moving from east to west
DESCRIPTION
MOVING FROM EAST TO WEST. Migration from the Former Soviet Union to Sweden, before and after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Jenny Olofsson, PhD Student Department of Social and Economic Geography Umeå University, Sweden E-mail: [email protected]. Where in the world is Sweden?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MOVING FROM EAST TO WEST
Migration from the Former Soviet Union to Sweden, before and after
the fall of the Iron Curtain
Jenny Olofsson, PhD StudentDepartment of Social and Economic Geography
Umeå University, SwedenE-mail: [email protected]
Where in the world is Sweden?
INTRODUCTION
Changed preconditions for migrants between Eastern and Western Europe
Despite elimination of major migration obstacles Low rate of migration from Eastern Europe
In a Swedish context, East-West migration has been described both as a threat and as a possibility
Migration from the Former Soviet Union (except the Baltic States) to Sweden
Source: Arizona Geographic Alliance, Department of Geography, Arizona State University, Barbara Trapido-Lurie, http://alliance.la.asu.edu/maps/FORMER~1.PDF
AIM AND QUESTIONS
The aim is to explore the dynamics of a growing migration system between Former Soviet Union and Sweden, before and after the collapse of the communist regimes
The first signs of an emerging migration system?
Tendencies of emerging transnational social spaces?
Gender differences when migrating? Integration into the Swedish Society?
METHOD AND DATA
Register data for the years 1986, 1988, 1993, 1996, 1998 and 2003
Included in the study:
All immigrants born in Former Soviet Union residing in Sweden (and their partners)
A sample of the rest of the Swedish population
THEORETICAL POINTS OF DEPARTURE
Brain drain OR Brain gain/circulation/exchange
The importance of migration systems for an extensive international migration
Transnational social spaces important when considering long-term process of migrant integration
MIGRATION TO SWEDEN
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Annual inflow of immigrants born in Former USSR to Sweden
Stock of immigrants born in Former USSR residing in Sweden
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Total annual inflow of immigrants to Sweden
Annual inflow of immigrants born in Former USSR to Sweden
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
60 % of the population each year are women
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1986 1988 1993 1996 1998 2003
Stock of Immigrants
Majority of young people
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1986 1988 1993 1996 1998 2003
65- yrs
31-64 yrs
18-30 yrs
0-17 yrs
Inflow of Immigrants
The share of highly educated has increased
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1986 1988 1993 1996 1998 2003
High education level
Middle education level
Low education level
Missing information
Place of living – 40 % lives in Stockholm County, 2003
In 2003: 30 % of the immigrants in education, 12 % of the Swedish-born persons
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1986 1988 1993 1996 1998 2003
Working Unemployed Out of the working force
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1986 1988 1993 1996 1998 2003
Working Unemployed Out of the working force
Occupation status among immigrants born in Former USSR, 18-64 yrs
Occupation status among Swedish-born persons, 18-64 yrs
The share of middle and high income earners have increased
FURTHER ANALYSES TO COME:
The extent of permanent and temporary migration between Former Soviet Union and Sweden
The extent of family reunion migration
Integration
DISCUSSION: Is this the first signs of an emerging Migration System?
Brain gain/circulation/exchange?
Development of migrant communities?
Gender differences?