motivation
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MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION
DARSHAN.JIWANIRAMESH.VYAS
VISHAL.SONAWNEVIKAS.WAGHMARE
PRESENTED BY:
Guided by: Prof- M.Khan
INTRODUCTION TO MOTIVATIONINTRODUCTION TO MOTIVATIONDefinitions :
1. Motivation means a process of stimulating
people to action to accomplish the desired goal.W.G Scot
2. Motivation is the act of stimulating someone or oneself to get a desired course of action to push the right button to get a desired resultsMichael jucius
What Is Motivation?
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
NEED WANT SATISFACTION NEED WANT SATISFACTION CHAINCHAIN
TENSION
Give rise to WANTSNEEDS
Which cause in
Which Give rise to ACTIONS
Satisfaction
Which results in
CHARACTERISTICS / FEATURES CHARACTERISTICS / FEATURES OF MOTIVATIONOF MOTIVATION
• Psychological process• Initiative by manager• Continuous activity• Goal and action oriented.• Broad concept• Beneficial to employees and
management• Varied measures available for
motivation
NEEDS AND IMPORTANCE OF NEEDS AND IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION
• Attending to human needs• Raising moral• Reduces absenteeism and labor turn
over• Maintaining human relations• Stimulating employees• Reduces accidents
Methods of motivation
1.Monetary(Financial)
• Salaries and Wages• Bonus• Incentives• Special individual incentives
2. Non Monetary (Non Financial)
• Status or Job title• Delegation of Authority• Working Conditions• Job Security• Job Enrichment• Worker Participation
Maslow’s HierarchyMaslow’s Hierarchyof Needsof Needs
Self
Esteem
Social
Safety
Physiological
Theory X and Theory Y
• Lazy• Routine• Avoid Responsibility• Follower• Orthodox• Lower Level
• Active• Challenging Job• Take Responsibility• Leaders• Flexible• High Level
Hertzberg's Two-Factor TheoryHertzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Hygiene FactorsHygiene Factors Motivational FactorsMotivational Factors
• Quality of supervision• Rate of pay• Company policies• Working conditions• Relations with others• Job security
• Career AdvancementCareer Advancement• Personal growthPersonal growth• RecognitionRecognition• ResponsibilityResponsibility• AchievementAchievement
High HighJob Dissatisfaction Job Satisfaction0
The TheoryThe Theoryof Needsof Needs
DavidDavidMcClellandMcClelland
Need forNeed forAchievementAchievement
(nAch)(nAch)
Need forNeed forPowerPower(nPow)(nPow)
Need forNeed forAffiliationAffiliation
(nAff)(nAff)
Cognitive EvaluationCognitive Evaluation
IntrinsicMotivators
ExtrinsicMotivators
• Specificity
• Intention
• Feedback
• Participation
• Difficult Goals
Goal-Setting TheoryGoal-Setting Theory
SELF EFFICACY THEORYSELF EFFICACY THEORY
• Meaning:
• Ability
JOINT EFFECTS OF GOALS AND SELF EFFICACY ON PERFORMANCE
Individual has confidence that givesLevel of performance
will be attained
Manager sets difficultSpecific, goals for job or task
Individual sets higherPersonal (selfset)
Goals for theirperformance
Individual has higherlevel of job or task
performance
Expectancy TheoryExpectancy Theory
Victor vroom’s Expectancy theoryVictor vroom’s Expectancy theory
Theory Focuses on 3 Relationships
3. Rewards-personal goals relationship
1. Effort-performance relationship
2. Performance-rewards relationship
ProcessProcess
IndividualIndividualPerformancePerformance
PersonalPersonalGoalsGoals
OrganizationalOrganizationalRewardsRewards
1 2
3
IndividualIndividualEffortEffort
Managerial Implications of Expectancy Managerial Implications of Expectancy TheoryTheory
• Identify good performance so that appropriate behaviors can be rewarded.
• Make sure employees can achieve targeted performance levels.
• Link desired outcomes to targeted levels of performance.
• Make sure changes in outcomes are large enough to motivate high effort.