Submitted To :->monalisa mam

Submitted By:-> Siddharth Bhansali

Class:-> B.com (hons) 2nd sem

Contents of DiscussionContents of Discussion

What is motivation ?What is motivation ? Why motivation needed ?Why motivation needed ? Characteristics of motivationCharacteristics of motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Herzberg theoryHerzberg theory Douglas McGregor’s theory X and Douglas McGregor’s theory X and

theory Y theory Y ERG theoryERG theory Vroom’s expectancy theoryVroom’s expectancy theory

What is motivation ?What is motivation ?

Motivation is one of the key factors driving us towards achieving something. Without motivation, we will do nothing. Therefore, motivation is one of the key aspects when it comes to corporate management. In order to achieve the best business results, the organization needs to keep employees motivated.

• “Motivation is the act of stimulating someone to get a desired course of action.”

Characteristics of motivationCharacteristics of motivation

Personal and Internal FeelingPersonal and Internal Feeling Art of Stimulating Someone Or OneselfArt of Stimulating Someone Or Oneself Motivation can be either Positive or Motivation can be either Positive or

NegativeNegative Motivation can be either Positive or Motivation can be either Positive or

NegativeNegative

Motivation is System OrientedMotivation is System Oriented Motivation is a Sort of BargainingMotivation is a Sort of Bargaining Motivation is different from SatisfactionMotivation is different from Satisfaction

Why motivation needed?Why motivation needed?

Now days everyone wants to start their Now days everyone wants to start their own business. You cannot expect them own business. You cannot expect them to commit all their energy to the to commit all their energy to the company. you have to find common company. you have to find common ground and respect their wishes.ground and respect their wishes.

In order to motivate the employees, In order to motivate the employees, organizations do various activities. The organizations do various activities. The activities the companies do basically the activities the companies do basically the results and findings of certain results and findings of certain motivational theories.motivational theories.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

According to this theory, human behavior is related to his/her needs, and is adjusted as per the nature of needs to be satisfied.

Maslow identified 5 sets of human needs arranged in a hierarchy based on their importance and priority.

When one set of needs have been met, they cease to be a motivating factor, causing the next set to take its place.

11..Physiological NeedsPhysiological Needs These are the basic needs for air , water , food , sleep, shelter and other These are the basic needs for air , water , food , sleep, shelter and other

bodily needs.bodily needs. These needs are independent of each other.These needs are independent of each other. Employees are motivated by salary and wages , healthy working Employees are motivated by salary and wages , healthy working

condition and basic amenities .condition and basic amenities .

2.2.Safety NeedsSafety Needs Needs for protection against danger , threats and accident arise.Needs for protection against danger , threats and accident arise. Employees are motivated by providing good home , fresh air , water , Employees are motivated by providing good home , fresh air , water ,

hygienic work environment , Safe working condition .hygienic work environment , Safe working condition . Security of job also motivate the employees. Security of job also motivate the employees.

3.3.Social NeedsSocial Needs Need for love , affection and affiliation arise. Need for love , affection and affiliation arise. Individual want to become a part of group and want to be loved and guided Individual want to become a part of group and want to be loved and guided

by the group and wants to have a respected place in the societyby the group and wants to have a respected place in the society

An individual wants friendly relationships with people at work An individual wants friendly relationships with people at work placeplace

Continues…Continues…

4.4.Esteem NeedsEsteem Needs Everyone has a need for self-respect. Everyone has a need for self-respect. This produces the desire for strength, confidence, This produces the desire for strength, confidence,

prestige, recognition and appreciation. prestige, recognition and appreciation. These needs are rarely fully satisfied.These needs are rarely fully satisfied.

5.5.Self-actualization NeedsSelf-actualization Needs This need is highest level needs. in this need the This need is highest level needs. in this need the

person want to become example setter . people prefer person want to become example setter . people prefer growth achievement and out standing performance growth achievement and out standing performance

In this need the employee want challanging job as In this need the employee want challanging job as they want to become innovative and creativethey want to become innovative and creative

Herzberg theoryHerzberg theory

The two-factor theory (also known as The two-factor theory (also known as Herzberg's motivation-hygiene Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory) states that theory and dual-factor theory) states that there are certain factors in there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. dissatisfaction.

According to Herzberg, two kinds of factors affect motivation, and they do it in different ways:

Hygiene factors.Hygiene factors.

These are factors whose absence These are factors whose absence motivates, but whose presence has motivates, but whose presence has no perceived effect. They are things no perceived effect. They are things that when you take them away, that when you take them away, people become dissatisfied and act people become dissatisfied and act to get them back.to get them back.

ConclusionConclusion

Correcting hygiene matters will improve the Correcting hygiene matters will improve the working environment, and help reduce working environment, and help reduce contentment displayed by the workers; keeping contentment displayed by the workers; keeping them happy as well.them happy as well.

Because of this both the business and the Because of this both the business and the workers are likely to benfit. This will make the workers are likely to benfit. This will make the workers content, and motivated. Motivated workers content, and motivated. Motivated workers will allow for an increase in their workers will allow for an increase in their productivityproductivity

Douglas McGregor’s theory YDouglas McGregor’s theory Y

Are willing to workAre willing to work Are capable of self controlAre capable of self control Accept responsibilityAccept responsibility Are imaginative and creativeAre imaginative and creative Self-directedSelf-directed

Manager Assumes that worker……..

Continues….Continues….

Work is natural as play ,if the conditions are Work is natural as play ,if the conditions are favorable.favorable.

Self- control is often indispensable in achieving Self- control is often indispensable in achieving organizational goals.organizational goals.

The capacity for creativity in solving The capacity for creativity in solving organizational problems is widely distributed in organizational problems is widely distributed in the population .the population .

Motivation occurs at the social ,esteem and self Motivation occurs at the social ,esteem and self actualization levels as well as physiological and actualization levels as well as physiological and security levels.security levels.

People can be self directed and creative at work People can be self directed and creative at work if properly motivated. if properly motivated.

Douglas McGregor’s theory XDouglas McGregor’s theory X

According to This theory, managers believe workers

Dislike work Lack ambition Are irresponsible Are resistant to change Prefer to be led

Most people are not ambitious , have little desire for Most people are not ambitious , have little desire for responsibility , and prefer to be directed.responsibility , and prefer to be directed.

Most people have little capacity for creativity in Most people have little capacity for creativity in solving organizational problemssolving organizational problems

Motivation occurs only at the physiological and Motivation occurs only at the physiological and safety levels.safety levels.

Most people must be closely controlled and often Most people must be closely controlled and often coerced to achieve organizational objectivescoerced to achieve organizational objectives ..

Continues…Continues…

ConclusionConclusion

Motivation basically refers to need, ability and rewards.

For Unskilled workers required theory X.

For skill worker need to theory Y.

In GURU movie Abhishek Bachchan who performing the role of Gurukant Desai use Both theory, i.e Theory X and Theory Y. For achieve his goals he self-motivated and also motivate to others.