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Motivation Thinking About Motivation

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Page 1: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

Motivation

Thinking About Motivation

Page 2: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained.

Page 3: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

•Goals are about where we want to be.

1. which goals we set

2. which goals we value

and 3. which goals we

keep working at.

Goals are related to who

we Want To Be.

Page 4: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Who students think they are affects what they want.

• Self-Efficacy (whether or not they are capable of achieving a goal)

• Things that effect self-efficacy:

• Mastery experiences• Vicarious experience

(models)• Verbal persuasion

Page 5: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

For many students there is a discrepancy between who they are and who they want to become…

• …it can be motivating– if students think they

can change.– if they can make

connections between the present and the future.

• …or devastating– if students don’t think

they can change– if they are too focused

on the present.

Page 6: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Future time perspective (FTP) is the degree to which and the way in which the chronological future is integrated into the present life-space of an individual through motivational goal-setting processes.

Page 7: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Perceived instrumentality is an individual’s understanding of the instrumental value of a present behavior for future goals (Van Calster, Lens, & Nuttin, 1987).

Page 8: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Beliefs about Ability!– Incremental = Your

ability changes over time

– Entity = Your ability is set at birth

Page 9: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

Beliefs about Ability lead to goal orientations.

Incremental = MasteryEntity = Performance

Page 10: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Mastery goal orientation (Good)–Students are mostly concerned with

mastering the task at hand–Failure suggests areas for

improvement – can be motivating.

Page 11: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

Performance goal orientation (Bad)

Students are mostly concerned with doing better than othersStudent fears that failure indicates something about their ABILITY to do the task.

Page 12: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Mastery is INTRINSICALLY motivating

• Intrinsic motivation: wanting to do something just because it is—in and of itself—enjoyable!

Page 13: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained
Page 14: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Controlling rewards• Threats and deadlines• Evaluation and surveillance

Thumb Rule: If someone else made you – it’s not intrinsic motivation – it’s EXTRINSIC motivation.

Page 15: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

It’s EXTRINSIC

Page 16: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

• Application Essay– Students need to make connections to their own lives.– Students need to make those connections themselves.

• Group Essays– Tuesday – lecture (1.5 hrs): Students write essay questions concerning the

weeks set of readings.– Thursday—Groupwork (1.5 hrs):

• Students assigned to 4-5 person groups, work together each week.• I take students’ questions from Tuesday and construct 5 questions for

Thursday group assignment.• Each group completes an essay (of their choice), in collaboration.• The essay AND collaborations are evaluated.

Page 17: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

Thank You

Page 18: Motivation Thinking About Motivation. Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained

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