Moving to aService Oriented

Architecture

Why it’s Different

Moving to aService Oriented

Architecture

Why it’s Different

Bernal AllenDISA, GE 4

25 Oct 2005

A Strategy for Managing Developmentand Certification of Net-Centric Services

within the Global Information Grid

Strategic Planning Guidance

• “(U) Developing Command and Control to Exploit theGIG. The Department must develop a unifiedcommand and control capability that can fuseavailable information and allow decision makers at alllevels to act on this information. To help accomplishthis, Components will fund the GCCS Family ofSystems programs to deliver C2 capabilities specifiedin their respective requirements documents.Components will plan to transition GCCS to a joint,net-centric C2 capability.”

Task # 21: “(U) Transition GCCS to joint, net-centriccapability.”

C4 Transformation:From System-centric

to Web Service-centricWhy Change?

C4 Transformation:From System-centric

to Web Service-centricWhy Change?

Today’s C4 is system-centricWeaponsSensors C2 Networks / Nodes

SM-2 Blk III, IVACG AEGIS / DDG AEGISSPY-1 Radar

Allied WeaponsAllied Exec OPFACsAllied Sensors

PAC-2/GEM, PAC-3Patriot ECS / Patriot BCPMPQ-53C-Band Tracking Radar

Stinger Blk IISHORAD Btry /Plt CP

LAAD Btry / Plt CP

Sentinel

MACCS UPS-3D-Band Radar

Avenger, MANPADS,Linebacker, ATAS

Avenger, MANPADS,LAV-AD

AFATDSAFATDS –– Army Field Artillery Tactical Data SystemArmy Field Artillery Tactical Data SystemTBMCSTBMCS –– Theater Battle Management Core SystemTheater Battle Management Core SystemGCCSGCCS –– Global Command and ControlGlobal Command and Control SystmSystmCG / DDGCG / DDG –– Guided Missile Cruiser / Guided Missile DestroyerGuided Missile Cruiser / Guided Missile DestroyerLAADLAAD –– Low Altitude Air DefenseLow Altitude Air Defense

LAVLAV--ADAD –– Light Armored Vehicle Air DefenseLight Armored Vehicle Air DefenseMACCSMACCS –– Marine Air Command and Control SystemMarine Air Command and Control SystemSMSM--22 –– Land Attack Standard MissileLand Attack Standard MissileTHAADTHAAD –– Terminal HighTerminal High--Altitude Area DefenseAltitude Area Defense

AircraftAOC/ TACCTBMCS

FS Section of Grd OPFACsAFATDS Howitzers

JTF OPFACsGCCS

Information is bound to multiple system of systemsInformation is bound to multiple system of systems

ForceSustainment

Infra-structure

GC

SS

Coalition C2

Gale LiteGCCS-AGCCS-M

IASJSTARS

NATO ICC

TBMCS

TCAIMS II

CAMPS

ADAMSALOGAMP

DARWINDCAPESGCCS-A

GTN

ICISJFAST

MAGTF II

MATSMSTAG

LOGCAT/BCAT

WHQ

COMPASS

FOCUS

JRAMS

AFSATCOM/TIBS

GDSS

ETMS

FNMOCEPLRS

Lateral TellLink 11/16

NNSOCNRTD

QTRACS

ADSI

TDDS

SBMCS

NATO JOIIS

TBMCS

ASASMIDB

NGA 5DNGA IPL

UAV GCS

AF WeatherAFIWC

WinJMEMRaindrop

DMDC

CFASTDARWIN

DRRSFEDB

FEDMTCGCCS-A

JADE

JRAMSREADI

AFSORT DETASORTS

GOMERS

TRMS

DMS

GTN

SDDC - TEA

DMS

AMHS

GPS

USN Observatory

GCCS-J maintains more than 90 system Interfaces

Intelligence

ForcePlanning

GRISI3

SituationalAwareness

ForceReadiness

COP

SORTS

GSORTS

C2

JOPESDVT

JFRG IIACOA

CFAST

C2PC

DNS

DCTS

E-Mail

Print Services

Dw

F

D,plk

Dwf

Empire

AlertsW

ebCO

PGrenadier Brat

JFAST

Maintaining system of systems technical interfacesMaintaining system of systems technical interfaces

GCCS-J has 23 Executive Agents

USAFJTT

USNCMMA

USNGCCS-J I3

USNSRMT

DISARAS/GSORTS

DISAJOPES

USAJTAT

USMCJFRG II

USAIMETS

USNJoint

METOC

DVT

ACOA

DISAGCSS

USAFWX

GCCS-J COREDISA

COE INFRASTRUCTUREDISA

DISACOP

DISAACTDs

USAFSCTD

USAFATOX

USAFWEEMC

USAFJDP

JBFSA

Maintaining system of systems program baselinesynchronization

Maintaining system of systems program baselinesynchronization

Proposed JBMC2 JMT Assessment ScheduleJoint Mission ThreadsJoint Close Air Support

Joint Task Force

Command & Control (JTFC2)

Integrated Air /

Missile Defense (IADM)

Time Sensitive Targeting (TST)

Joint Ground Maneuver (JGM)

Integrated Fires (IF)

Focused Logistics (FL)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

DAB

JCIDS

DAB

JCIDS

Joint Mission Threads are derived from C2 Systemsof Systems

System of System integration is a long and complex processSystem of System integration is a long and complex process

Yesterday’s system-basedtechniques and technologies

are too brittle to meet today’sdemands for cross system

integration

A ServiceA Service--centric Architecturecentric Architecture

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)A set of principles that together define an architecture that is looselycoupled and comprised of service providers and service consumersthat interact according to a negotiated contract or interface.

interface

• Can be found in a registry• Fulfills a need or want• Abstracts the details of

production• Can be upgraded or

replaced transparently

• Can search and find aService

• Has a need or want thatdetermines context of use

• Not concerned with howservice is developed onlyhow it is provided

ServiceConsumer

ServiceProvider

Service Oriented ArchitectureProvides Composable Services

for Just-in-time Capabilities!

Higher-Level Service Composed of Lower-Level“Fundamental” or “Atomic” Services

ServiceConsumer

ComposedServiceService

Service AService

ApplicationWeb

Service BService

ApplicationWeb

Service CService

ApplicationWeb

LegacySystem

Data/Content

LegacySystem

Data/Content

ExternalApp

Adapter

Adapter

Adapter

Adapter

Adapter

Denotes interface

A B C

Search

Service

DiscoverDiscover DecideDecide PurchasePurchaseSearchSearch

Execution MonitoringExecution Monitoring TrainingTraining RequestRequest

AssessAssess AggregateAggregate

NotificationNotification

Air / Space Operations work flowsThe Warfighter

Owns andShapes

The Process

Data Centric & Process Oriented: Information flows across multiple,OPFACs, platforms, and sensors

Processes

Data &Sources

WH

AT

HO

WMetrics: Auto operations & combatassessment

SupportedCommanders

Services’Planning &TargetingSystems STRATCOM Joint Air Ops

CentersSpace Functional AOCs

Plan events,ISR/Target

engagement rqmts

Resource matchingAllocation options Auto immediate targeting

Immediate air support rqsts

Auto alerting

MonitorATO/STOexecution

Joint Air &Space

Ops Plan

Air Support Requests

FunctionalComponents/

Services

Defended asset lists

ISR collectionalerts

Auto plan evaluation

Auto mission reports(MISREPs)

Space IRcorrelation

Defensive planning,Deconfliction

JFACC

Global StrikeresourcematchingAllocation

options

ATO, STOACP, ACO

ADP

TCT COAoptions

Replanning/Retasking

TMD,TBMDNMD

planningPosted Data &Sources Allow

Discovery &Pull

Task: Global Strike Mission Planning

10

DIAMaster IntelDatabase

National Geospatial AgencyIntegrated Product List

COCOMInformation

DisseminationManagement

Catalogs

Blue Fo

rce

Trac

king

Data

STRATCOMLegacy

Targeting Data

STRATCOMJFCOM

Global StrikeComposed

A B C

Blue ForceSituationalAwareness

•Operational ContextService•Situational AwarenessService•COA Services•Collaboration

GlobalStrike

Targeting EnterpriseService

Management

SecurityServices

NCES

DiscoveryServices

FederatedSearch

Denotes interface

Service

NCCP Oktoberfest 2004

1011

Task: Global Strike Mission Planning

NCCP Oktoberfest 2004

C4 CapabilityDevelopment withService Oriented

Architectures

How it’s Different

C4 CapabilityDevelopment withService Oriented

Architectures

How it’s Different

Taking a Chapter fromthe Commercial World

• WWW-based E-CommerceLeader *

– $8 Billion quarterly sales– 1.7 Billion dynamic content page

views per day– 50 million active traders / user– Localized to 27 countries

• eBay Infrastructure *– 25 million items listed at any

given time– Over 2,000 application servers– Over 100 Oracle database– 3+ Terabytes of storage

• KEY POINT:– 40% of all business

transactions conductedvia eBay’s Web ServicePlatform *

eBay.com

* Source: “Web Service in Action: Integrating with the eBay Marketplace”, O’Reilly, June 2004

eBay’s Core Entities( a very terse architecture!)

Itemsellable on eBay.

Listing(noun) An entry on eBay with one or more items; (verb) The action of creating such a listing.An auction is a type of listing that enables competitive bidding.

CategoriesA hierarchical set of groups on eBay in which items of a similar nature are listed.

UserSomeone who has registered with eBay. There are user roles such as bidder, buyer, seller,store owner and application developer.

TransactionThe data for the purchase of one or more items by one buyer from one listing. Some listingsenable a seller to offer multiple items in the same listing; thus there could be multiple buyerspurchasing items from the same listing and therefore multiple transactions for the samelisting.

FeedbackAn eBay mechanism or system by which one user may rate another user, enabling otherusers to know how well or how poorly a transaction went.

All of eBay’s Web Service methodsrevolve around these entities

All eBay Web Service are available forPartner Developers

Technicalon-line

documentationavailable for all

EBay webservices,including

sample code onhow to usethem in ancontextualexample

eBay’s Development/Production Environment

A web accessibledevelopmentenvironmentavailable to allpartners

eBay’s Development Environment &Support

• Key Elements for Take Away:– Simple and understandable architecture

• Seven nouns and verbs– Development Web Site (http://developer.ebay.com)

• Extensive documentation available on web service– API Specifications, Code Samples, How-to-docs

• Software Development Kit (SDK) available– .NET, JAVA, and other programming language support

• Forums and Technical Support available on-line– Development Sandbox

• Area to test applications against sample data sets• Area to field new eBay APIs and conduct alpha testing• Certificate process to validate user access• Process in place to help developers determine simple functionality and

performance characteristics• Module certification program to provide some assurance before

developer roles capability into production

eBay started with a federated development mindset!eBay started with a federated development mindset!

“The Strategy”• Establish a Federated Development &

Certification Environment (FDCE) as a distributedand collaborative environment addressing thechallenges associated with concurrent anddistributed Service Management.

• Its purpose is to establish the– Infrastructure, Processes, and Policies

• so that Services can be progressively– Developed, Tested, Refined, and Certified

• with increasing rigor leading to operationaldeployment.

Development DevelopmentPiloting

OperationalPiloting Operations

Not Ready Ready

Proposed JC2 Federated Developmentand Certification

OperationalPiloting

EnvironmentDevelopmentEnvironment

DevelopmentalPiloting

Environment

ECM

Dro

p

Can

dida

te E

CM

• OperationalDemonstration

• Gov’t CM

• ECM OT&E

• NetOps Validationadd scalability andSLA maintainability

• Others

Improve or Discard

• Candidate ECMDevelopment

• Developer CM

• Developer Test

•Initial securitycertification

Federated Development and Certification Environment

Evaluation Capability Module (ECM) Operational Capability Module (OCM)

• ECM Integration

• Gov’t CM

• PerformanceTesting

• NetOps validationincluding securityand Management

• ECM DT&E

• Early Mil UtilityAssessment

• Others

• JC2 OperationalBaseline

• Operations,Maintenance &evaluation forimprovements

NetOps for Operational Services

Improve

Replace

Notional CertificationRequirements

DevelopmentTier

DevelopmentPiloting Tier

OperationalPiloting Tier

OperationalTier

Registration Yes Yes Yes YesSecurity No Yes Yes Yes

Configuration Mgt No Yes Yes YesESM Enabled No Yes Yes Yes

Availability Guarantees No No Yes YesResponse Time Guarantees No No Yes YesReliability/Surv Guarantees No No Yes Yes

NETOPS Ready No No Yes YesOn-Line Help No No Yes Yes

Life Cycle Commitments No No No Yes

FDCE pilot as part of FY04-05 NCCPinitiative

• http//fdce.net

• 57 participantsrepresenting allComponents

• 34 web servicesregistered andundergoing initialcertification

* As of 12 Aug 05

Cultural ChangeAnd

Next Steps

Cultural ChangeAnd

Next Steps

SOA Evolution: Think Differently

Becoming Net-Centric means ….

Participating as a part of a continuouslyevolving ecosystem of people, devices,

information and services; interconnected by acommunications network to achieve optimal

benefit of resources and bettersynchronization of events and their

consequences.

This is about Culture Change…This is about Culture Change…

COI Services will bederived from multiple

heterogeneouscapabilities. Issue:

program synchronization

10

edge users QoSmay be dynamically

Prioritized. Issue:NetOps

DIAMaster IntelDatabase

National Geospatial AgencyIntegrated Product List

COCOMInformation

DisseminationManagement

Catalogs

Blue ForceSituationalAwareness

Edge User

Global StrikeComposed

A B C

•Operational ContextService•Situational AwarenessService•COA Services

Global StrikeTargeting

Blue Fo

rce

Trac

king

Data

STRATCOMLegacy

Targeting DataEnterprise

ServiceManagement

SecurityServices

NCES

DiscoveryServices

FederatedSearch

Service

Test, cert andaccreditation needs tobe focused on small

modules of capability.Issue: loss of E2E

perspective

Workflows can bevery dynamicallycomposed. issue:JMT may be only

locally authorative

What we are learning …