motivasi ad' ame
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LOGO
MOTIVATION, TEACHING ANDLEARNING
By :Amirotul insiyah
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WHAT IS M O TIVATI ON?1
PER S PEK TIVE S ON MO TIVATI ON
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MO TIVATI ON TO ACHI E VE3
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PERSPECTIVE ON MOTIVATIONPERSPECTIVE ON MOTIVATION
B ehavioralB ehavioral HumanisticHumanistic CognitiveCognitive
SocialSocial
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THE BEHAVIORAL PERSPEKTIVE
The behavioralperspektive emphasizesexternal rewards andpunishments as keys indetermining a studentsmotivation (incentives)
Incentives thatclassroom teachers useinclude numerical scoreand letter grades, whichprovide feedback aboutthe quality of work thestudent has student hasperformed ect
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THE HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE
The humanistic perspective stressesstudents capacity for personalgrowth, freedom to choose their
destiny and positive quality
The perspective is closely associatedwith Abraham Maslows
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Maslowshierarchy of
needs
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THE COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
According to the cognitive perspectiveon motivation, students thoughtguide their motivation.
The cognitive perspectiverecommends that students should begiven more opportunities andresponsibility for controling their ownachievement outcomes.
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THE SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
the need for affiliation or relatedness is themotive to be securely connected with otherpeople.This involves establishing, maintaining,andrestoring warm, close personal relationship.Students need for affiliation or realetednessis reflected in their motivation to spend timewith peers, their close friendship, their
attachment to their parents, and their desireto have a positive relationship with theirteacher.
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MOTIVATION TO ACHIEVE
The current interest in scholl hasbeen fueled by the cognitiveperspective. W ell begin this section by
exploring a crucial distinction betweenextrinsic ( external ) and intrinsic( internal ) motivation.
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EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
Extrinsic motivation involves doingsomething to obtain something else (ameans to an end). Extrinsic is often
influenced by external incentives suchas reward and punishment. Forexample, a student may study hard fora test in order to obtain a good grade in
the course.
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INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
Intrinsic motivation involves the internalmotivation to do something for its own sake(an end in itself). For example, anotherstudent may study hard for a test because heor she enjoys the content of the course.
Current evidence strongly favorsestablishing a classroom climate in whichstudents are intrinsically motivated to learn(wigfield & eccles,2002). Student are moremotivated to learn when they are given
choices, become, absorbed in challenges thatmatch their skills, and receive reward thathave informational value but are not used forcontrol.
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