED_RA -0.853 0.290 -2.942 0.426 -0.243 0.115 -2.112 0.784



Diabetic Emergencies (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

DIABETES WITH COMA, TYPE l (JUVENILE TYPE), NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED 0.952 0.232 4.101 2.590 * * * *

DIABETES WITH HYPEROSMOLARITY, TYPE II OR UNSPECIFIED TYPE, NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED * * * * -0.390 0.090 -4.326 0.677

DIABETES WITH HYPEROSMOLARITY, TYPE l (JUVENILE TYPE), UNCONTROLLED 1.038 0.527 1.970 2.822 * * * *

DIABETES WITH HYPEROSMOLARITY, TYPE ll OR UNSPECIFIED TYPE, UNCONTROLLED -0.492 0.136 -3.618 0.611 -0.346 0.090 -3.849 0.708

DIABETES WITH KETOACIDOSIS, TYPE I [JUVENILE TYPE], NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED -0.246 0.122 -2.025 0.782 -0.347 0.099 -3.510 0.707

Diabetes with ketoacidosis, type I [juvenile type], uncontrolled 1.056 0.485 2.177 2.876 * * * *

DIABETES WITH OTHER SPECIFIED MANIFESTATIONS , TYPE l (JUVENILE TYPE) , NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED * * * * -0.213 0.103 -2.068 0.808

DIVERTICULITIS OF COLON (WITHOUT MENTION OF HEMORRHAGE) 0.927 0.343 2.707 2.528 * * * *



ENTERAL INFUSION OF CONCENTRATED NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES 1.226 0.191 6.429 3.408 0.892 0.149 5.980 2.440

GANGRENE 0.432 0.135 3.214 1.541 0.222 0.082 2.710 1.249


hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF 0.371 0.060 6.132 1.449 * * * *






HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.628 0.139 4.524 1.873 0.339 0.096 3.512 1.403





HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA * * * * 0.219 0.052 4.201 1.244







HD176_CVG BODY MASS INDEX 40 AND OVER 0.171 0.072 2.378 1.186 * * * *







Odds Ratio



HYPERTENSIVE HEART AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, MALIGNANT, WITH HEART FAILURE AND WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE V OR END STAGE RENAL DISEASE 0.358 0.102 3.507 1.431 * * * *

HYPOSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPONATREMIA * * * * 0.100 0.034 2.911 1.105

HYPOXEMIA * * * * 0.304 0.087 3.511 1.356


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BREAST (FEMALE), UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.555 0.210 2.648 1.742


MIXED ACID-BASE BALANCE DISORDER 0.811 0.192 4.236 2.251 0.346 0.147 2.360 1.414



OTHER ASCITES * * * * 0.930 0.099 9.428 2.534

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.498 0.214 2.328 1.645 * * * *



OTHER PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION 1.344 0.266 5.059 3.833 0.480 0.213 2.258 1.616

OTHER SHOCK WITHOUT MENTION OF TRAUMA 0.634 0.169 3.754 1.885 * * * *

PARALYTIC ILEUS * * * * 0.447 0.203 2.200 1.564


POSTINFLAMMATORY PULMONARY FIBROSIS * * * * 0.358 0.149 2.406 1.430


Pressure Ulcer Stage IV 0.397 0.135 2.944 1.488 0.323 0.080 4.026 1.381


PRESSURE ULCER, STAGE II * * * * 0.474 0.056 8.529 1.606

PULMONARY COLLAPSE * * * * 0.206 0.087 2.373 1.229

PULMONARY CONGESTION AND HYPOSTASIS 0.728 0.227 3.210 2.070 0.590 0.151 3.893 1.804


SEPTIC SHOCK 1.380 0.227 6.067 3.975 0.911 0.192 4.738 2.488

SexFemale -0.116 0.042 -2.735 0.891 -0.140 0.024 -5.845 0.870

SHOCK, UNSPECIFIED 1.142 0.226 5.048 3.133 0.682 0.188 3.637 1.978


THORACENTESIS 1.125 0.172 6.555 3.081 0.537 0.123 4.365 1.711


ULCER OF CALF * * * * 0.348 0.126 2.754 1.416

ULCER OF LOWER LIMB, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.187 0.092 2.027 1.206

ULCER OF OTHER PART OF LOWER LIMB 0.423 0.172 2.456 1.526 0.256 0.100 2.561 1.292







Odds Ratio

UNSPECIFIED CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.443 0.148 2.988 1.557




Esophageal/Stomach Surgeries In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.433 0.033 13.263 1.542 0.199 0.023 8.743 1.220



ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.415 0.102 4.086 1.515 0.321 0.082 3.899 1.379




AdmitSourceXferHospital 0.159 0.038 4.225 1.172 * * * *



Age70To74 0.104 0.043 2.414 1.109 0.154 0.028 5.557 1.167

Age75To79 0.226 0.042 5.365 1.253 0.363 0.027 13.560 1.437

Age80To84 0.412 0.042 9.891 1.510 0.581 0.026 22.013 1.788

Age85To89 0.523 0.043 12.283 1.687 0.782 0.027 29.222 2.186

Age90AndOver 0.668 0.045 14.952 1.950 1.040 0.028 37.268 2.829

ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE 0.373 0.113 3.308 1.451 * * * *

ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER 0.517 0.135 3.817 1.676 0.545 0.093 5.892 1.725



ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES, UNSPECIFIED 0.669 0.193 3.471 1.953 * * * *



CANDIDIASIS OF THE ESOPHAGUS 0.236 0.103 2.280 1.266 0.156 0.062 2.511 1.169





CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.439 0.060 7.348 1.551 0.344 0.041 8.362 1.411

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.532 0.128 4.142 1.702 0.477 0.107 4.459 1.612

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.582 0.065 8.966 1.790 0.381 0.053 7.150 1.464

CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE * * * * 0.124 0.047 2.625 1.132






Esophageal/Stomach Surgeries (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with Ophthalmic/Renal Manifestations, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.058 0.021 2.730 1.060


DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION 0.334 0.096 3.483 1.397 0.225 0.076 2.963 1.253


Esophageal and Stomach Procedures- Low Mortality * * * * -0.185 0.074 -2.510 0.831

Gastrointestinal Control of Bleeding -0.329 0.052 -6.357 0.720 -0.511 0.033 -15.445 0.600


HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE * * * * 0.169 0.065 2.588 1.184

hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF 0.215 0.043 5.006 1.240 * * * *




HD117_CVG NARROWING OF PRECEREBRAL ARTERY * * * * 0.111 0.042 2.643 1.117



HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.293 0.058 5.056 1.341 0.188 0.042 4.474 1.207






HD158_CVG PNEUMONIA Bacterial and Unspecified * * * * 0.178 0.026 6.912 1.194

HD160_CVG RENAL DIALYSIS * * * * 0.165 0.075 2.210 1.179








HP132_CVG Exteriorization of Small Intestine 0.604 0.114 5.304 1.830 0.285 0.102 2.791 1.330








Odds Ratio


HP135_CVG Other Repair of Small Intestine 0.842 0.134 6.286 2.321 0.640 0.115 5.557 1.896

HP164_CVG Esophagus Resection and Anastomosis 0.406 0.076 5.324 1.501 -0.221 0.068 -3.264 0.802

HP165_CVG Gastric Resection and Anastomosis - Low Mortality * * * * -0.293 0.083 -3.528 0.746

HP166_CVG Gastric Resection and Anastomosis - High Mortality 0.752 0.042 17.756 2.120 0.382 0.031 12.445 1.466

HP167_CVG Other Esophageal Procedures - Low Mortality -0.485 0.054 -8.991 0.616 -0.150 0.030 -5.000 0.860

HP168_CVG Other Esophageal Procedures - High Mortality 0.655 0.080 8.164 1.924 0.203 0.064 3.175 1.225

HP170_CVG Other Stomach Procedures - Moderate Mortality 0.553 0.040 13.694 1.738 0.283 0.029 9.681 1.327

HP171_CVG Other Stomach Procedures - High Mortality 0.368 0.050 7.399 1.444 * * * *

HP172_CVG Pylorus - High Mortality 0.355 0.071 4.974 1.427 * * * *

HP173_CVG Reflux -0.399 0.080 -4.995 0.671 -0.931 0.062 -15.101 0.394

HYPEROSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPERNATREMIA * * * * 0.076 0.021 3.664 1.079


HYPOCALCEMIA * * * * 0.121 0.053 2.287 1.128

LAPAROSCOPIC ROBOTIC ASSISTED PROCEDURE * * * * -0.475 0.116 -4.098 0.622


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF CARDIA * * * * 0.186 0.082 2.267 1.205

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF ESOPHAGUS, UNSPECIFIED 0.284 0.107 2.666 1.329 0.596 0.064 9.322 1.814

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF LOWER THIRD OF ESOPHAGUS * * * * 0.222 0.076 2.925 1.249

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF MIDDLE THIRD OF ESOPHAGUS 0.420 0.202 2.080 1.523 0.417 0.144 2.892 1.517

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF UPPER THIRD OF ESOPHAGUS * * * * 0.437 0.188 2.331 1.549



OTHER ASCITES 0.513 0.067 7.669 1.671 0.657 0.050 13.121 1.928

OTHER DISORDERS OF NEUROHYPOPHYSIS 0.569 0.135 4.209 1.767 0.211 0.088 2.385 1.235

OTHER DISORDERS OF PLASMA PROTEIN METABOLISM 0.325 0.076 4.286 1.384 0.216 0.050 4.303 1.242



OTHER SPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION * * * * 0.345 0.107 3.239 1.412

OTHER SPECIFIED PERITONITIS * * * * 0.261 0.121 2.168 1.299

P4311_CVG PERCUTANEOUS [ENDOSCOPIC] GASTROSTOMY [PEG] 0.164 0.040 4.073 1.178 0.661 0.025 26.194 1.936

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAE * * * * 0.282 0.078 3.619 1.326


PERITONITIS (ACUTE) GENERALIZED * * * * 0.409 0.092 4.446 1.505








Odds Ratio





SEPTIC SHOCK 0.707 0.044 15.999 2.027 0.397 0.034 11.623 1.488

SexFemale -0.151 0.023 -6.470 0.860 -0.227 0.014 -15.970 0.797


THROMBOCYTOPENIA, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.146 0.029 5.131 1.158

UNSPECIFIED INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION * * * * 0.275 0.069 4.011 1.316



VOLVULUS 0.372 0.151 2.455 1.450 * * * *



Gastrointestinal Bleed In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


ACIDOSIS 0.651 0.028 22.904 1.917 0.337 0.020 17.005 1.400

ACQUIRED COAGULATION FACTOR DEFICIENCY 0.428 0.051 8.387 1.534 0.235 0.033 7.052 1.265

ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.406 0.065 6.252 1.500 0.218 0.045 4.883 1.244

ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION * * * * -0.153 0.048 -3.157 0.858






Age70To74 0.058 0.040 1.446 1.060 0.055 0.025 2.175 1.056

Age75To79 0.206 0.039 5.336 1.229 0.217 0.024 9.045 1.242

Age80To84 0.289 0.038 7.555 1.335 0.340 0.024 14.359 1.406

Age85To89 0.369 0.039 9.574 1.446 0.529 0.024 22.233 1.697

Age90AndOver 0.361 0.040 9.024 1.435 0.782 0.024 32.236 2.186

ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER * * * * 0.308 0.057 5.403 1.361




ANGIODYSPLASIA OF INTESTINE WITH HEMORRHAGE -0.439 0.066 -6.648 0.644 -0.330 0.037 -8.895 0.719

ANGIODYSPLASIA OF STOMACH AND DUODENUM WITH HEMORRHAGE -0.465 0.058 -8.010 0.628 -0.396 0.033 -11.872 0.673


ATRIAL FLUTTER * * * * 0.098 0.039 2.503 1.103

BLOOD IN STOOL -0.113 0.031 -3.647 0.893 -0.087 0.019 -4.625 0.916


CANDIDIASIS OF THE ESOPHAGUS 0.316 0.094 3.372 1.371 0.477 0.052 9.255 1.612





CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 1.719 0.115 14.915 5.578 1.163 0.097 11.948 3.199

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.393 0.036 11.027 1.481 0.212 0.024 8.858 1.236

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION -0.146 0.041 -3.597 0.864 -0.137 0.025 -5.528 0.872

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION * * * * -0.302 0.093 -3.241 0.739



Gastrointestinal Bleed (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER WITHOUT MENTION OF ALCOHOL * * * * 0.149 0.034 4.411 1.161

COLONOSCOPY AND FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY -0.288 0.033 -8.857 0.750 -0.318 0.019 -16.926 0.728



DIEULAFOY LESION (HEMORRHAGIC) OF INTESTINE * * * * -0.343 0.138 -2.496 0.709

DIEULAFOY LESION (HEMORRHAGIC) OF STOMACH AND DUODENUM * * * * -0.243 0.063 -3.832 0.784

DIVERTICULITIS OF COLON WITH HEMORRHAGE -0.274 0.089 -3.059 0.761 -0.452 0.052 -8.698 0.636

DIVERTICULOSIS OF COLON WITH HEMORRHAGE -0.337 0.039 -8.634 0.714 -0.411 0.023 -17.666 0.663

DIVERTICULOSIS OF SMALL INTESTINE WITH HEMORRHAGE * * * * -0.326 0.136 -2.398 0.722


DUODENAL ULCER, UNSPECIFIED AS ACUTE OR CHRONIC, WITHOUT HEMORRHAGE OR PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION * * * * 0.084 0.035 2.372 1.087

DUODENITIS, WITH HEMORRHAGE -0.248 0.118 -2.102 0.780 -0.197 0.067 -2.930 0.821


ENDOSCOPIC CONTROL OF GASTRIC OR DUODENAL BLEEDING 0.096 0.033 2.954 1.101 -0.160 0.021 -7.449 0.852

ESOPHAGEAL VARICES IN DISEASES CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE, WITH BLEEDING 0.606 0.167 3.631 1.834 0.356 0.113 3.157 1.427

ESOPHAGEAL VARICES WITH BLEEDING 0.362 0.099 3.661 1.436 0.186 0.066 2.825 1.204

ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY [EGD] WITH CLOSED BIOPSY -0.447 0.026 -17.426 0.639 -0.367 0.015 -23.885 0.693

GASTROESOPHAGEAL LACERATION-HEMORRHAGE SYNDROME * * * * -0.126 0.047 -2.678 0.882







HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.999 0.061 16.384 2.717 0.664 0.048 13.965 1.943







HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA * * * * 0.241 0.026 9.403 1.272








Odds Ratio








HEMATEMESIS 0.253 0.041 6.199 1.288 0.227 0.025 9.063 1.255


HP127_CVG Other Procedures to Control Gastric or Duodenal Bleeding 0.746 0.045 16.604 2.110 0.278 0.034 8.155 1.320






OPEN, OTHER, AND UNSPECIFIED PARTIAL EXCISION OR MULTIPLE SEGMENTATION OF LARGE INTESTINE * * * * -0.279 0.036 -7.752 0.756


OTHER ASCITES 0.670 0.053 12.658 1.955 0.778 0.037 21.010 2.177

OTHER EMPHYSEMA * * * * 0.146 0.054 2.731 1.158

OTHER ENDOSCOPY OF SMALL INTESTINE * * * * -0.179 0.015 -12.312 0.836

OTHER GASTROSCOPY 0.718 0.175 4.112 2.050 0.248 0.126 1.975 1.282



PARALYTIC ILEUS 0.946 0.090 10.549 2.575 0.489 0.065 7.560 1.631


PORTAL HYPERTENSION * * * * 0.241 0.037 6.465 1.273






SexFemale -0.200 0.020 -9.969 0.819 -0.189 0.012 -15.742 0.828


TACHYCARDIA, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.109 0.044 2.499 1.116


ULCER OF ANUS AND RECTUM * * * * 0.162 0.063 2.564 1.176

ULCER OF ESOPHAGUS WITH BLEEDING * * * * 0.120 0.033 3.594 1.128

UNSPECIFIED GASTRITIS AND GASTRODUODENITIS, WITH HEMORRHAGE * * * * 0.110 0.034 3.256 1.116







Odds Ratio



URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED * * * * 0.113 0.019 5.984 1.119



Heart Attack (Stent Treatment Available) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF FOUR OR MORE CORONARY ARTERIES * * * * -0.186 0.073 -2.532 0.831

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF ONE CORONARY ARTERY 0.163 0.049 3.319 1.177 * * * *

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF THREE CORONARY ARTERIES * * * * -0.223 0.045 -4.952 0.800

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF TWO CORONARY ARTERIES * * * * -0.219 0.040 -5.518 0.803

ACIDOSIS 0.758 0.017 43.662 2.134 0.587 0.015 38.100 1.799



ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, OF ANTEROLATERAL AND OTHER WALL, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE - 410.01 and 410.11 0.173 0.024 7.192 1.189 0.311 0.033 9.479 1.365

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, OF INFEROPOSTERIOR WALL, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE -0.106 0.043 -2.447 0.900 * * * *

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, OF OTHER LATERAL WALL, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE 0.265 0.039 6.748 1.303 0.312 0.042 7.410 1.366

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE -0.794 0.020 -39.247 0.452 -0.489 0.031 -15.579 0.613

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, UNSPECIFIED SITE, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE 0.542 0.028 19.567 1.720 0.571 0.036 16.068 1.770





Age70To74 0.253 0.021 12.096 1.288 0.201 0.017 11.603 1.223

Age75To79 0.449 0.021 21.589 1.567 0.407 0.017 23.627 1.502

Age80To84 0.633 0.021 30.185 1.884 0.615 0.017 35.509 1.850

Age85To89 0.744 0.022 33.801 2.104 0.809 0.018 44.795 2.246

Age90AndOver 0.780 0.024 33.123 2.181 1.023 0.019 53.358 2.782





AORTOCORONARY BYPASS STATUS 0.037 0.017 2.203 1.038 0.055 0.013 4.087 1.056




CACHEXIA 0.407 0.051 8.045 1.503 0.494 0.042 11.764 1.639

CARDIAC ARREST 1.663 0.027 62.341 5.277 1.418 0.025 55.712 4.128







Heart Attack (Stent Treatment Available) (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.103 0.024 4.260 1.108 0.095 0.020 4.775 1.100



Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with neurological manifestations/peripheral circulatory disorders, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.093 0.017 5.365 1.097



DIABETES MELLITUS WITHOUT MENTION OF COMPLICATION, TYPE I [JUVENILE TYPE], NOT STATED AS UNCONTROLLED 0.504 0.167 3.026 1.655 0.382 0.139 2.754 1.464

Diabetes with neurological manifestations, type I [juvenile type], not stated as uncontrolled OR uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.226 0.089 2.539 1.253

DISSECTION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.394 0.106 3.710 1.483 0.297 0.094 3.154 1.346



EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF OTHER LESION OR TISSUE OF HEART, ENDOVASCULAR APPROACH - INCLUSIVE -0.912 0.202 -4.515 0.402 -0.823 0.158 -5.222 0.439

EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF OTHER LESION OR TISSUE OF HEART, OPEN APPROACH - INCLUSIVE 0.495 0.108 4.594 1.640 0.278 0.101 2.747 1.320


HD115_CVG PULMONARY HYPERTENSION * * * * 0.053 0.016 3.362 1.054

HD119_CVG CHRONIC BRONCHITIS * * * * 0.057 0.020 2.830 1.058


HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.755 0.036 21.056 2.127 0.533 0.033 16.306 1.705


HD148_CVG DIAB W UNSPECIFIED MANIFESTATIONS 0.106 0.032 3.277 1.112 0.104 0.027 3.914 1.109





HD160_CVG RENAL DIALYSIS * * * * 0.199 0.037 5.376 1.221










Odds Ratio


HP102_ CVG Mitral Valve Only Replacement 0.771 0.094 8.198 2.162 0.577 0.089 6.506 1.780






LEFT HEART FAILURE 0.459 0.071 6.451 1.583 0.335 0.062 5.415 1.398


MITRAL AND AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS OR INSUFFICIENCY * * * * 0.104 0.033 3.101 1.109

MULTIPLE CORONARY TO MAMMARY OR THORACIC ARTERY BYPASS * * * * -0.445 0.130 -3.426 0.641


OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.124 0.054 2.280 1.132 0.155 0.043 3.590 1.168








PROCEDURE ON SINGLE CORONARY AND NON CORONARY VESSEL -0.775 0.015 -50.749 0.461 -0.758 0.012 -61.408 0.469

PROCEDURE ON THREE VESSELS - INCLUSIVE -0.562 0.050 -11.205 0.570 -0.530 0.041 -12.897 0.588

PROCEDURE ON TWO VESSELS - INCLUSIVE -0.665 0.024 -27.148 0.514 -0.646 0.020 -32.392 0.524


RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 0.172 0.030 5.701 1.188 0.096 0.025 3.880 1.101

SexFemale * * * * -0.075 0.010 -7.739 0.928

SINGLE CORONARY TO MAMMARY OR THORACIC ARTERY BYPASS -0.589 0.027 -21.956 0.555 -0.676 0.030 -22.150 0.509


SLP3606_CVG INSERTION OF NON-DRUG-ELUTING CORONARY ARTERY STENT(S) 0.341 0.031 11.045 1.407 0.307 0.026 11.926 1.359

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 0.331 0.099 3.327 1.392 0.286 0.081 3.544 1.331



UNSPECIFIED DISEASE OF PERICARDIUM 0.323 0.052 6.202 1.381 0.264 0.044 5.959 1.302

UNSPECIFIED DISORDER OF KIDNEY AND URETER - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.108 0.042 2.579 1.114

UNSPECIFIED PLEURAL EFFUSION * * * * 0.197 0.029 6.760 1.218








Odds Ratio

VASCULAR DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED * * * * 0.104 0.053 1.966 1.109

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, OF INFEROLATERAL WALL, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE * * * * 0.105 0.033 3.207 1.111




Heart Attack (Stent Treatment Not Available) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.480 0.066 7.311 1.616 0.323 0.057 5.710 1.382



ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, OF ANTEROLATERAL AND OTHER WALL, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE - 410.01 and 410.11 * * * * -0.239 0.115 -2.080 0.788

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE -1.222 0.068 -17.890 0.295 -1.031 0.074 -13.928 0.357

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, UNSPECIFIED SITE, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE 0.412 0.082 5.046 1.509 0.272 0.085 3.199 1.312


AdmitSourceXferHospital -0.333 0.104 -3.186 0.717 * * * *



Age70To74 0.073 0.106 0.686 1.075 0.152 0.083 1.838 1.164

Age75To79 0.199 0.100 1.997 1.220 0.356 0.078 4.589 1.428

Age80To84 0.360 0.093 3.859 1.434 0.504 0.074 6.850 1.655

Age85To89 0.442 0.090 4.915 1.556 0.706 0.071 9.930 2.025

Age90AndOver 0.477 0.088 5.439 1.611 0.890 0.069 12.818 2.435




ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.081 0.031 2.648 1.085


CACHEXIA 0.473 0.136 3.485 1.604 0.352 0.113 3.118 1.423

CARDIAC ARREST 3.037 0.142 21.368 20.838 2.672 0.149 17.914 14.472



CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, UNSPECIFIED 0.196 0.059 3.335 1.216 * * * *




END STAGE RENAL DISEASE * * * * 0.780 0.090 8.714 2.182


HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.847 0.110 7.676 2.334 0.740 0.099 7.493 2.095




HD160_CVG RENAL DIALYSIS 0.784 0.129 6.073 2.190 * * * *






Heart Attack (Stent Treatment Not Available) (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio



HYPOXEMIA * * * * 0.136 0.069 1.973 1.146

LEFT HEART FAILURE 0.535 0.209 2.557 1.707 * * * *


OTHER PULMONARY INSUFFICIENCY, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.854 0.243 3.511 2.350 * * * *






SexFemale -0.169 0.039 -4.381 0.845 -0.239 0.029 -8.101 0.787


UNSPECIFIED CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.375 0.161 2.320 1.454

UNSPECIFIED DISORDER OF KIDNEY AND URETER - INCLUSIVE 0.529 0.123 4.294 1.697 0.381 0.100 3.821 1.464





Heart Failure In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.479 0.016 29.304 1.614 0.291 0.011 25.474 1.338


ACUTE COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.533 0.050 -10.648 0.587 -0.333 0.030 -11.041 0.717

ACUTE DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.771 0.035 -22.082 0.463 -0.481 0.020 -23.895 0.618


ACUTE ON CHRONIC COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.551 0.028 -19.851 0.576 -0.232 0.017 -14.031 0.793

ACUTE ON CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.701 0.027 -26.310 0.496 -0.399 0.016 -25.226 0.671

ACUTE ON CHRONIC SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.430 0.027 -16.187 0.650 -0.140 0.016 -8.844 0.869


ACUTE SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.404 0.035 -11.663 0.668 -0.263 0.021 -12.514 0.768





Age70To74 0.196 0.023 8.630 1.216 0.194 0.014 14.292 1.214

Age75To79 0.404 0.022 18.734 1.498 0.381 0.013 29.463 1.464

Age80To84 0.515 0.021 24.414 1.674 0.542 0.013 43.025 1.720

Age85To89 0.650 0.021 30.944 1.915 0.747 0.013 59.631 2.111

Age90AndOver 0.740 0.021 34.832 2.097 0.983 0.013 77.683 2.674

ALL SENILE DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED 0.073 0.015 4.769 1.076 0.288 0.009 31.738 1.333




AORTOCORONARY BYPASS STATUS 0.039 0.014 2.895 1.040 0.022 0.008 2.770 1.022



CACHEXIA 0.483 0.032 15.035 1.622 0.490 0.022 22.278 1.632


CHRONIC COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.365 0.080 -4.543 0.694 -0.137 0.048 -2.860 0.872

CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.534 0.054 -9.879 0.586 -0.291 0.031 -9.390 0.748









Heart Failure (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

CONTINUOUS INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR 96 CONSECUTIVE HOURS OR MORE 3.002 0.036 82.914 20.128 2.001 0.033 61.259 7.394

CONTINUOUS INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR LESS THAN 96 CONSECUTIVE HOURS 3.243 0.019 173.865 25.621 2.132 0.017 128.560 8.432

DELIRIUM 0.222 0.043 5.148 1.249 0.248 0.028 8.964 1.282





EPILEPSY, UNSPECIFIED, WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY * * * * 0.075 0.023 3.320 1.078

hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF -0.117 0.012 -10.178 0.889 -0.123 0.007 -17.457 0.884





HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.792 0.048 16.345 2.209 0.523 0.038 13.861 1.688







HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA 0.109 0.024 4.627 1.115 0.324 0.015 22.209 1.383


HD171_CVG CHRONIC SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.144 0.054 -2.658 0.866 * * * *



HYPERTENSIVE HEART AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, MALIGNANT, WITH HEART FAILURE AND WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE V OR END STAGE RENAL DISEASE * * * * -0.136 0.034 -4.003 0.873

HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE, MALIGNANT, BENIGN, UNSPECIFIED, WITH HEART FAILURE -0.281 0.014 -20.508 0.755 -0.265 0.008 -32.612 0.767


IMPLANTATION OR REPLACEMENT OF AUTOMATIC CARDIOVERTER/ DEFIBRILLATOR, TOTAL SYSTEM [AICD] -1.576 0.150 -10.492 0.207 -1.113 0.085 -13.087 0.329

LEFT HEART FAILURE 0.221 0.055 4.008 1.248 0.100 0.036 2.754 1.105

MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME, UNSPECIFIED 0.142 0.051 2.795 1.152 0.396 0.029 13.714 1.486

OTHER ASCITES 0.405 0.031 13.140 1.500 0.315 0.020 15.801 1.371



Heart Failure (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio







PrimaryFacilityPresentOnAdmissionKnownPercent 0.241 0.081 2.962 1.272 -0.279 0.043 -6.548 0.757

PROCEDURE ON SINGLE CORONARY AND NON CORONARY VESSEL -0.146 0.051 -2.867 0.864 -0.332 0.035 -9.479 0.717

PROCEDURE ON TWO VESSELS - INCLUSIVE * * * * -0.278 0.075 -3.729 0.757

SexFemale -0.155 0.011 -14.779 0.856 -0.194 0.006 -31.029 0.824

SINGLE CORONARY TO MAMMARY OR THORACIC ARTERY BYPASS * * * * -0.439 0.089 -4.961 0.645



ULCER OF LOWER LIMB, UNSPECIFIED 0.258 0.049 5.254 1.294 0.304 0.029 10.399 1.356

ULCER OF OTHER PART OF FOOT 0.288 0.050 5.727 1.334 0.298 0.031 9.666 1.347


UNSPECIFIED COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE * * * * 0.204 0.076 2.703 1.226

UNSPECIFIED DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE -0.460 0.065 -7.050 0.631 -0.285 0.037 -7.639 0.752





Pancreatitis In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 1.095 0.063 17.435 2.990 0.771 0.050 15.270 2.162


ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS 0.368 0.181 2.032 1.444 0.299 0.135 2.209 1.349

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE * * * * 0.366 0.152 2.407 1.443

ACUTE PANCREATITIS 0.598 0.138 4.346 1.819 -0.224 0.077 -2.914 0.799





Age70To74 0.205 0.077 2.675 1.227 0.190 0.057 3.336 1.210

Age75To79 0.444 0.077 5.735 1.560 0.442 0.058 7.683 1.556

Age80To84 0.588 0.081 7.288 1.800 0.674 0.059 11.406 1.962

Age85To89 0.604 0.087 6.975 1.830 0.751 0.063 11.907 2.120

Age90AndOver 0.564 0.094 5.971 1.757 1.052 0.065 16.071 2.864





CALCULUS OF GALLBLADDER WITH ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.336 0.139 2.410 1.399 0.308 0.104 2.971 1.360


CHOLANGITIS 0.535 0.150 3.569 1.707 0.263 0.125 2.110 1.301

CHOLECYSTECTOMY 0.799 0.159 5.036 2.223 0.348 0.137 2.539 1.416


CHRONIC AND OTHER SPECIFIED DISEASES OF PANCREAS -0.390 0.079 -4.954 0.677 -0.184 0.053 -3.461 0.832




CYST AND PSEUDOCYST OF PANCREAS 0.249 0.082 3.041 1.283 * * * *







HD142_CVG SEPSIS 1.516 0.139 10.941 4.553 1.117 0.124 9.010 3.056






Pancreatitis (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio










HYPOCALCEMIA 0.772 0.111 6.951 2.163 0.591 0.093 6.335 1.805

JAUNDICE, UNSPECIFIED, NOT OF NEWBORN * * * * 0.331 0.159 2.078 1.393

LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY -0.882 0.105 -8.428 0.414 -0.753 0.072 -10.525 0.471

LOSS OF WEIGHT * * * * 0.300 0.130 2.308 1.350

OBSTRUCTION OF BILE DUCT * * * * 0.233 0.088 2.651 1.262

OTHER ASCITES 0.915 0.089 10.271 2.497 0.861 0.069 12.433 2.365

OTHER EMPHYSEMA * * * * 0.427 0.147 2.908 1.532

PARALYTIC ILEUS 0.440 0.109 4.031 1.553 0.181 0.091 1.982 1.199




SexFemale -0.287 0.048 -5.990 0.750 -0.255 0.035 -7.342 0.775


UNSPECIFIED DISEASE OF PANCREAS * * * * 0.522 0.171 3.050 1.685





Pneumonia In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.599 0.022 27.563 1.821 0.347 0.016 21.404 1.414








Age70To74 0.109 0.029 3.747 1.115 0.135 0.019 6.952 1.144

Age75To79 0.273 0.028 9.877 1.314 0.326 0.018 17.727 1.386

Age80To84 0.346 0.027 12.719 1.414 0.477 0.018 26.481 1.612

Age85To89 0.502 0.027 18.608 1.652 0.629 0.018 34.930 1.876

Age90AndOver 0.563 0.027 20.847 1.757 0.881 0.018 49.157 2.414






ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.133 0.041 3.257 1.142 * * * *

BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA, UNSPECIFIED -0.301 0.041 -7.334 0.740 -0.354 0.029 -12.202 0.702


BRONCHOPNEUMONIA, ORGANISM UNSPECIFIED -0.313 0.085 -3.662 0.731 -0.391 0.055 -7.069 0.676

CACHEXIA 0.546 0.036 15.251 1.726 0.505 0.026 19.200 1.658




CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE V 0.397 0.089 4.465 1.487 0.512 0.062 8.250 1.668






DEMENTIA, UNSPECIFIED, WITH BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE * * * * 0.303 0.042 7.167 1.354




GASTROSTOMY STATUS 0.239 0.050 4.760 1.270 0.351 0.032 10.819 1.420




Pneumonia (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio




HD142_CVG SEPSIS 1.351 0.043 31.651 3.863 1.004 0.034 29.876 2.730






HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA * * * * 0.158 0.016 9.596 1.171










INFLUENZA WITH PNEUMONIA -0.340 0.044 -7.805 0.712 -0.546 0.031 -17.342 0.579

LEGIONNAIRES' DISEASE -0.321 0.154 -2.084 0.725 -0.608 0.118 -5.159 0.545


NEUTROPENIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.480 0.090 5.302 1.616 0.425 0.063 6.743 1.529



OTHER DYSPNEA AND RESPIRATORY ABNORMALITY 0.167 0.068 2.441 1.182 0.211 0.042 5.019 1.235

OTHER FLUID OVERLOAD * * * * 0.078 0.035 2.198 1.081




PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA * * * * 0.121 0.036 3.326 1.128


PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAE * * * * 0.215 0.045 4.785 1.239

PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA [STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE PNEUMONIA] -0.381 0.051 -7.462 0.683 -0.339 0.034 -9.967 0.713

PNEUMONIA DUE TO ANAEROBES * * * * -0.151 0.068 -2.208 0.860

PNEUMONIA DUE TO ESCHERICHIA COLI [E. COLI] * * * * -0.200 0.078 -2.568 0.819

PNEUMONIA DUE TO HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE [H. INFLUENZAE] -0.645 0.132 -4.882 0.524 -0.758 0.090 -8.468 0.468



Pneumonia (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

PNEUMONIA DUE TO KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE -0.228 0.097 -2.346 0.796 -0.256 0.067 -3.822 0.774

PNEUMONIA DUE TO MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE -0.511 0.130 -3.929 0.600 -0.574 0.085 -6.778 0.563

PNEUMONIA DUE TO OTHER GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA -0.295 0.041 -7.212 0.745 -0.210 0.029 -7.240 0.811

PNEUMONIA DUE TO PSEUDOMONAS -0.158 0.056 -2.825 0.854 -0.159 0.039 -4.129 0.853

PNEUMONIA DUE TO STREPTOCOCCUS, GROUP A, OTHER, OR UNSPECIFIED -0.740 0.118 -6.259 0.477 -0.719 0.076 -9.499 0.487

PNEUMONIA, ORGANISM UNSPECIFIED -0.152 0.031 -4.871 0.859 -0.211 0.023 -9.032 0.810





PRESSURE ULCER, STAGE II 0.320 0.041 7.736 1.377 0.534 0.027 20.060 1.706


SexFemale -0.125 0.013 -9.451 0.882 -0.279 0.009 -32.523 0.757



TRANSFUSION OF PACKED CELLS 1.195 0.031 38.441 3.303 0.793 0.025 31.991 2.209




URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED 0.106 0.020 5.198 1.111 0.158 0.013 12.116 1.171



Pulmonary Embolism In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.754 0.045 16.730 2.125 0.570 0.038 15.085 1.768







Age70To74 0.038 0.054 0.705 1.039 0.060 0.041 1.464 1.062

Age75To79 0.132 0.053 2.500 1.141 0.167 0.040 4.147 1.182

Age80To84 0.171 0.054 3.158 1.186 0.326 0.041 8.006 1.385

Age85To89 0.219 0.057 3.851 1.245 0.436 0.043 10.212 1.546

Age90AndOver 0.219 0.062 3.518 1.245 0.700 0.046 15.380 2.014

ALKALOSIS 0.314 0.122 2.565 1.368 * * * *




BIOPSY OF BRONCHUS, TRACHEA, OR CARINA 1.028 0.149 6.921 2.796 0.687 0.124 5.553 1.988


CACHEXIA 0.504 0.104 4.861 1.656 0.462 0.082 5.626 1.588

CARDIAC ARREST 2.719 0.071 38.458 15.172 2.371 0.067 35.349 10.707


CELLULITIS AND ABSCESS OF LEG AND FOOT, EXCEPT TOES * * * * 0.250 0.098 2.546 1.284




COMA 1.268 0.178 7.126 3.553 1.014 0.165 6.153 2.756



DEPENDENCE ON RESPIRATOR, STATUS 1.049 0.200 5.239 2.856 0.830 0.182 4.554 2.293


Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with other specified manifestations/ketoacidosis, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.184 0.090 2.058 1.202







Pulmonary Embolism (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio





HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.682 0.129 5.271 1.978 0.601 0.099 6.085 1.824

















IATROGENIC PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE -0.745 0.193 -3.862 0.475 -0.605 0.135 -4.469 0.546

INSERTION OF INTERCOSTAL CATHETER FOR DRAINAGE 0.953 0.132 7.207 2.593 0.588 0.111 5.311 1.801

INTESTINAL INFECTION DUE TO CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE * * * * 0.308 0.111 2.775 1.361


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF COLON, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.708 0.174 4.078 2.031

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF UPPER LOBE, BRONCHUS OR LUNG * * * * 0.722 0.109 6.645 2.059



OTHER ASCITES 0.828 0.134 6.195 2.288 1.189 0.100 11.845 3.284


OTHER PNEUMOTHORAX AND AIR LEAK 1.034 0.214 4.823 2.811 0.840 0.176 4.766 2.316

OTHER PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION -0.139 0.053 -2.630 0.870 * * * *




Pulmonary Embolism (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


PANCYTOPENIA * * * * 0.417 0.096 4.362 1.517

PARENTERAL INFUSION OF CONCENTERATED NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES 1.045 0.246 4.251 2.843 0.781 0.207 3.778 2.184

PERSONAL HISTORY OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BRONCHUS AND LUNG 0.353 0.111 3.176 1.424 0.258 0.081 3.180 1.294

PNEUMONITIS DUE TO INHALATION OF FOOD OR VOMITUS * * * * 0.363 0.073 4.950 1.437





PULMONARY CONGESTION AND HYPOSTASIS * * * * 0.421 0.142 2.964 1.524

RHABDOMYOLYSIS 0.554 0.190 2.923 1.741 * * * *


RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 0.207 0.080 2.585 1.230 * * * *

SEPTIC SHOCK 1.227 0.207 5.939 3.412 0.888 0.185 4.793 2.429

SEVERE SEPSIS 0.569 0.251 2.263 1.767 * * * *

SexFemale * * * * -0.118 0.023 -5.101 0.888



TEMPORARY OR PERMANENT TRACHEOSTOMY -3.342 0.313 -10.665 0.035 -2.578 0.268 -9.632 0.076

THORACENTESIS 0.333 0.111 3.009 1.395 0.454 0.082 5.563 1.575

THROMBOCYTOPENIA, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.113 0.048 2.358 1.120


UNSPECIFIED DISEASE OF PERICARDIUM * * * * 0.275 0.091 3.004 1.316

UNSPECIFIED PLEURAL EFFUSION * * * * 0.169 0.046 3.694 1.184




Respiratory Failure In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ABNORMAL COAGULATION PROFILE 0.099 0.043 2.312 1.104 * * * *

ACIDOSIS 0.364 0.013 27.398 1.440 0.247 0.011 22.390 1.280

ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE -0.538 0.046 -11.728 0.584 * * * *




ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE -0.158 0.046 -3.452 0.854 * * * *

ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF DISTAL LOWER EXTREMITY - INCLUSIVE 0.198 0.082 2.413 1.219 0.217 0.069 3.147 1.242

ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY 0.230 0.086 2.682 1.258 * * * *





Age70To74 0.184 0.018 10.231 1.202 0.172 0.014 12.132 1.188

Age75To79 0.349 0.018 19.397 1.417 0.355 0.014 24.979 1.426

Age80To84 0.460 0.019 24.597 1.584 0.517 0.015 34.897 1.677

Age85To89 0.565 0.020 28.198 1.760 0.654 0.016 40.928 1.924

Age90AndOver 0.618 0.022 28.180 1.856 0.796 0.018 45.297 2.217







ATRIAL FLUTTER * * * * 0.055 0.025 2.162 1.056


CACHEXIA 0.380 0.030 12.754 1.463 0.397 0.024 16.220 1.487

CARDIAC ARREST 1.955 0.024 79.895 7.064 1.667 0.023 70.946 5.295





CHRONIC LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA, WITHOUT MENTION OF HAVING ACHIEVED REMISSION * * * * 0.183 0.060 3.071 1.201


COMA 1.225 0.039 31.286 3.403 1.026 0.037 27.982 2.791





Respiratory Failure (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio








HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.549 0.035 15.780 1.732 0.449 0.031 14.695 1.566





HD157_CVG VIRAL PNEUMONIA - INCLUSIVE 0.147 0.073 2.026 1.159 * * * *








INSERTION OF OTHER (NASO-)GASTRIC TUBE 0.547 0.061 8.940 1.728 0.382 0.054 7.023 1.466

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF BREAST (FEMALE), UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.336 0.074 4.532 1.399




MULTIPLE MYELOMA, WITHOUT MENTION OF HAVING ACHIEVED REMISSION 0.341 0.078 4.395 1.406 0.333 0.065 5.144 1.395



OTHER ASCITES 0.484 0.057 8.532 1.622 0.498 0.048 10.293 1.645

OTHER MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS, UNSPECIFIED SITE, EXTRANODAL AND SOLID ORGAN SITES - INCLUSIVE 0.432 0.087 4.975 1.541 0.373 0.071 5.214 1.452





PARALYTIC ILEUS 0.270 0.072 3.748 1.310 0.138 0.063 2.207 1.148



Respiratory Failure (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio










Pulmonary Embolism with Acute Cor Pumonale - CC Risk 0.467 0.124 3.774 1.594 0.390 0.103 3.775 1.477

SARCOIDOSIS 0.315 0.075 4.205 1.370 0.164 0.061 2.682 1.178

SEPTIC SHOCK 1.033 0.051 20.088 2.809 0.821 0.048 17.217 2.272

SexFemale -0.196 0.011 -18.182 0.822 -0.246 0.009 -28.653 0.782





THORACENTESIS -0.121 0.036 -3.376 0.886 * * * *







UNSPECIFIED SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.227 0.062 3.689 1.255 0.230 0.051 4.534 1.258




Sepsis In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ABNORMAL COAGULATION PROFILE 0.138 0.018 7.549 1.148 0.131 0.016 8.335 1.140

ACIDOSIS 0.411 0.006 74.651 1.508 0.290 0.005 60.097 1.337


ACUTE AND SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS 0.687 0.028 24.387 1.987 0.629 0.025 25.353 1.876


ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS 0.155 0.027 5.696 1.168 * * * *





ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF PROXIMAL LOWER EXTREMITY - INCLUSIVE * * * * 0.073 0.023 3.220 1.076

ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY 0.095 0.035 2.696 1.100 0.177 0.031 5.804 1.194





Age70To74 0.090 0.009 9.814 1.094 0.113 0.008 14.345 1.120

Age75To79 0.229 0.009 25.417 1.258 0.274 0.008 35.245 1.315

Age80To84 0.360 0.009 39.748 1.434 0.443 0.008 56.671 1.557

Age85To89 0.488 0.009 52.607 1.628 0.616 0.008 77.038 1.852

Age90AndOver 0.627 0.010 65.750 1.872 0.846 0.008 102.723 2.330






ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH GANGRENE 0.475 0.041 11.619 1.608 0.446 0.035 12.745 1.561





CACHEXIA 0.514 0.014 36.918 1.672 0.496 0.012 40.384 1.643

CARDIAC ARREST 2.119 0.019 112.234 8.320 1.930 0.019 102.037 6.891



CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE V 0.495 0.034 14.433 1.641 0.586 0.030 19.583 1.797





Sepsis (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

COMA 0.924 0.023 39.538 2.520 0.814 0.022 36.203 2.256





Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with other specified manifestations/ketoacidosis, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.050 0.011 4.567 1.051 0.093 0.009 10.124 1.097





GANGRENE 0.477 0.028 16.801 1.612 0.440 0.025 17.851 1.553












HD160_CVG RENAL DIALYSIS 0.097 0.018 5.305 1.102 0.126 0.016 7.753 1.134






HYPEROSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPERNATREMIA * * * * 0.320 0.007 43.899 1.377


INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY REACTION DUE TO OTHER VASCULAR DEVICE, IMPLANT, AND GRAFT 0.214 0.060 3.554 1.238 * * * *








Odds Ratio

INSERTION OF OTHER (NASO-)GASTRIC TUBE 0.566 0.025 22.353 1.762 0.446 0.024 18.733 1.562


LATE EFFECT OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING UNSPECIFIED SIDE * * * * 0.072 0.032 2.224 1.075


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF COLON, UNSPECIFIED 0.337 0.051 6.655 1.401 0.406 0.044 9.178 1.501


METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SEPTICEMIA 0.289 0.021 13.547 1.336 0.334 0.015 22.813 1.397

METHICILLIN SUSCEPTIBLE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SEPTICEMIA 0.141 0.023 6.221 1.152 0.182 0.016 11.432 1.199



OBSTRUCTIVE CHRONIC BRONCHITIS, WITHOUT EXACERBATION 0.166 0.007 24.145 1.180 0.170 0.006 29.273 1.186


OTHER ASCITES 0.605 0.016 37.445 1.831 0.647 0.015 44.049 1.909


OTHER MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS, UNSPECIFIED SITE, EXTRANODAL AND SOLID ORGAN SITES - INCLUSIVE 0.413 0.031 13.264 1.512 0.442 0.027 16.375 1.555




OTHER SEPTICEMIA DUE TO GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS -0.706 0.023 -30.903 0.494 -0.525 0.016 -33.812 0.592

OTHER SPECIFIED SEPTICEMIAS -0.276 0.018 -15.439 0.759 -0.209 0.010 -19.889 0.812

OTHER STAPHYLOCOCCAL SEPTICEMIA -0.273 0.034 -8.019 0.761 -0.088 0.026 -3.452 0.916

PANCYTOPENIA 0.419 0.015 28.398 1.520 0.408 0.013 31.429 1.504

PARALYTIC ILEUS 0.202 0.020 10.013 1.224 0.149 0.018 8.212 1.160




PNEUMOCOCCAL SEPTICEMIA -0.435 0.033 -13.057 0.647 -0.428 0.026 -16.225 0.652






PRESSURE ULCER, STAGE II * * * * 0.211 0.010 20.622 1.235








Odds Ratio


RENAL FAILURE, UNSPECIFIED 1.230 0.055 22.306 3.422 1.050 0.051 20.771 2.857


SARCOIDOSIS 0.170 0.048 3.569 1.186 0.114 0.041 2.773 1.121

SEPSIS DUE TO STREPTOCOCCAL -0.599 0.024 -24.998 0.549 -0.483 0.016 -29.320 0.617

SEPTIC SHOCK 1.342 0.006 226.895 3.826 1.002 0.005 194.227 2.723

SEPTICEMIA DUE TO ANAEROBES -0.224 0.033 -6.820 0.800 -0.188 0.026 -7.222 0.829

SEPTICEMIA DUE TO ESCHERICHIA COLI (E. COLI) -1.045 0.018 -57.307 0.352 -0.822 0.010 -81.463 0.439

SEPTICEMIA DUE TO HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE (H. INFLUENZAE) -0.646 0.064 -10.176 0.524 -0.590 0.054 -10.977 0.554

SEPTICEMIA DUE TO PSEUDOMONAS -0.392 0.029 -13.598 0.676 -0.243 0.022 -11.279 0.785

SEPTICEMIA DUE TO SERRATIA -0.348 0.073 -4.771 0.706 -0.184 0.060 -3.075 0.832

SEVERE SEPSIS 0.123 0.007 17.853 1.131 0.068 0.006 12.129 1.070

SexFemale 0.028 0.005 5.591 1.028 * * * *



STAPHYLOCOCCAL SEPTICEMIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.141 0.050 2.835 1.152 0.203 0.041 4.961 1.225



THORACENTESIS -0.169 0.018 -9.347 0.844 -0.071 0.016 -4.534 0.931








UNSPECIFIED SEPTICEMIA -0.035 0.014 -2.399 0.966 * * * *

UNSPECIFIED SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.277 0.027 10.435 1.319 0.292 0.023 12.467 1.339





Small Intestine Surgeries In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio


ACIDOSIS 0.525 0.037 14.150 1.691 0.444 0.034 13.042 1.560



ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.653 0.165 3.972 1.922 0.478 0.147 3.261 1.612

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE * * * * 0.289 0.099 2.921 1.335



AdmitSourceXferHospital 0.112 0.046 2.421 1.119 * * * *



Age70To74 0.211 0.050 4.219 1.235 0.267 0.045 6.000 1.306

Age75To79 0.356 0.050 7.165 1.428 0.453 0.044 10.246 1.573

Age80To84 0.576 0.050 11.457 1.779 0.745 0.045 16.682 2.107

Age85To89 0.746 0.052 14.276 2.108 1.034 0.046 22.368 2.811

Age90AndOver 0.846 0.058 14.564 2.329 1.368 0.050 27.129 3.929

ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE 0.569 0.158 3.593 1.766 0.530 0.144 3.683 1.698



ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF AORTA 0.262 0.102 2.566 1.299 * * * *



CACHEXIA 0.442 0.082 5.368 1.556 0.393 0.079 5.002 1.482




CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 1.036 0.196 5.288 2.817 0.808 0.185 4.370 2.242

CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH PERFORATION, WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION 0.406 0.103 3.939 1.500 0.479 0.089 5.406 1.615









Small Intestine Surgeries (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with neurological manifestations/peripheral circulatory disorders, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA * * * * 0.154 0.057 2.710 1.166

DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION 0.545 0.265 2.055 1.725 * * * *




HD114_CVG CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE 0.265 0.082 3.221 1.303 * * * *





HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.189 0.066 2.875 1.209 0.183 0.061 2.997 1.201








HD173_CVG CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.127 0.059 2.165 1.135 0.178 0.052 3.416 1.195



HP129_CVG Incisions of Small Intestine 0.280 0.081 3.451 1.323 0.276 0.069 4.009 1.317


HP132_CVG Exteriorization of Small Intestine 0.724 0.110 6.580 2.062 0.964 0.096 10.056 2.622



HP135_CVG Other Repair of Small Intestine 0.282 0.070 4.036 1.325 0.199 0.059 3.397 1.220

HP166_CVG Gastric Resection and Anastomosis - High Mortality 0.687 0.086 7.959 1.989 0.556 0.082 6.820 1.744

HP170_CVG Other Stomach Procedures - Moderate Mortality 0.390 0.113 3.437 1.477 0.360 0.101 3.571 1.433

HP171_CVG Other Stomach Procedures - High Mortality 0.410 0.148 2.777 1.507 0.311 0.135 2.296 1.365

HP172_CVG Pylorus - High Mortality 0.642 0.181 3.548 1.901 * * * *

HP175_CVG Colon Resection and Anastomosis - Low Mortality * * * * -0.449 0.204 -2.202 0.638

HP176_CVG Colon Resection and Anastomosis and Large-to-Large Anastomosis - Moderate Mortality 0.520 0.067 7.765 1.682 0.412 0.063 6.542 1.509







Odds Ratio

HP177_CVG Colon Resection Anastomosis – High Mortality 0.381 0.054 7.001 1.463 0.299 0.050 5.978 1.349

HP179_CVG Other Colon Procedures 0.294 0.106 2.771 1.342 * * * *

HP181_CVG Rectal Resection and Anastomosis * * * * -0.528 0.195 -2.703 0.590


HYPOCALCEMIA * * * * 0.155 0.077 2.023 1.168

INCISIONAL HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION * * * * 0.174 0.080 2.167 1.190


INTESTINAL OR PERITONEAL ADHESIONS WITH OBSTRUCTION (POSTOPERATIVE) (POSTINFECTION) 0.138 0.037 3.710 1.149 * * * *

LARGE-TO-LARGE INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS 0.629 0.287 2.195 1.876 * * * *


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF CARDIA 0.712 0.336 2.116 2.037 * * * *

MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF STOMACH, UNSPECIFIED * * * * 0.753 0.240 3.134 2.123



OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED VENTRAL HERNIA WITH OBSTRUCTION 0.337 0.099 3.409 1.401 0.303 0.090 3.385 1.354

OTHER DISORDERS OF PLASMA PROTEIN METABOLISM 0.235 0.100 2.358 1.264 0.270 0.088 3.058 1.310

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.280 0.115 2.439 1.324 0.391 0.100 3.922 1.478



OTHER SPECIFIED DISORDERS OF INTESTINES * * * * 0.290 0.084 3.446 1.336

P4311_CVG PERCUTANEOUS [ENDOSCOPIC] GASTROSTOMY [PEG] -0.232 0.100 -2.316 0.793 -0.171 0.086 -1.982 0.843

P4593_CVG Other Small-to-Large Intestinal Anastomosis * * * * 0.203 0.097 2.098 1.225

P4641_CVG Revision of Stoma of Small Intestine -0.556 0.142 -3.910 0.574 -0.269 0.104 -2.578 0.764

P4674_CVG Closure of Fistula of Small Intestine, Except Duodenum 0.358 0.055 6.478 1.430 0.208 0.050 4.163 1.231

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAE 0.533 0.172 3.094 1.704 * * * *






SEPTIC SHOCK 0.927 0.046 20.302 2.526 0.810 0.043 18.685 2.247

SexFemale -0.105 0.029 -3.605 0.901 -0.098 0.025 -3.865 0.906











Odds Ratio





Stroke In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

ACIDOSIS 0.522 0.030 17.666 1.685 0.382 0.024 15.950 1.466



AdmitSourceXferSkilledNursing -0.239 0.038 -6.285 0.787 0.365 0.026 14.137 1.440

Age70To74 0.124 0.026 4.804 1.132 0.174 0.020 8.651 1.190

Age75To79 0.207 0.025 8.217 1.230 0.324 0.020 16.534 1.382

Age80To84 0.329 0.025 13.155 1.390 0.550 0.019 28.564 1.733

Age85To89 0.329 0.026 12.810 1.390 0.750 0.020 38.432 2.116

Age90AndOver 0.362 0.027 13.526 1.437 1.051 0.020 52.348 2.860


ALTERED MENTAL STATUS * * * * 0.120 0.028 4.266 1.128





CARDIAC PACEMAKER IN SITU 0.088 0.027 3.240 1.091 0.081 0.019 4.213 1.084

CEREBRAL EDEMA TRAUMATIC AND NON TRAUMATIC 0.467 0.020 23.408 1.596 0.341 0.017 20.154 1.407

CEREBRAL EMBOLISM WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION * * * * 0.054 0.013 4.053 1.055

CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE 0.373 0.031 11.870 1.452 0.294 0.023 12.521 1.341




COMA 1.317 0.025 53.337 3.731 1.169 0.022 52.779 3.218

COMPRESSION OF BRAIN 1.034 0.028 37.199 2.812 0.854 0.025 34.100 2.349







ENDOVASCULAR (TOTAL) EMBOLIZATION OR OCCLUSION OF HEAD AND NECK VESSELS -0.225 0.067 -3.358 0.799 -0.283 0.060 -4.689 0.753

ENDOVASCULAR REMOVAL OF OBSTRUCTION FROM HEAD AND NECK VESSEL(S) 0.663 0.051 12.948 1.941 0.479 0.044 10.986 1.614

EPILEPSY, UNSPECIFIED, WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY * * * * 0.090 0.026 3.454 1.094



Stroke (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE 0.191 0.075 2.546 1.210 0.135 0.055 2.452 1.145






HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.594 0.049 12.041 1.811 0.485 0.042 11.641 1.624






HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA * * * * 0.062 0.012 5.209 1.064








HEART VALVE REPLACED BY OTHER MEANS 0.116 0.047 2.492 1.123 * * * *




HYPOXEMIA * * * * 0.178 0.042 4.247 1.195

INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE 0.492 0.020 24.457 1.636 0.378 0.014 26.208 1.460

LATE EFFECT OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, APHASIA * * * * 0.136 0.033 4.109 1.146

LATE EFFECT OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING UNSPECIFIED SIDE * * * * 0.279 0.085 3.268 1.322


MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF PROSTATE * * * * 0.156 0.066 2.375 1.169

NEUROLOGIC NEGLECT SYNDROME 0.131 0.035 3.786 1.140 0.164 0.027 6.069 1.178

OBSTRUCTIVE HYDROCEPHALUS 0.749 0.032 23.618 2.115 0.612 0.028 21.483 1.844

OCCLUSION AND STENOSIS OF BASILAR ARTERY WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION 0.801 0.051 15.794 2.227 0.582 0.042 13.932 1.790

OCCLUSION AND STENOSIS OF CAROTID ARTERY WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION 0.310 0.030 10.236 1.363 0.233 0.023 10.099 1.263



Stroke (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

OCCLUSION AND STENOSIS OF MULTIPLE AND BILATERAL PRECEREBRAL ARTERY WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION -0.323 0.126 -2.563 0.724 * * * *

OCCLUSION AND STENOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED PRECEREBRAL ARTERY WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION -0.213 0.081 -2.638 0.808 * * * *

OCCLUSION AND STENOSIS OF VERTEBRAL ARTERY WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION 0.317 0.061 5.152 1.372 0.158 0.048 3.334 1.172

OTHER ABNORMAL BLOOD CHEMISTRY * * * * 0.176 0.050 3.537 1.193

OTHER ALTERATION OF CONSCIOUSNESS * * * * 0.424 0.098 4.331 1.529







PrimaryFacilityPresentOnAdmissionKnownPercent * * * * -0.352 0.082 -4.271 0.703

PROCEDURE ON SINGLE VESSEL - STROKE SPECIFIC * * * * -0.205 0.036 -5.728 0.814

SexFemale -0.175 0.014 -12.733 0.839 -0.170 0.010 -16.764 0.844


STATUS POST ADMINISTRATION OF TPA (RTPA) IN A DIFFERENT FACILITY WITHIN THE LAST 24 HOURS PRIOR TO ADMISSION TO CURRENT FACILITY 0.248 0.034 7.358 1.282 * * * *

SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE 0.732 0.040 18.333 2.080 0.567 0.033 17.228 1.763


UNSPECIFIED CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE -0.136 0.017 -8.031 0.873 * * * *

UNSPECIFIED HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING DOMINANT SIDE 0.165 0.017 9.887 1.179 0.240 0.012 19.546 1.271

UNSPECIFIED HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING NONDOMINANT SIDE 0.141 0.017 8.440 1.152 0.206 0.012 16.800 1.228

UNSPECIFIED HEMIPLEGIA AFFECTING UNSPECIFIED SIDE 0.389 0.063 6.211 1.476 0.366 0.048 7.706 1.443

UNSPECIFIED INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE 0.709 0.042 16.767 2.031 0.612 0.033 18.820 1.845




Valve Surgery In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF FOUR OR MORE CORONARY ARTERIES 0.604 0.135 4.469 1.830 0.530 0.125 4.247 1.699

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF ONE CORONARY ARTERY 0.337 0.042 8.092 1.401 0.241 0.038 6.278 1.272

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF THREE CORONARY ARTERIES 0.479 0.068 7.008 1.615 0.429 0.063 6.824 1.535

(AORTO)CORONARY BYPASS OF TWO CORONARY ARTERIES 0.371 0.046 8.062 1.449 0.291 0.042 6.877 1.338

ACUTE AND SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS 0.702 0.063 11.155 2.017 0.610 0.059 10.378 1.841



ADHESIVE PERICARDITIS 0.594 0.098 6.049 1.810 0.544 0.092 5.946 1.723



Age70To74 0.142 0.044 3.201 1.152 0.127 0.040 3.201 1.136

Age75To79 0.351 0.043 8.105 1.420 0.340 0.039 8.802 1.405

Age80To84 0.594 0.045 13.172 1.811 0.577 0.040 14.391 1.781

Age85To89 0.740 0.053 13.957 2.096 0.780 0.046 17.068 2.183

Age90AndOver 0.896 0.070 12.724 2.450 0.998 0.057 17.385 2.712

ANNULOPLASTY 0.246 0.047 5.262 1.279 0.191 0.043 4.410 1.210

CARDIAC ARREST 0.705 0.200 3.534 2.025 0.898 0.177 5.060 2.454





HD106_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE W/O FAILURE 0.124 0.040 3.119 1.132 0.140 0.034 4.089 1.150





hd128_CVG MITRAL STENOSIS & INSUFFICIENCY 0.438 0.071 6.122 1.549 0.354 0.066 5.387 1.425






MITRAL AND AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS OR INSUFFICIENCY 0.102 0.047 2.197 1.108 0.111 0.041 2.711 1.118

OPEN AND OTHER REPLACEMENT OF AORTIC VALVE 0.866 0.063 13.697 2.379 0.670 0.056 11.891 1.955

OPEN AND OTHER REPLACEMENT OF AORTIC VALVE WITH TISSUE GRAFT 0.540 0.039 13.701 1.716 0.361 0.034 10.709 1.435

OPEN AND OTHER REPLACEMENT OF MITRAL VALVE 1.986 0.410 4.841 7.284 0.964 0.072 13.426 2.622



Valve Surgery (continued) In-Hospital Mortality In-Hospital + 30-Day Mortality




Odds Ratio

OPEN AND OTHER REPLACEMENT OF MITRAL VALVE WITH TISSUE GRAFT 1.874 0.414 4.524 6.512 0.850 0.049 17.369 2.339

OPEN AND OTHER REPLACEMENT OF TRICUSPID VALVE WITH TISSUE GRAFT 1.399 0.097 14.454 4.051 1.207 0.091 13.295 3.343

OPEN HEART VALVULOPLASTY OF AORTIC VALVE WITHOUT REPLACEMENT 0.951 0.140 6.781 2.587 0.835 0.131 6.391 2.306

OPEN HEART VALVULOPLASTY OF MITRAL VALVE WITHOUT REPLACEMENT 0.477 0.078 6.126 1.611 0.338 0.071 4.742 1.402

OPEN HEART VALVULOPLASTY OF TRICUSPID VALVE WITHOUT REPLACEMENT 0.344 0.090 3.812 1.411 0.304 0.083 3.647 1.355

OTHER AND NOS, BYPASS ANASTOMOSIS FOR HEART REVASCULARIZATION 0.541 0.064 8.463 1.717 0.461 0.059 7.798 1.585

OTHER COMPLICATIONS DUE TO OTHER CARDIAC DEVICE, IMPLANT, AND GRAFT 0.235 0.091 2.589 1.265 * * * *


PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY [PTCA] - BYP-VLV Specific 0.498 0.122 4.087 1.646 0.426 0.111 3.857 1.531

SexFemale 0.383 0.027 14.245 1.467 0.265 0.023 11.363 1.304

SLHP102_CVG MITRAL VALVE ONLY REPLACEMENT -1.037 0.417 -2.487 0.355 -0.168 0.060 -2.788 0.845

SLHP105_CVG AORTIC AND MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT -0.973 0.417 -2.332 0.378 * * * *

TRANSAPICAL REPLACEMENT OF AORTIC VALVE 1.120 0.102 11.025 3.064 0.837 0.090 9.302 2.309



Appendix C. Coefficient Summary Tables – Complication Cohorts


Appendix C. Coefficient Summary Table – Complication Cohorts Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair


Error Z-Stat Odds Ratio

ACUTE VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY OF INTESTINE 0.954 0.316 3.021 2.596

AdmitSourceXferHospital 0.879 0.065 13.439 2.408

AdmitSourceXferNonHospital 0.897 0.179 5.002 2.452

AdmitSourceXferSkilledNursing 0.501 0.225 2.225 1.650

Age70To74 0.061 0.046 1.334 1.063

Age75To79 0.174 0.045 3.847 1.190

Age80To84 0.266 0.048 5.567 1.305

Age85To89 0.349 0.055 6.361 1.418

Age90AndOver 0.407 0.080 5.113 1.503

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 0.487 0.144 3.372 1.627

ANGIOPLASTY OF OTHER NON-CORONARY VESSEL(S) 0.239 0.040 5.974 1.269

AORTA-ILIAC-FEMORAL BYPASS 0.792 0.119 6.629 2.208

AORTA-RENAL BYPASS 1.143 0.235 4.869 3.137

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES, UNSPECIFIED 0.227 0.075 3.018 1.254

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF RENAL ARTERY 0.453 0.067 6.736 1.573

BODY MASS INDEX LESS THAN 19, ADULT 0.388 0.130 2.984 1.475

CHRONIC AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.130 0.032 4.104 1.139

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE III (MODERATE) 0.581 0.064 9.052 1.788

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE IV (SEVERE) 1.021 0.096 10.634 2.775

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, UNSPECIFIED 0.405 0.071 5.677 1.500

DEPENDENCE ON SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN 0.359 0.067 5.372 1.432

END STAGE RENAL DISEASE 0.420 0.195 2.157 1.523

HD106_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE W/O FAILURE 0.190 0.062 3.076 1.209

HD107_CVG NON-MALIGNANT RENAL DISEASE WITH FAILURE 0.414 0.204 2.027 1.514

HD114_CVG CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE 0.334 0.071 4.726 1.397

HD115_CVG PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 0.419 0.081 5.140 1.520

HD116_CVG CARDIOMYOPATHY 0.483 0.075 6.409 1.620

HD119_CVG CHRONIC BRONCHITIS 1.000 0.109 9.205 2.718

HD127_CVG MALNUTRITION 1.083 0.096 11.252 2.952

HD150_CVG OTHER/UNSPEC PERIPH VASC DISEASE 0.198 0.038 5.236 1.219

HD151_CVG ENCEPHALOPATHY 0.434 0.189 2.295 1.543

HD152_CVG HYPOTENSION, UNSP OR NEC 0.390 0.133 2.927 1.477

HD170_CVG ACUTE SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.887 0.212 4.188 2.427

HD171_CVG CHRONIC SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.215 0.088 2.438 1.239

HD172_CVG ACUTE DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 1.513 0.186 8.119 4.540

HD173_CVG CHRONIC DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.504 0.083 6.070 1.656

HD176_CVG BODY MASS INDEX 40 AND OVER 0.464 0.072 6.476 1.590

HD180_CVG BODY MASS INDEX 25-29 0.219 0.098 2.242 1.245

INTERMEDIATE CORONARY SYNDROME AND OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED ANGINA PECTORIS 0.165 0.029 5.617 1.180

MECHANICAL COMPLICATION OF OTHER VASCULAR DEVICE, IMPLANT, AND GRAFT - INCLUSIVE 0.231 0.067 3.475 1.260

OTHER (PERIPHERAL) VASCULAR SHUNT OR BYPASS 0.945 0.088 10.772 2.573

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED COAGULATION DEFECTS 0.846 0.232 3.647 2.331



Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair (continued)



PERSONAL HISTORY OF TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK (TIA), AND CEREBRAL INFARCTION WITHOUT RESIDUAL DEFICITS 0.116 0.046 2.501 1.122

PrimaryFacilityPresentOnAdmissionKnownPercent 2.803 0.212 13.211 16.493

RESECTION OF ABDOMINAL AORTA WITH REPLACEMENT 2.016 0.043 47.327 7.509

SexFemale 0.202 0.033 6.098 1.224

UNSPECIFIED VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY OF INTESTINE 1.949 0.272 7.166 7.019



Appendectomy



Acute appendicitis with generalized peritonitis 0.940 0.022 42.785 2.559

Acute Appendicitis with Localize Peritonitis 0.780 0.023 33.691 2.181


Age45To64 0.446 0.023 19.065 1.562

Age65To74 0.760 0.031 24.565 2.139

Age75AndOver 1.176 0.035 33.135 3.241

ANEMIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.272 0.047 5.789 1.312

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - INCLUSIVE 0.182 0.042 4.313 1.200


CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE II (MILD) 0.518 0.153 3.380 1.679




CLOSED SURGICAL PROCEDURE CONVERTED TO OPEN PROCEDURE 0.221 0.048 4.575 1.247

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, UNSPECIFIED - INCLUSIVE [DX7937 / RISK] 0.404 0.067 5.997 1.498

CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE OR UNSPECIFIED CORONARY VESSEL 0.150 0.036 4.222 1.162


ESCHERICHIA COLI [E. COLI] INFECTION IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE AND OF UNSPECIFIED SITE 0.525 0.045 11.664 1.691

HD103_CVG HYPERTENSION 0.161 0.022 7.190 1.174

HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.753 0.030 25.127 2.123

HD154_CVG DEHYDRATION 0.273 0.039 6.951 1.314

HD160_CVG RENAL DIALYSIS 0.775 0.190 4.086 2.171




HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.165 0.040 4.088 1.180

HYPOSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPONATREMIA 0.348 0.042 8.253 1.416

LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY 0.979 0.103 9.477 2.662

MITRAL VALVE DISORDERS 0.475 0.100 4.735 1.609

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (ADULT) (PEDIATRIC) 0.339 0.046 7.314 1.403

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED DISEASES OF APPENDIX 0.242 0.050 4.849 1.274

OTHER APPENDECTOMY 1.651 0.104 15.808 5.213

PERITONEAL ADHESIONS (POSTOPERATIVE) (POSTINFECTION) 0.210 0.042 4.960 1.234


SEVERE SEPSIS 0.435 0.070 6.192 1.545

SexFemale -0.384 0.019 -20.166 0.681

TACHYCARDIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.208 0.080 2.595 1.232

UMBILICAL HERNIA WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE 0.115 0.050 2.327 1.122



Back and Neck Surgeries (Without Spinal Fusion)



ABDOMINAL ANEURYSM WITHOUT MENTION OF RUPTURE 0.254 0.097 2.620 1.289



Age70To74 0.142 0.042 3.406 1.153

Age75To79 0.201 0.043 4.708 1.222

Age80To84 0.350 0.045 7.837 1.419

Age85To89 0.462 0.049 9.400 1.588

Age90AndOver 0.414 0.059 7.066 1.512


AORTIC VALVE DISORDERS 0.244 0.071 3.454 1.276


Biopsy of spinal cord or spinal meninges - 03.32 0.495 0.087 5.680 1.640

CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME WITHOUT MENTION OF NEUROGENIC BLADDER 0.344 0.084 4.066 1.410

CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS WITH MYELOPATHY 0.153 0.064 2.378 1.166




CLOSED FRACTURE OF SECOND CERVICAL VERTEBRA WITHOUT MENTION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY 1.124 0.089 12.694 3.078


DEMENTIA IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE WITHOUT BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE 0.303 0.081 3.732 1.353

DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.085 0.037 2.331 1.089

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with neurological manifestations/peripheral circulatory disorders, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.160 0.050 3.196 1.173

Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), with Ophthalmic/Renal Manifestations, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.288 0.045 6.383 1.333

EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC, UNSPECIFIED 0.172 0.052 3.302 1.187

EXCISION OR DESTRUCTION OF LESION OF SPINAL CORD OR SPINAL MENINGES -0.285 0.141 -2.023 0.752

HD104_CVG NON-MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION W/O CHF 0.432 0.119 3.615 1.540






HD117_CVG NARROWING OF PRECEREBRAL ARTERY 0.387 0.097 3.981 1.472


HD126_CVG HYPERPLASIA OF PROSTATE 0.135 0.042 3.213 1.144




HD155_CVG CHRONIC ANEMIA 0.198 0.065 3.071 1.219




HD175_CVG CHRONIC COMBINED DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.319 0.136 2.341 1.376




Back and Neck Surgeries (Without Spinal Fusion) (continued)




INSERTION OR REPLACEMENT OF INTERSPINOUS PROCESS DEVICE(S) -0.328 0.109 -2.999 0.721

INSERTION or REPLACEMENT OF PARTIAL or TOTAL SPINAL DISC PROSTHESIS, CERVICAL -0.686 0.311 -2.207 0.504

INSERTION OR REPLACEMENT OF PEDICLE-BASED DYNAMIC STABILIZATION DEVICE(S) 0.605 0.304 1.991 1.832

INTRASPINAL ABSCESS 0.712 0.077 9.211 2.039

LONG-TERM (CURRENT) USE OF STEROIDS 0.149 0.061 2.430 1.161


OBESITY HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME 1.248 0.203 6.142 3.485


OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.552 0.111 4.989 1.737

OTHER EXPLORATION AND DECOMPRESSION OF SPINAL CANAL 0.361 0.053 6.835 1.435

OTHER REPAIR AND PLASTIC OPERATIONS ON SPINAL CORD STRUCTURES 0.616 0.056 11.059 1.851

OTHER SPECIFIED RETENTION OF URINE 0.326 0.086 3.794 1.385

PARAPLEGIA 0.475 0.098 4.821 1.608


REPAIR OF VERTEBRAL FRACTURE 0.220 0.062 3.537 1.246

SexFemale -0.102 0.030 -3.411 0.903

SPINAL STENOSIS IN CERVICAL REGION 0.173 0.051 3.399 1.189

SPINAL STENOSIS OF THORACIC REGION 0.236 0.066 3.592 1.267

Spinal Tap - 03.31 0.825 0.200 4.134 2.282

THROMBOCYTOPENIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.355 0.074 4.812 1.425

TRANSFUSION OF PACKED CELLS 1.263 0.071 17.766 3.538

TRANSFUSION OF PREVIOUSLY COLLECTED AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD 0.616 0.268 2.296 1.851

UNSPECIFIED URINARY INCONTINENCE 0.155 0.069 2.234 1.167

URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED 0.156 0.046 3.404 1.169



Bariatric Surgery



Age45To64 0.300 0.029 10.244 1.350

Age65To74 0.516 0.049 10.433 1.676

Age75AndOver 0.703 0.203 3.458 2.019



BARRETT'S ESOPHAGUS 0.264 0.128 2.061 1.302

BODY MASS INDEX 70 AND OVER, ADULT 0.452 0.105 4.327 1.572


CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS 0.578 0.156 3.710 1.782





CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER WITHOUT MENTION OF ALCOHOL 0.345 0.144 2.403 1.412





Diabetes Mellitus (type II, or unspecified, or Secondary), without mention of complication, uncontrolled OR not stated as uncontrolled_RA 0.143 0.031 4.671 1.153







HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.794 0.126 6.312 2.211

HYPOXEMIA 0.692 0.185 3.736 1.998

LAPAROSCOPIC GASTROENTEROSTOMY 0.885 0.174 5.073 2.423

LAPAROSCOPIC LYSIS OF PERITONEAL ADHESIONS 0.466 0.049 9.465 1.594


OTHER PARTIAL RESECTION OF SMALL INTESTINE 1.604 0.108 14.815 4.972

OTHER REPAIR OF INTESTINE 2.482 0.125 19.809 11.966

OTHER REPAIR OF STOMACH 0.560 0.087 6.445 1.752

OTHER SPECIFIED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS 0.410 0.180 2.282 1.507

PARTIAL GASTRECTOMY WITH ANASTOMOSIS TO JEJUNUM OR JEJUNAL TRANSPOSITION 0.509 0.143 3.550 1.663


SexFemale -0.146 0.031 -4.735 0.864

SMALL-TO-SMALL INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS 0.934 0.109 8.553 2.545

UMBILICAL HERNIA WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE 0.291 0.088 3.299 1.338



Carotid Procedures




ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - INCLUSIVE 0.821 0.062 13.156 2.273




Age70To74 0.076 0.024 3.196 1.079

Age75To79 0.190 0.024 8.025 1.210

Age80To84 0.252 0.025 9.887 1.286

Age85To89 0.419 0.030 14.017 1.521

Age90AndOver 0.416 0.047 8.795 1.515



APHASIA 0.479 0.030 15.848 1.615




ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.188 0.072 2.605 1.207










ENDARTERECTOMY OF OTHER VESSELS OF HEAD AND NECK 6 0.445 0.054 8.213 1.561

ENDOVASCULAR REMOVAL OF OBSTRUCTION FROM HEAD AND NECK VESSEL(S) 1.204 0.052 22.967 3.334

EPILEPSY, UNSPECIFIED, WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY 0.328 0.062 5.334 1.388

FACIAL WEAKNESS 0.404 0.032 12.557 1.498

HD101_CVG DISORDERS OF LIPOID METABOLISM - INCLUSIVE 0.041 0.017 2.384 1.042












HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA 0.701 0.034 20.799 2.015




Carotid Procedures (continued)






HD174_CVG ACUTE COMBINED SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE 1.118 0.148 7.556 3.058


HEART VALVE REPLACED BY OTHER MEANS 0.135 0.050 2.684 1.144

HYPERPOTASSEMIA 0.290 0.066 4.413 1.336

HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.273 0.049 5.620 1.314


INFARCTION OF A CEREBRAL ARTERY - INCLUSIVE 0.522 0.054 9.625 1.685


MITRAL AND AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS OR INSUFFICIENCY 0.290 0.092 3.160 1.337



OTHER CONVULSIONS 0.368 0.099 3.726 1.446

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.233 0.062 3.773 1.263

OTHER LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 0.247 0.073 3.404 1.280

PERCUTANEOUS ANGIOPLASTY OF EXTRACRANIAL VESSEL(S) 0.546 0.053 10.388 1.726

PERCUTANEOUS INSERTION OF CAROTID ARTERY STENT(S) 0.477 0.053 9.052 1.611


Procedure on Single Vessel - CAR specific 0.347 0.047 7.304 1.414

SexFemale 0.044 0.016 2.756 1.045


TRICUSPID VALVE DISORDERS, SPECIFIED AS RHEUMATIC 0.279 0.102 2.744 1.322

UNSPECIFIED CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION - INCLUSIVE 0.316 0.064 4.946 1.371



Defibrillator Procedures



ACUTE AND SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS 0.783 0.136 5.746 2.188

Age70To74 0.056 0.031 1.819 1.058

Age75To79 0.074 0.031 2.375 1.077

Age80To84 0.127 0.034 3.795 1.136

Age85To89 0.100 0.042 2.396 1.105

Age90AndOver 0.193 0.076 2.526 1.213

ANEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 0.136 0.051 2.690 1.146

ANEMIA OF OTHER CHRONIC DISEASE 0.215 0.058 3.705 1.239

ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY OF LEFT HEART STRUCTURES -0.165 0.035 -4.670 0.848


ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.081 0.038 2.112 1.084



CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.106 0.047 2.284 1.112

COMBINED RIGHT AND LEFT HEART ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY 0.316 0.094 3.369 1.372

CONTINUOUS INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR 96 CONSECUTIVE HOURS OR MORE 2.022 0.069 29.342 7.553

CONTINUOUS INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR LESS THAN 96 CONSECUTIVE HOURS 1.439 0.035 41.030 4.216

CORONARY ARTERIOGRAPHY USING A SINGLE CATHETER 0.195 0.030 6.604 1.216



hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF 0.280 0.033 8.516 1.323




HD144_CVG ANTERIOR/LATERAL WALL AMI 0.382 0.140 2.728 1.465






HEMODIALYSIS 0.448 0.060 7.475 1.565


IMPLANT OF PULSATION BALLOON 1.011 0.114 8.870 2.749

IMPLANTATION OF RECHARGEABLE CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY MODULATION [CCM], TOTAL SYSTEM 0.511 0.077 6.651 1.667

IMPLANTATION OR REPLACEMENT OF TRANSVENOUS LEAD [ELECTRODE] INTO LEFT VENTRICULAR CORONARY VENOUS SYSTEM 0.083 0.031 2.653 1.087

INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY REACTION DUE TO CARDIAC DEVICE, IMPLANT, AND GRAFT 0.835 0.212 3.944 2.304


Non Coronary procedures 0.612 0.193 3.171 1.844

NON-INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION 0.654 0.054 12.111 1.923


OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.386 0.096 4.004 1.471




Defibrillator Procedures (continued)



REPLACEMENT OF AUTOMATIC CARDIOVERTER/DEFIBRILLATOR LEAD(S) ONLY 0.409 0.035 11.540 1.505

RIGHT HEART CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION 0.361 0.057 6.338 1.435

SECONDARY THROMBOCYTOPENIA 0.465 0.162 2.875 1.592

SexFemale 0.171 0.023 7.453 1.187

SLP3606_CVG INSERTION OF NON-DRUG-ELUTING CORONARY ARTERY STENT(S) 0.778 0.146 5.320 2.177



UNSPECIFIED DISEASE OF PERICARDIUM 0.407 0.088 4.634 1.502

UNSPECIFIED PLEURAL EFFUSION 0.252 0.060 4.201 1.287



Gallbladder Removal Surgery



ACIDOSIS 0.324 0.023 14.294 1.382

ACUTE AND CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS 0.142 0.038 3.736 1.152

ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS 0.097 0.015 6.403 1.102



Age70To74 0.159 0.016 9.659 1.172

Age75To79 0.299 0.017 17.836 1.349

Age80To84 0.414 0.018 23.388 1.514

Age85To89 0.547 0.020 27.712 1.727

Age90AndOver 0.697 0.025 28.183 2.007




ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.196 0.045 4.392 1.217

CALCULUS OF GALLBLADDER WITH ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, WITH OBSTRUCTION 0.180 0.028 6.530 1.197

CHOLECYSTECTOMY 0.495 0.066 7.523 1.640










ENDOSCOPIC INSERTION OF STENT (TUBE) INTO BILE DUCT 0.612 0.020 30.781 1.844

ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY [ERCP] 0.118 0.035 3.351 1.126


EXPLORATION OF COMMON BILE DUCT 0.319 0.031 10.236 1.376

HD105_CVG NON-MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION WITH CHF 0.428 0.023 18.215 1.534









HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.307 0.017 17.870 1.360







Gallbladder Removal Surgery (continued)







HYPEROSMOLALITY AND/OR HYPERNATREMIA 0.403 0.051 7.832 1.496



INCISIONAL HERNIA WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE 0.122 0.059 2.057 1.130

LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY -0.382 0.065 -5.870 0.682



OTHER ASCITES 0.490 0.038 12.745 1.632

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.339 0.053 6.445 1.403

OTHER PARTIAL CHOLECYSTECTOMY 0.512 0.098 5.241 1.669

OTHER PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION 0.682 0.119 5.728 1.978

PERFORATION OF GALLBLADDER 0.417 0.033 12.729 1.517


POSTINFLAMMATORY PULMONARY FIBROSIS 0.290 0.066 4.427 1.337

Pressure Ulcer Stage III 0.374 0.119 3.138 1.453


SEPTIC SHOCK 0.577 0.036 16.238 1.781

SEVERE SEPSIS 0.102 0.033 3.082 1.107

SexFemale -0.190 0.012 -16.341 0.827





Hip Fracture Treatment




ABNORMAL COAGULATION PROFILE 0.092 0.027 3.399 1.096

ACIDOSIS 0.411 0.023 17.763 1.508

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL EPISODE OF CARE 0.217 0.041 5.334 1.242


Age-Related or Other Osteoporosis w current pathological fracture 0.061 0.017 3.658 1.063

Age70To74 0.144 0.018 8.071 1.155

Age75To79 0.277 0.017 16.504 1.319

Age80To84 0.385 0.016 23.674 1.470

Age85To89 0.488 0.016 30.188 1.628

Age90AndOver 0.621 0.016 38.208 1.860

ALL SENILE DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED 0.130 0.008 15.545 1.139


ANXIETY STATE, UNSPECIFIED 0.032 0.011 2.974 1.032



ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.110 0.028 3.922 1.117

CACHEXIA 0.099 0.027 3.668 1.104

CARDIOMEGALY 0.100 0.041 2.454 1.105






CLOSED FRACTURE OF INTERTROCHANTERIC SECTION OF FEMUR 0.164 0.013 12.830 1.178

CLOSED FRACTURE OF SUBTROCHANTERIC SECTION OF FEMUR 0.309 0.016 18.994 1.362

CLOSED FRACTURE OF SURGICAL NECK OF HUMERUS 0.212 0.046 4.567 1.236

CLOSED FRACTURE OF UNSPECIFIED INTRACAPSULAR SECTION OF NECK OF FEMUR -0.067 0.013 -5.077 0.935

CLOSED FRACTURE OF UNSPECIFIED PART OF NECK OF FEMUR -0.089 0.013 -7.013 0.915

CLOSED FRACTURE OF UNSPECIFIED TROCHANTERIC SECTION OF FEMUR -0.361 0.024 -15.359 0.697

CLOSED FRACTURES OF OTHER PART OF DISTAL END OF RADIUS (ALONE) 0.074 0.029 2.543 1.076

CLOSED REDUCTION OF FRACTURE OF FEMUR WITH INTERNAL FIXATION 0.167 0.012 13.696 1.181

CLOSED REDUCTION OF FRACTURE OF FEMUR WITHOUT INTERNAL FIXATION 0.258 0.028 9.218 1.294


DEMENTIA IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE WITH BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE 0.278 0.030 9.188 1.320





Diabetes with neurological manifestations, type I [juvenile type], not stated as uncontrolled OR uncontrolled_RA 0.410 0.084 4.883 1.506

DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE 0.239 0.023 10.365 1.270



Hip Fracture Treatment (continued)




FIRST DEGREE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK 0.122 0.028 4.432 1.130




HD108_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN W/O CHG OR FAIL 0.189 0.052 3.658 1.209

hd109_CVG NON-MALIG HYPERTEN & REN WITH CHF 0.335 0.022 14.896 1.398






HD122_CVG ASTHMA 0.034 0.016 2.101 1.035


HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.471 0.048 9.741 1.602





HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA 0.450 0.018 25.594 1.568











OPEN REDUCTION OF FRACTURE OF FEMUR WITH INTERNAL FIXATION 0.130 0.011 11.546 1.139

OTHER ASCITES 0.445 0.066 6.738 1.560

OTHER DISEASES OF LUNG, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 0.245 0.066 3.685 1.277

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.293 0.027 10.686 1.341

OTHER LATE EFFECTS OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE 0.232 0.045 5.098 1.261


PARALYTIC ILEUS 0.434 0.085 5.096 1.543

PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA 0.099 0.034 2.930 1.104

PARTIAL HIP REPLACEMENT 0.467 0.012 39.294 1.595

PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAE 0.180 0.035 5.172 1.197

PERCUTANEOUS (ENDOSCOPIC) GASTROSTOMY (PEG) 1.690 0.057 29.519 5.422

PERSONAL HISTORY OF TOBACCO USE, PRESENTING HAZARDS TO HEALTH 0.052 0.008 6.532 1.054

PNEUMONITIS DUE TO INHALATION OF FOOD OR VOMITUS 0.150 0.045 3.303 1.162

POSTINFLAMMATORY PULMONARY FIBROSIS 0.240 0.034 7.147 1.271


RHABDOMYOLYSIS 0.087 0.033 2.639 1.091



Hip Fracture Treatment (continued)



RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 0.071 0.023 3.016 1.073

SexFemale -0.274 0.007 -37.278 0.760

SLDV667_CVG PALLIATIVE CARE RISK REGARDLESS OF POA 1.504 0.019 79.615 4.498


TOBACCO USE DISORDER 0.142 0.013 11.113 1.153

TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT 0.359 0.019 19.240 1.432




VASCULAR DEMENTIA, UNCOMPLICATED 0.221 0.029 7.531 1.247



Hip Replacement






Age70To74 0.179 0.019 9.527 1.196

Age75To79 0.375 0.019 19.278 1.454

Age80To84 0.611 0.021 28.977 1.843

Age85To89 0.838 0.025 33.319 2.312

Age90AndOver 1.030 0.040 25.785 2.802



ASEPTIC NECROSIS OF HEAD AND NECK OF FEMUR - 0.316 0.031 10.219 1.372


ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.190 0.074 2.583 1.210

Bi-Lateral Hip Replacement (DRG16179, PX16170, PX16169, PX16174) 0.390 0.107 3.647 1.477






DEMENTIA IN CONDITIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE WITHOUT BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCE 0.846 0.070 12.127 2.331


























Hip Replacement (continued)



HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.394 0.051 7.781 1.483




OSTEOARTHROSIS, UNSPECIFIED WHETHER GENERALIZED OR LOCALIZED, UNSPECIFIED SITE - 715.90 0.160 0.048 3.348 1.173

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.365 0.068 5.326 1.440


OTHER MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS, UNSPECIFIED SITE, EXTRANODAL AND SOLID ORGAN SITES - INCLUSIVE 0.339 0.154 2.204 1.403






UNSPECIFIED INTRAPELVIC PROTRUSION OF ACETABULUM, PELVIC REGION AND THIGH 0.407 0.086 4.727 1.502



Pacemaker Procedures




ABNORMAL COAGULATION PROFILE 0.144 0.052 2.761 1.155

ACIDOSIS 0.130 0.030 4.397 1.139

ACUTE AND SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS 0.436 0.062 7.005 1.546

ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SUBENDOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INITIAL OR SUBSEQUENT EPISODE OF CARE 0.099 0.039 2.509 1.104

ACUTE POSTHEMORRHAGIC ANEMIA 0.124 0.057 2.184 1.132


ADULT FAILURE TO THRIVE 0.338 0.069 4.916 1.403

Age70To74 0.049 0.026 1.876 1.050

Age75To79 0.138 0.025 5.500 1.148

Age80To84 0.208 0.025 8.456 1.232

Age85To89 0.291 0.025 11.609 1.338

Age90AndOver 0.384 0.027 14.358 1.467


ANEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 0.073 0.033 2.202 1.076

ANEMIA OF OTHER CHRONIC DISEASE 0.155 0.035 4.410 1.167


ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION 0.311 0.142 2.184 1.365




ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.131 0.022 6.091 1.140

BACTEREMIA 0.171 0.072 2.359 1.186






CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION OF CORONARY ARTERY 0.250 0.057 4.398 1.284

COMBINED RIGHT AND LEFT HEART CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION 0.567 0.051 11.037 1.763

CONTINUOUS INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR 96 CONSECUTIVE HOURS OR MORE 2.743 0.076 35.888 15.539











HD142_CVG SEPSIS 0.350 0.047 7.388 1.419

HD144_CVG ANTERIOR/LATERAL WALL AMI 0.400 0.143 2.788 1.491



Pacemaker Procedures (continued)







HD158_CVG PNEUMONIA Bacterial and Unspecified 0.083 0.033 2.488 1.086





IMPLANTATION OF CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION PACEMAKER WITHOUT MENTION OF DEFIBRILLATION, TOTAL SYSTEM [CRT-P] 1.513 0.065 23.323 4.539

IMPLANTATION OR REPLACEMENT OF CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION PACEMAKER PULSE GENERATOR ONLY [CRT-P] 0.770 0.048 16.050 2.161

IMPLANTATION OR REPLACEMENT OF TRANSVENOUS LEAD [ELECTRODE] INTO LEFT VENTRICULAR CORONARY VENOUS SYSTEM 0.200 0.064 3.119 1.222

INITIAL INSERTION OF DUAL-CHAMBER DEVICE 0.709 0.046 15.472 2.033

INITIAL INSERTION OF LEAD [ELECTRODE], NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 0.442 0.059 7.472 1.557

INITIAL INSERTION OF SINGLE-CHAMBER DEVICE, NOT SPECIFIED AS RATE-RESPONSIVE 0.680 0.048 14.213 1.975

INITIAL INSERTION OF SINGLE-CHAMBER DEVICE, RATE-RESPONSIVE 0.749 0.069 10.816 2.115

INITIAL INSERTION OF TRANSVENOUS LEAD [ELECTRODE] INTO ATRIUM 0.611 0.068 9.005 1.843

INITIAL INSERTION OF TRANSVENOUS LEAD [ELECTRODE] INTO VENTRICLE 0.591 0.039 15.172 1.806

INITIAL INSERTION OF TRANSVENOUS LEAD [ELECTRODES] INTO ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE 0.530 0.038 13.850 1.699

INSERTION OF PERMANENT PACEMAKER, INITIAL OR REPLACEMENT, TYPE OF DEVICE NOT SPECIFIED 0.648 0.179 3.622 1.911

INSERTION OF TEMPORARY TRANSVENOUS PACEMAKER SYSTEM 0.457 0.020 23.042 1.580

INSERTION OR REPLACEMENT OF EPICARDIAL LEAD [ELECTRODE] INTO EPICARDIUM 1.352 0.084 16.122 3.866


LEFT HEART CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION 0.470 0.023 20.370 1.599

LEFT HEART FAILURE 0.333 0.124 2.694 1.395

MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME, UNSPECIFIED 0.280 0.088 3.168 1.323

Non Coronary procedures 1.154 0.127 9.067 3.170

NON-INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION 1.111 0.035 31.396 3.038


OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.245 0.059 4.170 1.278


PULMONARY COLLAPSE 0.133 0.046 2.882 1.142

REMOVAL OF LEAD(S) [ELECTRODE] WITHOUT REPLACEMENT 1.354 0.059 22.979 3.872

REPLACEMENT OF ANY TYPE OF PACEMAKER DEVICE WITH DUAL-CHAMBER DEVICE 0.595 0.047 12.672 1.813

REPLACEMENT OF ANY TYPE OF PACEMAKER DEVICE WITH SINGLE-CHAMBER DEVICE, NOT SPECIFIED AS RATE-RESPONSIVE 0.763 0.077 9.874 2.145

REPLACEMENT OF TRANSVENOUS ATRIAL AND/OR VENTRICULAR LEAD(S) [ELECTRODE(S)] 1.103 0.032 34.555 3.012

REVISION OF LEAD [ELECTRODE] 2.570 0.029 88.077 13.068

REVISION OR REMOVAL OF PACEMAKER DEVICE 0.506 0.059 8.569 1.659

RIGHT HEART CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION 0.731 0.066 11.007 2.076

SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM (OF RENAL ORIGIN) 0.133 0.057 2.350 1.142



Pacemaker Procedures (continued)



SexFemale 0.185 0.013 14.739 1.203

SLP3606_CVG INSERTION OF NON-DRUG-ELUTING CORONARY ARTERY STENT(S) 0.362 0.111 3.263 1.436


TRICUSPID VALVE DISORDERS, SPECIFIED AS NONRHEUMATIC 0.174 0.051 3.390 1.191




Peripheral Vascular Bypass



ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS, ANKLE AND FOOT 0.502 0.086 5.842 1.652


Age70To74 0.042 0.037 1.132 1.043

Age75To79 0.206 0.038 5.405 1.229

Age80To84 0.336 0.042 7.975 1.400

Age85To89 0.393 0.051 7.732 1.481

Age90AndOver 0.492 0.071 6.885 1.635

ANGIOPLASTY OF OTHER NON-CORONARY VESSEL(S) 0.550 0.036 15.112 1.734


ARTERIAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF LOWER EXTREMITY 0.431 0.048 8.900 1.539

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF AORTA 0.203 0.075 2.697 1.225

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH GANGRENE 0.429 0.036 11.809 1.535

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH REST PAIN 0.214 0.033 6.408 1.238

ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF NATIVE ARTERIES OF EXTREMITIES WITH ULCERATION 0.197 0.035 5.633 1.218


CELLULITIS AND ABSCESS OF LEG AND FOOT, EXCEPT TOES 0.209 0.044 4.749 1.233





















LONG-TERM (CURRENT) USE OF ANTICOAGULANTS 0.103 0.039 2.625 1.108




OTHER ARTERIAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA 0.723 0.114 6.330 2.060

OTHER SPECIFIED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DISORDERS 0.227 0.055 4.113 1.255

Pressure Ulcer Stage IV 0.511 0.227 2.250 1.667


PROCEDURE ON SINGLE VESSEL - FP SPECIFIC 2.020 0.166 12.175 7.541



Peripheral Vascular Bypass (continued)



SexFemale 0.119 0.026 4.492 1.126




Prostate Removal Surgery



Age70To74 0.117 0.034 3.483 1.124

Age75To79 0.406 0.043 9.492 1.501

Age80To84 0.666 0.064 10.396 1.946

Age85To89 0.998 0.095 10.503 2.713

Age90AndOver 0.963 0.191 5.029 2.619



ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.648 0.188 3.441 1.912

Bladder neck obstruction 0.397 0.095 4.163 1.487




















HYDRONEPHROSIS 0.346 0.093 3.726 1.413



LAPAROSCOPIC ROBOTIC ASSISTED PROCEDURE -0.545 0.032 -16.990 0.580

Malignant neoplasm of bladder, part unspecified 1.193 0.064 18.667 3.298

Malignant neoplasm of other specified sites of bladder 1.449 0.136 10.658 4.261



OPEN ROBOTIC ASSISTED PROCEDURE -0.315 0.086 -3.661 0.730

OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED ROBOTIC ASSISTED PROCEDURE -1.448 0.587 -2.469 0.235

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.609 0.155 3.927 1.838

Other specified disorder of male genital organs 1.069 0.280 3.820 2.914

PERINEAL PROSTATECTOMY -1.377 0.230 -5.987 0.252




URINARY TRACT INFECTION, SITE NOT SPECIFIED 0.400 0.091 4.407 1.492



Spinal Fusion



Age70To74 0.157 0.018 8.561 1.170

Age75To79 0.302 0.020 15.281 1.353

Age80To84 0.409 0.025 16.227 1.505

Age85To89 0.568 0.039 14.636 1.765

Age90AndOver 0.836 0.085 9.794 2.307





ATRIAL FLUTTER 0.368 0.090 4.099 1.444










DRG 453 - COMBINED ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR SPINAL FUSION W MCC 3.211 0.034 93.786 24.805

DRG 456 - SPINAL FUS EXC CERV W SPINAL CURV/MALIG/INFEC OR 9+ FUS W MCC 3.027 0.054 55.581 20.633

DRG 459 - SPINAL FUSION EXCEPT CERVICAL W MCC 2.904 0.021 136.100 18.245

EXCISION OF BONE FOR GRAFT, UNSPECIFIED SITE 0.109 0.024 4.549 1.115








HD148_CVG DIAB W UNSPECIFIED MANIFESTATIONS 0.271 0.067 4.023 1.311




HD156_CVG DYSPHAGIA 0.765 0.050 15.380 2.149





HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.386 0.046 8.339 1.471

KYPHOSIS (ACQUIRED) (POSTURAL) 0.310 0.045 6.929 1.363





Spinal Fusion (continued)




OTHER CHRONIC NONALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE 0.273 0.076 3.601 1.313

OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.323 0.072 4.488 1.381

OTHER EXPLORATION AND DECOMPRESSION OF SPINAL CANAL 0.206 0.023 8.914 1.229

OTHER KYPHOSCOLIOSIS AND SCOLIOSIS 0.310 0.022 14.177 1.363

OTHER SPECIFIED RETENTION OF URINE 0.352 0.062 5.669 1.423

PARALYSIS AGITANS 0.297 0.053 5.655 1.346



REPAIR OF VERTEBRAL FRACTURE 0.281 0.070 4.015 1.324


SCOLIOSIS [AND KYPHOSCOLIOSIS], IDIOPATHIC 0.575 0.061 9.452 1.776

SexFemale -0.186 0.016 -11.646 0.830

SPONDYLOSIS WITH MYELOPATHY, THORACIC REGION 0.347 0.100 3.460 1.415

THORACIC SPONDYLOSIS WITHOUT MYELOPATHY 0.388 0.105 3.697 1.474




TRANSFUSION OF PREVIOUSLY COLLECTED AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD 0.156 0.052 2.974 1.169



Total Knee Replacement




Age70To74 0.136 0.013 10.438 1.146

Age75To79 0.336 0.014 24.533 1.400

Age80To84 0.551 0.016 35.056 1.735

Age85To89 0.745 0.021 35.526 2.105

Age90AndOver 1.057 0.040 26.218 2.878




AORTOCORONARY BYPASS STATUS 0.059 0.023 2.578 1.061










DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE 0.208 0.033 6.287 1.231


FIRST DEGREE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK 0.328 0.057 5.801 1.388

GENU VALGUM (ACQUIRED) 0.066 0.026 2.489 1.068









HD122_CVG ASTHMA 0.035 0.016 2.134 1.035










HEART VALVE REPLACED BY OTHER MEANS 0.144 0.041 3.548 1.155



Total Knee Replacement (continued)




HYPOPOTASSEMIA 0.298 0.039 7.615 1.347


LONG-TERM (CURRENT) USE OF STEROIDS 0.078 0.032 2.436 1.081




OTHER EMPHYSEMA 0.491 0.056 8.770 1.635


PARALYSIS AGITANS 0.352 0.045 7.905 1.422



RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - INCLUSIVE 0.067 0.025 2.637 1.069


SexFemale -0.031 0.011 -2.777 0.970

TACHYCARDIA, UNSPECIFIED 0.449 0.080 5.584 1.566



Total Knee Replacement (DRG16179, PX16164, PX16163, PX16173) -0.708 0.024 -29.269 0.493



Transurethral Prostate Resection Surgery




Age70To74 0.172 0.054 3.167 1.188

Age75To79 0.308 0.053 5.835 1.361

Age80To84 0.421 0.053 7.890 1.524

Age85To89 0.442 0.056 7.822 1.555

Age90AndOver 0.623 0.065 9.585 1.865



Bladder neck obstruction 0.137 0.050 2.752 1.147




CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, STAGE V 0.670 0.211 3.177 1.953





HD101_CVG DISORDERS OF LIPOID METABOLISM - INCLUSIVE 0.093 0.030 3.068 1.098













HYDRONEPHROSIS 0.191 0.049 3.917 1.210








UNSPECIFIED SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE 0.504 0.213 2.364 1.656


Appendix D. Model Fit Statistics In-hospital In-hospital + 30 days

Cohort c-stat Lower CI Upper CI c-stat Lower CI Upper CI

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair 0.745 0.738 0.752 Not evaluated at 30 days

Appendectomy 0.780 0.777 0.784 Not evaluated at 30 days

Back and Neck Surgery (without Spinal Fusion) 0.706 0.699 0.712 Not evaluated at 30 days

Bariatric Surgery 0.667 0.659 0.674 Not evaluated at 30 days

Bowel Obstruction 0.897 0.894 0.900 0.852 0.849 0.855

Carotid Surgery 0.711 0.707 0.715 Not evaluated at 30 days

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 0.873 0.870 0.877 0.774 0.772 0.776

Colorectal Surgeries 0.916 0.913 0.919 0.896 0.893 0.898

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery 0.809 0.802 0.816 0.778 0.772 0.785

Coronary Interventional Procedures (Inpatient) 0.886 0.884 0.889 0.846 0.843 0.848

Cranial Neurosurgery 0.944 0.941 0.946 0.890 0.887 0.893

Defibrillator Procedures 0.698 0.693 0.703 Not evaluated at 30 days

Diabetic Emergencies 0.881 0.874 0.888 0.806 0.801 0.811

Esophageal/Stomach Surgeries 0.844 0.840 0.848 0.812 0.810 0.815

Gallbladder Removal Surgery 0.709 0.706 0.711 Not evaluated at 30 days

Gastrointestinal Bleed 0.891 0.888 0.894 0.815 0.813 0.818

Heart Attack (stent available) 0.895 0.894 0.897 0.858 0.857 0.860

Heart Attack (stent not available) 0.859 0.852 0.865 0.804 0.798 0.810

Heart Failure 0.895 0.894 0.897 0.787 0.786 0.788

Hip Fracture Treatment 0.703 0.702 0.705 Not evaluated at 30 days

Hip Replacement 0.703 0.699 0.706 Not evaluated at 30 days

Pacemaker Procedures 0.739 0.736 0.742 Not evaluated at 30 days

Pancreatitis 0.886 0.879 0.894 0.839 0.833 0.846

Peripheral Vascular Bypass 0.705 0.699 0.711 Not evaluated at 30 days

Pneumonia 0.860 0.858 0.863 0.797 0.795 0.799

Prostate Removal Surgery 0.714 0.707 0.722 Not evaluated at 30 days

Pulmonary Embolism 0.900 0.896 0.905 0.850 0.846 0.854

Respiratory Failure 0.906 0.904 0.907 0.847 0.846 0.849

Sepsis 0.901 0.901 0.902 0.867 0.866 0.868

Small Intestine Surgeries 0.885 0.881 0.889 0.882 0.879 0.885

Spinal Fusion 0.796 0.793 0.799 Not evaluated at 30 days

Stroke 0.938 0.937 0.939 0.881 0.879 0.882

Total Knee Replacement 0.699 0.697 0.702 Not evaluated at 30 days

Transurethral Prostate Resection Surgery 0.668 0.661 0.676 Not evaluated at 30 days

Valve Surgery 0.794 0.788 0.800 0.757 0.751 0.762


Appendix E. Hospital Ratings Removal Policy Effective Date: August 16, 2015

Healthgrades evaluates the performance of the nation’s nearly 5,000 hospitals using several data sources including data submitted by hospitals to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), all-payer data submitted by hospitals to their states, and HCAHPS data.

Regardless of the data set utilized, Healthgrades methodology is applied to every hospital in the same manner.

On rare occasions, Healthgrades identifies new information that impacts its assessment of a hospital. Healthgrades policy is to remove certain hospitals’ performance and/or awards from its website in the following situations:

• A revocation of a hospital’s Medicare license by CMS;

• Federal conviction of a hospital for Medicare fraud;

• Egregious issues with the integrity of data submitted by a hospital to CMS or to the state in which the hospital resides.

In these rare circumstances, the hospital’s CEO will be notified in writing of the reason for removal. Removal is at the discretion of Healthgrades based on the impact from erroneous data and/or presumed fraudulent activities.

Under no circumstances will Healthgrades accept data directly from a hospital, nor will Healthgrades manipulate or change a hospital’s performance category or data in any way. It is the hospital’s responsibility to resubmit the data to CMS or to its state. To re-post specific performance information, Healthgrades must receive corrected data directly from CMS or from the state during its annual ratings update.


Appendix F. All-Payer States Citations and Disclaimers We respectfully list the following citations and disclaimers as requested from the following states that provide inpatient data.

Nevada: This information is from the records of the Nevada Division of Health Care Financing and Policy (DHCFP) and was released through the Center of Health Information Analysis (CHIA) of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Authorization to release this information does not imply endorsement of this study or its findings by either DHCFP or CHIA.

Rhode Island: Rhode Island Hospital Discharge Data, Center for Health Data & Analysis, Rhode Island Department of Health

Virginia: Virginia Health Information (VHI) has provided non-confidential patient level information used in this file, report, publication, or database which it has compiled in accordance with Virginia law but which it has no authority to independently verify. By using this file, report, publication, or database, the user agrees to assume all risks that may be associated with or arise from the use of inaccurate data. VHI cannot and does not represent that the use of VHI’s data was appropriate for this file, report, publication, or database or endorse or support any conclusions of inferences that may be drawn from the use of VHI’s data.

Washington: Washington State Data is being made available from: Washington State Department of Health

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