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Entertainment and

Media sector 

Televisionindustry

MusicIndustry

Radioindustry

FilmIndustry

AnimationIndustry

1. INTRODUCTION

The Indian entertainment and media (E&M) industry, standing at more than USD 8

billion, is one of the fastest growing setors of the Indian eonomy. The Indian

entertainment industry is di!ided into segments as shown abo!e" Indian film industry

forms the most im#ortant segment of entertainment setor" Indian film industry hel#s

a lot in growth of entertainment industry and the growth of ountry, at large"

India has the world$s biggest mo!ie industry in terms of the number of mo!ies

#rodued (around 8%% mo!ies annually)" It is a great setor for foreign in!estment by

or#oratised entertainment om#anies" Though riss are high on a #er'mo!ie basis,

the ris s#reads out aross a number of films"

The Indian film industry has e#eriened ad!anements on all fronts inluding

tehnology used, themes of the mo!ies, finane, ehibition and mareting" The

mo!ie maing business has got strong im#etus from the growth of multi#le ulture"

The Indian film industry is getting or#oratied and has started looing o!erseas for

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o '#rodution" India has the world$s biggest mo!ie industry and #rodues around

*%%% mo!ies eah year .  In ontrast, +- films were #rodued in the US  in .%%-"

Today, the Indian film industry stands at I/0 81 billion and is #ro2eted to reah

around I/0 *1 billion by .%**" Indian films are #o#ular in !arious #arts of the world,

es#eially in ountries with signifiant Indian ommunities"The ma2or reason for this

high growth rate is that the industry is inreasingly getting more or#oratised,

highlighted by #ubli issues of se!eral film #rodution, distribution and ehibition

om#anies, long term ontrats between film #rodution om#anies and diretors3

ators and the fat that more than half of .%%45s releases were by or#orates rather

than indi!idual banners"

The soures of re!enue being onsumer bo offie s#ending for theatrial motion

#itures #lus s#ending on renting and #urhasing home !ideo #roduts in both D6D

and 67S formats" It also inludes online film rental subsri#tion ser!ies, suh as

those whereby D6Ds are deli!ered !ia o!ernight mail, and streaming ser!ies,

whereby films are downloaded !ia a broadband Internet onnetion"

  strong a##etite for mo!ies and an u#load migration of household inomes in India,

has bought a se!eral business o##ortunities in this segment" The bo offie

olletions of this industry are 819 of its re!enues as om#ared to the US film

industry where the olletions are only .9 of the re!enues"

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2. TREND IN INDIAN FI!M INDUTR"

 #rie$ %istory o$ Indian Movie Industry&

Motion #itures ame to India in *8:4, when the ;umi<re =rothers$ >inematogra#h

un!eiled si soundless short films in =ombay (now Mumbai)" This was 2ust one year

after the ;umi<re brothers (in!entors of inematogra#hy) had set u# their om#any

in ?aris"

The first Indian on reord to mae a mo!ie was 7arishhandra Saharam

=hat!adear (niname@ Sa!e Dada)" 7e made one short film on a wrestling math

at the 7anging Aardens in =ombay, and another on the #layfulness of moneys"

=oth these shorts were made in *8: and were #ublily ehibited for the first time in

*8:: using Edison$s #ro2eting inetoso#e inside a tent whih the film maer had

himself ereted"

India$s first feature film B named Cing 7arishhandraC B was released in *:*-" It

was made by Dhundira2 Ao!ind ?hale (niname@ Dadasaheb ?hale, *8*'*:++)"

This was a silent mo!ie" =y *:.%, film maing had taen the sha#e of an industry"

The first talie made in India was Clam raC (#rodued by Im#erial ilm >om#any)

released in *:-*"

Until the *:4%s, film'maing om#anies, many of whom owned studios, dominated

the film industry" rtistes and tehniians were either their em#loyees or were

ontrated on long'term basis" Sine the *:4%s, howe!er, most #erformers went the

freelane way, resulting in the star system and huge esalations in film #rodutionosts" inaning deals in the industry also started beoming murier and murier

sine then"

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 Current A$$airs&

India has the world$s biggest mo!ie industry in terms of the number of mo!ies

#rodued (around 8%% mo!ies annually, mostly in the 7indi language" Tamil, Telegu,=engali and Malayalam are the languages in whih most of the non'7indi films are

made)"

Today, the tehnology of film'maing in India is #erha#s the best among all

de!elo#ing ountries though the films themsel!es remain mostly re#etiti!e in

storyline and ontent" Su#erior mo!ies, in themati and reati!e terms, are made in

many de!elo#ing ountries with less so#histiated tehnologies"

 ording to unoffiial estimates a!ailable in Fanuary .%%*, the Indian film industry

has an annual turno!er of 0s" 4% billion (a##roimately USG*"-- billion)" It em#loys

more than 4 million #eo#le, most of whom are ontrat worers as o##osed to

regular em#loyees"

The abo!e statistis annot howe!er be used to alulate the mo!ie industry$s share

in the AD? or em#loyment generation" This is beause a !ast #ro#ortion of the

turno!er taes #lae outside the legal eonomy"

Though India5s o!erall entertainment industry is taing on #rofessional olours (with

the rise of T6 #rodution om#anies), India$s mo!ie industry #er se remains highly

informal, #ersonality'oriented and family'dominated"

Until the late *::%s, it was not e!en reognised as an industry" E!en though it hassine been reognised as an industry, bans and other finanial institutions ontinue

to a!oid the industry due to the enormous riss in!ol!ed in the business" Two bans,

>anara =an and Indian =an, ha!e re#ortedly lost hea!ily by finaning films"

7owe!er, the #ros#ets of ban finaning and ris insurane are beoming brighter,

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albeit at a slow rate (as e#lained further down this re#ort)" s a result, the finaning

of films in India often remains shrouded in mystery"

The rot or finanial amorality of India$s film industry seems to ha!e set in sine the

*:4%s" Until the *:4%s, film #roduers would get loans from film distributors against

a minimum guarantee@ this meant that the distributors had to ensure that the film was

sreened in inemas for a fied minimum #eriod" If this minimum guarantee was

fulfilled, the #roduers had no further liability" ?rofit or loss would be the destiny of

the distributors"

The $other$ soures of finanes are@

 B >on!entional moneylenders (who lend at an interest rate of -4'+% #er ent H

  annually)

 B non'on!entional but or#orate resoures,

 B ?romissory note system (loally alled $hundi$ system)@ this is the most widely

#re!alent soure, and 

 B Underworld money@ about 1 #er ent of the mo!ies are sus#eted to be finaned

by these soures"

ilm #rodution thus beame a risy business and the relationshi# with usurious

money'lenders strengthened o!er the years"

India has a /ational ilm De!elo#ment >or#oration (/D>)  whih finanes some

films" few film maers, who would find it hard to obtain finane from the regular

soures, ha!e been finaned by the /D>" 7owe!er, /D> annot be onsidered to

#lay a entral role in the film industry beause it finanes too few films whih, too,

are not of the ty#e that has made the Indian film industry so !ibrant" It howe!er goes

to the /D>$s redit that, without it, some of India$s best film maers wouldn$t ha!e

got a brea in the industry"

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'. E(MENTATION OF INDIAN FI!M INDUTR"

(I) REGIONAL FILM INDUSTRIES 

India is a large ountry where many languages are s#oen" ording to the *::*

>ensus of India there are about *%,+%% $raw mother tongues$ in India" Indian film

#roduers ha!e made films in thirty of the largest languages" 7owe!er, only the !ery

largest language grou#s su##ort ma2or regional industries" These are@ 7indi, Tamil, 

Telugu, =engali, Marathi, annada,Jdiya,Malayalam" Jffiial statistis ategorise

Indian films aording to the languages in whih they are distributed"

There is a great deal of mobility between the regional industries" Many worers in

other regional industries, one their talent and #o#ularity is established, mo!e on to

wor in other film industries, nationally as well as internationally" or eam#le, " 0" 

0ahman, one of the best nown film musi om#osers in Indian inema, started his

areer in Tamil inema in >hennai but has sine wored in =ollywood, ;ondon, and

/ew Kor" Similarly, films that sueed in one language are often remade or dubbed

in others" ilms lie Padosan and Roja, for eam#le, were re'made or dubbed from

their original =engali and Tamil !ersions res#eti!ely, into 7indi"

1. T)e #en*ali +#an*la, $ilm industry

The history of inema in =engal dates ba to the *8:%s, when the first Cbioso#esC

were shown in theatres in >alutta" Lithin a deade, the first seeds of the industry

was sown by 7iralal Sen, onsidered a stalwart of 6itorian era inema when he set

u# the 0oyal =ioso#e >om#any, #roduing senes from the stage #rodutions of a

number of #o#ular shows at the Star Theatre, Miner!a Theatre, >lassi Theatre"

7owe!er, the first =engali eature film, =illwamangal, was #rodued in *:*:, under

the banner of Madan Theatre" =ilat erat was the I=>$s first #rodution in *:.*"

The /ew Theatre #rodution of Dena ?aona was the first =engali talie" Today, there

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are two =engali film industries, one in olata (>alutta), India and the lesser nown

one in Dhaa, =angladesh (alled Dhallywood)" The film industry based in olata is

sometimes referred to as Tollywood"

Its most famous film diretor is Satya2it 0ay, who won an Jsar   for lifetime

ahie!ement in inema" 7owe!er, =engali films ha!e always remained the hot

fa!ourites among the /ational wards  2ury almost e!ery year sine its ine#tion"

Some of the most #o#ular =engali film #ersonalities inlude ishore umar , Mithun 

>haraborty" Some of the other =engalis who ha!e made it big are  sho umar, 

=imal 0oy, Mrinal Sen, 0itwi Ahata, #arna Sen and Suhitra Sen"

 

2. T)e %indi $ilm industry

The 7indi film industry, based in Mumbai (formerly =ombay), is the largest branh of

Indian inema" 7indi film Industry is often alled $=ollywood$ (a melding of 7ollywood 

and =ombay)" It is belie!ed that :19 of the Indian #o#ulation wathes =ollywood"

=ollywood has been reently greatly ritiied for what ritis see as a !iolation of

Indian ultural !alues and its disussion of ontro!ersial to#is" It is onsidered the

most liberal out of the Indian language film industries"

0egional mo!ies are distinti!ely different from =ollywood (7indi) mo!ies, as the

stories and themes of these mo!ies #ortray the ulture of the region from whih they

originate, while most =ollywood mo!ies nowadays are greatly influened by Lestern

ulture"

 

'. T)e -annada $ilm industry

The annada film industry, based in arnataa, is sometimes alled $Sandalwood$,

as arnataa is nown for its sandalwood howe!er, this term does not seem to be in

wides#read use" The Aubbi 6eeranna  >om#any, or Veeranna's Sri

Chennabasaveshwara Krupa Poshita Nataka Sangha and other grou#s established

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themsel!es first as theatre trou#es, and later went on to dominate annada inema

into the *:4%s" annada films has beome !ery #o#ular after the reent hits lie Fogi 

(.%%1) & Mungaru Male (.%%)"Mungaru Male has been the first Indian mo!ie to be

sreened in many Euro#ean ountries "

. T)e -as)miri $ilm industry

The ashmiri film industry, whih had been lying dormant sine the release of Habba

Khatoon in *:4, was re!i!ed after a -:'year hiatus with the release of Akh Daee

!ooe"h in .%%4" >inema halls had been shut down for a long time in ashmir, by

militants #rotesting against the /ew Delhi based Ao!ernment" There are few inema

halls and a handful of diretors ha!e been returning to shoot in the region" Thoughthe region was fa!oured by many #roduers as a seni loale in #re'militany era

=ollywood mo!ies as a romanti badro#, the regional industry was not !ery strong,

due to la of finanes and infrastruture"

/. T)e Malayalam $ilm industry

The Malayalam film industry, based in erala" Malayalam mo!ies are nown for their

artisti nature and they freuently figure in the national film awards" It is also

urrently nown for being the most onser!ati!e out of the different film industries in

India, des#ite the fat that it went through a liberal #hase in the 8%$s"

The first -D film whih #rodued in India was in Malayalam" Its name was My Dear

uttihatthan #rodued by /a!odaya ?rodutions" ?adayottam, the first fully

indigenous %MM film with all its wor done in India was in Malayalam whih was

also #rodued by /a!odaya" The first >inemaso#e film in the world was #rodued

in Malayalam" >hemmeen was the first film whih earned a gold medal from the

?resident from South India"CAuruC, direted by 0a2i! nhal, is the only Malayalam

film nominated for Jsar ward so far"

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0. T)e Marat)i $ilm industry

ilm Shwaas (The =reath)was a milestone in Marathi inema" Mo!ie was also sent

as India$s offiial entry to th ademy wards"

The Marathi ilm industry is based in Mumbai, Maharashtra" Marathi film industry is

one of the oldest in India" Dadasaheb ?hale was one of the #ioneers of the films in

Marathi" 7e is in fat,termed as father of Indian inema"

Uttarayan and mainstream suesses lie ga bai reha, Shubhmangal

saa!dhan, habardaar and Saathya aat gharat maes Marathi films #o#ular"

. T)e Tamil $ilm industry

The Tamil film industry (ollywood), based in the odambaam area of >hennai is

one of biggest film industries in India" ?o#ularity and olletions wise, the Tamil film

industry is seond only to the 7indi film industry" Tamil films ha!e en2oyed onsistent

#o#ularity among Tamil s#eaers in India, Sri ;ana, Singa#ore, Malaysia  and

Mauritius" Tamil films also reei!e fame in ountries whih ontain Tamil immigrant

ommunities suh as the United States, United ingdom, >anada, and otherEuro#ean ountries"

The Tamil film industry aounts for a##roimately *9 of the gross domesti #rodut

of the state of Tamil /adu"

. T)e Telu*u $ilm industry

The Telugu film industry is based in ndhra ?radesh$s a#ital ity, 7yderabad" fter

=ollywood, more mo!ies are #rodued e!ery year in Telugu than any other language"

The state also has what is laimed to be the largest film studio in the world, 0amo2i

ilm >ity" Telugu mo!ies are released world wide in United States, >anada, #arts of

Euro#e, South fria, Malaysia and Singa#ore"

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+II, CONTENT OF INDIAN MO3IE

=ased on the ontent Indian mo!ies an be di!ided into three broad ategories eah

of these lusters ha!e their own o##ortunities, hallenges and im#erati!es"

 %indi 4masala4 movies

Indian films need to go beyond the /0Is to o!er sian audienes who ha!e

de!elo#ed a liing for suh ontent" They also need to reah out to #eo#le of Indian

origin (?IJs) in ountries suh as i2i or Surinam"

 Mystical Indian t)emes or ot)er cultural t)emes

The industry needs to thin big" C regular global release demands -%%% to +%%%

#rints" The biggest Indian release rarely goes beyond .1% #rints"

Moreo!er, it reuires muh more hard wor than sim#ly tweaing formats to #resent

Indian mythology, ulture, or stories a##ealing to the sensibilities of the global

audiene"

Animation

The om#anies need to sout aggressi!ely for o##ortunities in film festi!als and

trade fairs" s it inludes #rogramming ontent suh as animation whih an be

#rodued for marets suh as >IS, Lest sia, fria or East Euro#e, suiting their

loal needs"

  Art cinema in India

In addition to ommerial inema, there is also Indian inema that as#ires to

seriousness or art" This is nown to film ritis as C/ew Indian >inemaC or

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sometimes Cthe Indian /ew La!eC, but most #eo#le in India sim#ly all suh films

Cart filmsC" These films deal with a wide range of sub2ets but many are in general

e#lorations of om#le human irumstanes and relationshi#s within an Indian

setting"

 rt films are subsidised by Indian go!ernment@ as#iring diretors ould get federal or

state go!ernment grants to #rodue non'ommerial films on Indian themes" Many

of these diretors were graduates of the go!ernment'su##orted ilm and Tele!ision 

Institute of India"

+III, #UD(ET #AED C!AAIFICATION&

The $bigness$ of the budget is attributable mainly to the high fees #aid to $stars$,

elebrated musi diretors, high'end tehnologies and e#ensi!e tra!el osts to

shoot in eoti loations worldwide" 

  reasonable budget film in 7indi ould ost USG*"1 million"

  low budget 7indi film an be made for e!en as low as 0s" *1 million"

  big budget 7indi mo!ie an ost in eess of USG-% million"

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. 5%IC% FACTOR ARE RE6ONI#!E FOR T%E (RO5T% OF

FI!M ECTOR IN INDIA7

The buoyant eonomy has gi!en a filli# to the onsumer$s inome whih in turninreases the dis#osable inome that the onsumer s#ends on Entertainment" This

ombined with tehnologial ad!anement and #oliy initiati!es undertaen by the

Indian go!ernment has ontributed to the growth of the film industry" ators suh as

low media #enetration aross !arious soio'eonomi lasses and lower ad s#ends

ha!e also hel#ed dri!e the industry" The other ey fator is the liberalied foreign

regime, the reent being DI #ermitted in films ha!e o#ened foreign in!estments" In

short it an be said that the Indian films has e!erything going for it, be it tehnology,

digitaliation, go!ernment su##ort and industry de!elo#ments"

Indians

lo!e to wath

mo!ies" nd ad!anements in tehnology are hel#ing the Indian film industry in all

the s#heres B film #rodution, film ehibition and mareting" The industry is

inreasingly getting more or#oratised" Se!eral film #rodution, distribution and

ehibition om#anies are oming out with #ubli issues" More theatres aross the

ountry are getting u#graded to multi#lees and initiati!es to set u# more digital

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/. #ARRIER TO IN3ETMENT IN FI!M ECTOR

  lot more in!estment an be drawn into the entertainment and media industry if

ertain setoral #oliy barriers an be addressed" Some of the issues that need to be

addressed whih ommonly im#ats all segments and need to be addressed

urgently inlude@

1. 6iracy&

The #roblem of #iray assumes a different #ro#ortion in a ountry suh as India with

an area of -"- million s" m" and a #o#ulation of o!er * billion s#eaing .. different

languages" Most of the redible efforts today to ombat #iray ha!e been initiated by

industry bodies themsel!es" Jn #art of the go!ernment, la of em#owered offiers

for enforement of anti'#iray laws remains the ey issue that is enouraging the

menae of #iray" This, ou#led with the lengthy legal and arbitration #roess, is

being !iewed as a deterrent to the rusade against #irates" The urrent >o#yrights

 t too is dated in terms of tehnology im#ro!ements, and abo!e all, it does not

address the needs of the eletroni media whih has maimum instanes of #iray

today" The draft of the J#tial Dis ;aw to address the need for regulating #iray at

the manufaturing stage is still lying with the ministry for a##ro!al"

2. Mer*in* o$ t)e FII and FDI ca9s

Some industry members are of the !iew that on!erting the urrent a# on foreign

institutional in!estment (II) in!estment to foreign diret in!estment (DI) is not a

!ery enouraging mo!e by the go!ernment" II is #rimarily onsidered Ohot moneyP

and is in!ested by foreign funds to mae ui returns unlie DI, whih is longer

term in nature and is atually in!ested into the business" DI in se!eral ases is also

aom#anied with e#ertise (suh as tehnology) being brought into the ountry that

hel#s in the growth and de!elo#ment of the industry" n II in!ests lie a finanial

in!estor with the #rime moti!e of ui a##reiation of its in!ested a#ital rather than

taing a longer'term !iew of the business, whereas an DI in!estor is more in the

nature of a strategi in!estor and is in the business for the long haul" The new #oliy

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does not reognise the need for reating an en!ironment that enourages strategi

in!estors in maing in!estments in the setor"

'. C)an*in* needs o$ t)e customer: vie;ers&

>onsumer needs are e#anding beyond the mass media and segmented media

to Q;ifestyle Media5, a new a##roah that will hel# onsumers maimise their

limited time and attention to reate a rih, #ersonalised and soial media

en!ironment" This a##roah #resents many o##ortunities for the industry to

reate new a!enues to generate re!enue"

nowledge of Qonsumer ati!ity5 rather than elusi!e ownershi# of ontent or

distribution assets will beome the basis for om#etition" =usinesses that

a#ture Qonsumer ati!ity5 data and use it to inform business and ad!ertising

models will be #ositioned to sueed"

Signifiant ad!anements in audiene measurement tehnology will be needed

to a#ture, analyse and standardise onsumer ati!ity data aross #latforms"

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 0. RO!E OF FI!M INDUTR" IN DE3E!O6MENT OF INDIAN

ECONOM"

J!er the last few years there has been a rise in the o!erall onsuming le!els ofIndian onsumers attributed to the strong eonomi growth and lower interest rates

in the ountry that has led to higher dis#osable inome" Ao!ernment announement

of the ey #oliy initiati!es suh as migration to re!enue share regime, o#ening of

lienses to #ri!ate #layers and allowing foreign in!estments into the segment will

hel# dri!e growth in this setor"

+I, FDI IN FI!M ECTOR&

 ording to the .%%4'% =udget, the go!ernment of India has #ut in #lae a liberal

and trans#arent in!estment #oliy" DI u# to *%% #er ent is allowed under the

automati route in most setors3ati!ities" DI #oliy in India is reoned to be

among the most liberal in emerging eonomies"

*%% #er ent DI is #ermitted in film industry (i"e" film finaning, #rodution,

distribution, ehibition, mareting and assoiated ati!ities relating to film industry)

sub2et to the following@

>om#anies with an established tra reord in films, T6, musi, finane, and

insurane would be #ermitted

The om#any should ha!e a minimum #aid u# a#ital of USG *% million if it is the

single largest euity shareholder and at least USG 1 million in other ases

Minimum le!el of foreign euity in!estment would be USG ."1 million for the

single largest euity shareholder and USG * million in other ases

Debt euity ratio of not more than *@*, i"e", domesti borrowings shall not eeed

euity"

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(III) GLOBALIZATION OF INDIAN CINEMA

>ontat between Indian and Lestern inemas was established in the early days of

film in India itself" Dadasaheb ?hale was mo!ed to mae 0a2a 7arishhandra after

wathing the film !i#e o# Christ  at ?"=" Mehta5s merian'Indian >inema" Similarly,

some other early film diretors were ins#ired by Lestern mo!ies"

Today, Indian inema is beoming inreasingly westernised" This trend is most

strongly a##arent in =ollywood" /ewer =ollywood mo!ies sometimes inlude

Lestern ators (suh as 0ahel Shelley in !agaan), try to meet Lestern #rodution

standards, ondut filming o!erseas, ado#t some English in their sri#ts or

inor#orate some elements of Lestern'style #lots" =ollywood also #rodues bo'

offie hit lie the films Diwae Duhani$a !e %a$enge  and Ka Ho Naa Ho, both of

whih deal with the o!erseas Indian5s e#eriene"

7owe!er, the meeting between west and India is a two'way #roess@ Lestern

audienes mostly of Indian origin are beoming more interested in India, as

e!idened by the mild suess of !agaan  and &ride and Prejudi"e" s Lestern

audienes for Indian inema grow, Lestern #roduers are funding ma!eri Indian

filmmaers lie Aurinder >hadha  (&ride and Prejudi"e) and Mira /air   (onsoon 

(edding )" =oth >hadha and /air are of Indian origin but do not li!e in India, and

who made their names in Lestern inde#endent films they ha!e now been funded to

reate films that Ointer#retP the Indian inemati tradition for Lesterners" similar

filmmaer is Dee#a Mehta of >anada, whose films inlude the trilogy )ire, *arth and

(ater " Indian inema is also influening the English and merian musial =a 

;uhrmann5s ouin Rouge+   (.%%*) inor#orates a =ollywood'style dane seuene

,he -uru  and ,he /01ear02d Virgin  feature Indian'style song'and'dane

seuenes  " 0" 0ahman, a film  om#oser, was reruited for  ndrew ;loyd 

Lebber5s &o3ba$ Drea3s and a musial !ersion of Hu3 Aapke Hain Koun  has

#layed in ;ondon5s Lest End"

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+I3, A5ARD

The )i3#are Awards eremony is one of the oldest and most #rominent film e!ents

gi!en for 7indi films in India and is sometimes referred to as the O=ollywood Jsars"P

The ilmfare awards were first introdued in *:1+, the same year as the /ational 

ilm wards and ga!e awards to the best films of *:1-"

"ere3onies hed within 4ndia are5

• Stardust wards 

• Star Sreen wards 

Cere3onies hed overseas are5

• =ollywood Mo!ie wards B ;ong Island, /ew Kor, United States 

• Alobal Indian ilm wards B (different ountry eah year)

• II wards B (different ountry eah year)

• Ree >ine wards B (different ountry eah year)

Most of these award eremonies are la!ishly staged s#etales, featuring singing,

daning, and lots of stars and starlets"

(v) FILM TRAINING IN INDIA

ilm nd Tele!ision Institute Jf India, ?une

 sian ademy Jf ilm nd Tele!ision, /oida

Satya2it 0ay ilm Institute, olatta

 sian Shool Jf Media Studies, /oida

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0am Ao#al 6arma

7istory

0am Ao#al 6arma was born to rishnam 0a2u and Suryamma" 7e dro##ed out ofthe 6"0"Siddhartha Engineering >ollege in 6i2ayawada from the i!il engineeringbranh, before taing u# a areer initially as the owner of a !ideo sho# and thenbeame one of India$s leading film diretors" 7e was not a regular at lasses, butwas nown more as a big mo!ie buff during his ollege days and used to analytially

wath both merian and Indian films through re#eat !iewings"

7e and his unle were ray about mo!ies and would often si# lasses to waththem in s#ite of beatings from his mother" 7e used to get !ery eited eah time hesaw the QDireted by5 and Q ilm by5 title ard and had the same #assion when hesaw his own name on the title ard of his debut Shi!a" There was no su##ort fromhis family and e!en his unle thought he was ray"

 n engineer by #rofession is said to ha!e wored as an engineer in one of the star

hotels in 7yderabad for 2ust 0s 8%% #er month long time ba when it was beingonstruted" nd today he is now one of the most sought after diretors of India whohas made 7yderabad as one of the base for his film #rodutions

>areer 

0am Ao#al 6arma started his film areer in the 7yderabad film industry as#rodution assistant for the films 0aogarillu and >olletorgari bbai #rodued byS"S">reations" 0am Ao#al 6arma made a huge mar in the telugu industry with his

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debut film Shi!a , a !iolent stylied rime drama with a ollege badro#" t the ageof .8, with no film baground and training, he was able to on!ine /agar2una, thena young telugu star to do his debut mo!ie" /agar2una lied the narration of the sri#tand energy dis#layed by 6arma, and #rodued the mo!ie himself" Shi!a beame alandmar film for the Telugu industry and was later remade by 6arma in 7indi, but

was not able to re#eat the same ommerial suess as that of the original" It has,howe!er, beome a ult lassi

0angeela mared the entry of 6arma to =ollywood and was a bo offie suess"Then followed a not so suessful Daud" >ome Satya and 6arma mo!ed into the bigleague of diretors" Satya has turned out to be the ritis$ delight, besides doing wellat the bo offie and brought the best from a un#o#ular ator lie Mano2 =a2#ai"

 hie!ement

Lhile #o#ular Indian >inema was either o!er the to# ation films or glamorous lo!estories, his mo!ies were more dee# and realisti" Though Indian >inema has always#rodued ae mo!ie'maers who re!eled in the #ortrayal of realism, he is reditedfor bringing realisti films into the mainstream and reating his own nihe as a maerof stylish yet realisti ommerial inema"

0angeela ( awards),"In *::1 he won the ilmfare ward for best Story for his film0angeela" In *::8 he Lon the ilm are ward (ritis) for his film Satya" lso wonthe =imal 0oy award for best Diretor for the same film" 7e also has won =estDiretor (in =ollywood) four times for Satya, Fungle, >om#any and =hoot

KS7 0F >7J?0

7istory

Kash 0a2 >ho#ra born . Se#tember *:-.) is a writer,diretor and #roduer of =ollywood mo!ies" 7e hasdireted hit mo!ies suh as Lat, Deewar, ;amhe,Darr and 6eer'Raara

Kash >ho#ra aa Kash 0a2 >ho#ra was born in ;ahore,=ritish'India, now ?aistan, on .th Se#tember, *:-.,during =ritish 0a2" 7e was the youngest of the eighthildren fathered by Shri 6ilayati 0a2 >ho#ra" 7is brother =alde! 0a2 >ho#ra was afilm 2ournalist, who later began direting mo!ies" Initially Kash wored as an assistant

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to I" S" Fohar then he wored for his brother" ;ater he setu# his film #rodutionom#any Kash 0a2 ilms" =alde! ga!e him his first diretorial o##ortunity in Dhoola ?hool"

Daag in *:- was >ho#ra$s first film under the Kash 0a2 banner" Kash >ho#ra$s son

 ditya >ho#ra is also a film diretor who manages the most of Kash 0a2 ?rodution7ouse" seond son, Uday >ho#ra, is an ator who was gi!en the first brea in hisbrother$s film, Mohabbatein" 7is wife is ?amela >ho#ra"

>areer 

 s a diretor his s#eiality has been romane ' he #ossesses a rare aestheti naof maing his films loo larger than life" 7is hallmar has always been the#resentation of his sreen#lay embellished with gorgeous loations, snow'a##edmountains, laes and ri!ers, beautiful women dra#ed in the most gorgeous

ostumes amidst fields of flowers ' sights that he #aints with his !isual imagery" ;o!eand romane ine!itably ha##en to his haraters who ha!e beome ions for filmbuffs"

Kash >ho#ra is re#uted to mae his haraters loo the most gorgeous in his films 'whether he wors with a well'nown star or a newomer, they ha!e ne!er looed so!isually a##ealing as in his films" 7is sense of musi, an integral #art of Indianinema, is renowned ' musial sores from his films ha!e beome the largest sellingalbums in Indian film history"

7e is urrently on the d!isory =oard of the Information & =roadasting Ministry ofthe Ao!ernment of India" 7e is the 6ie ?resident of the ilm ?roduers5 Auild ofIndia sine the last *% years"

 hi!ement

• 7e has been honoured by the Swiss Ao!ernment for rediso!eringSwiterland and reently, he was #resented a S#eial ward by Ms" Ursula

 ndress on behalf of the Swiss Ao!ernment"

• 7e is the ounder Trustee of ilm Industry Lelfare Trust established in theyear *::4"

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released in .%%*" It was also highly suessful" -A, as the film is ommonlyabbre!iated, went on to win fi!e ilmfare wards"

In .%%-, he #rodued and wrote the sri#t for al 7o /aa 7o, whih was direted by/ihil d!ani, his ssistant Diretor from uh uh 7ota 7ai" al 7o /aa 7o, whihroughly translates to Tomorrow May /e!er >ome, starred Shahruh han, ?reityRinta, Faya =ahhan, and Saif li han" It too was a hit"

In early .%%1, he #rodued another mo!ie, aal, direted by Soham Shah, Fohar$s

 ssistant Diretor from abhi hushi abhie Aham" Fohar did not write the sri#t toaal"

 hi!ement

Fohar has hosted numerous film award eremonies in India, the most reent beingthe Ree >ine wards in .%%" Jn Se#tember -%, .%%4 Fohar beame the first Indianfilmmaer to be a 2ury member in the Miss Lorld om#etition, in Larsaw, ?oland"

aran Fohar was hosen as one of .1% Alobal Koung ;eaders by the Aene!a'basedLorld Eonomi orum .%%4" long with !arious other Indian luminaries, Fohar alsos#oe at the Lharton India Eonomi orum .%%4 held at the #restigious LhartonShool of the Uni!ersity of ?ennsyl!ania in ?hiladel#hia as well as the 7industanTimes ;eadershi# Summit in /ew Delhi in /o!ember .%%4"

 ll mo!ies written by aran Fohar (uh uh 7ota 7ai, abhi hushi abhie Aham,al 7o /aa 7o, abhi l!ida /aa ehna), start with $$ and onsist of four wordswhih are shortened to four letters" It is said that this is done for lu and suessmany =ollywood elebrities #ut some redene in numerology"

Sine .%%+ he #resents his own show on Star Jne alled offee with aran"

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. ATRAM RO%RA < T%E (REAT 6RODUCER

6ersonal 6ro$ile&

0enowned singer of Sindhi fol songs and laadas, Satram 0ohra started his singing

areer under the aegis of Aobind Malhi5s trou#e where he used to sing with the late

=hagwati /a!ani" Lith many audio'assette to his redit, the film QFai Santoshi Maa5,

#rodued by Satram 0ohra beame a runaway hit eualling the olletion of a

blobuster lie QSholay5" 7e has the singular distintion of #roduing the hit Q7al Ta

=ha2i 7aloon5, the first Sindhi film in olour" Satram 0ohra has tra!elled all o!er India

and abroad in onnetion with Sindhi #rogrammes" /umberi, =atwara, et 

%is Ac)ievements < as a 9roducer&

7is greatest ahie!ement as a #roduer is the maing of the film OFai Santoshi MaaP,

years ago" Lhen this film was released #eo#le floed to theatres with flowers and

 pooja thais"

7is other ahie!ements are as outlined below@

Mo!ie /ame @ 0oey Mera /aam

Kear of 0elease @ *:-

?roduer @ Satram 0ohra

Diretor @ Satram 0ohra

>ast @ San2ee! umar , =ela =ose, /e!edita, Sundre, 0a2an

7asar, ;eela Misra, Mumta =egum, 0am Mohan, " "

7angal

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Mo!ie /ame @ Ahar i ;aa2

Kear of 0elease @ *::

?roduer @ Satram 0ohra

Diretor @ =" 0" Ishara

>ast @ Moushmi >hatter2ee, De!en 6erma, >" S" Dubey, Sohrab

Modi, San2ee! umar , roona Irani

Mo!ie /ame

@ Fai Santoshi Maa

Kear of 0elease @ *:1

?roduer @ Satram 0ohra

Diretor @ 6i2ay Sharma

>ast @  shish umar, Trilo a#oor , ;eela Misra, =" M" 6yas,

0a2en 7asar, =harat =hushan, nita Auha, anan

aushal, 0a2anbala

Mo!ie /ame @ /awab Sahib

Kear of 0elease @ *:8

?roduer @ Satram 0ohra

Diretor @ 0a2inder Singh =edi

>ast @ 0ehana Sultan, Fohnny Laler , Jm ?raash, =harat

=hushan, ?arishit Sahni, Tamanna, arida Falal,

>haman ?uri

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%is 3ie;s on =contri>ution o$ $ilms to develo9ment o$ India?&

The Indian Film industry has out-performed the Indian economy and is one of the

fastest growing sectors in India. The Film industry generally tends to grow faster

when the economy is expanding. The Indian economy has been growing at a fast

clip over the last few years, and the income levels too have been experiencing a high

growth rate.

Above that, consumer spending is also on the rise, due to a sustained increase in

disposable incomes, brought about by reduction in personal income tax over the last

decade. All these factors have given an impetus to the Film industry and are likely to

contribute to the growth of this industry in the future. Besides these economic and

personal income-linked factors, there are a host of other factors that are contributing

to this high growth rate.

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@. CONC!UION

The Indian ilm industry setor today has e!erything going for it ' be it regulations

that allow foreign in!estment, the im#etus from the eonomy, the digital lifestyle and

s#ending habits of the onsumers and the o##ortunities thrown o#en by the

ad!anements in tehnology"

 ll it has to do is to ash in on the growth #otential and the o##ortunities" The

go!ernment, on its #art, needs to #lay a more ati!e role in sorting out #oliy'related

im#ediments to growth" The industry needs to o!erome all roadblos' suh as

#iray' in a onerted manner, while hurning out high'uality, world lass end

#roduts" The setor has all that it taes to be a star #erformer of the Indian

eonomy"