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MPEG 2 Introduction

AllenChang

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Agenda

MPEG 2 Purpose MPEG 2 History and Documents

MPEG 2 Architecture Reference

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MPEG 2 Purpose

EX: 640*480*3Bytes=921.6KBytes

0.9*29.97=26.973MBytes

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MPEG 2 History and

Documents

Started in late 1990 and initially issueda standard for coding of TV-ipcture withCCIR Rec. 601

Subjective and competitive tests in Nov.1991

Scope was enlarged to suit coding ofHDTV in 1992.

CD was agreed in Nov. 1993

DIS was finalized in Nov. 1994

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MPEG-2 Documents(1)

ISO/IEC 13818, Generic Coding of MovingPictures and Associated Audio Information

ISO/IEC 13818-1 (Part-1)System

ISO/IEC 13818-2 (Part-2)Video ISO/IEC 13818-3 (Part-3)Audio

ISO/IEC 13818-4 (Part-4)Conformance

Testing ISO/IEC 13818-5 (Part-5)Software

Simulation

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MPEG-2 Documents(2)

ISO/IEC 13818-6 (Part-6)SystemExtension-DM-CC

ISO/IEC 13818-7 (Part-7)Audio Extension-

NBC mode ISO/IEC 13818-8 (Part-8)VOID-(withdrawn)

ISO/IEC 13818-9 (Part-9)System

Extension-RTI ISO/IEC 13818-10 (Part-10)Conformance

Extension DSM-CC

ISO/IEC 13818-11 (Part-11)IPMP on MPEG-2 Systems

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MPEG 2 ArchitectureProgram Stream

Transport Stream

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MPEG 2 Video Structure

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Profiles and Levels

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RGB & YCbCr Translation

RGB to YCbCrY=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B

Cb=-0.168R-0.331G-0.499B

Cr=0.500R-0.419G-0.081B

YCbCr to RGB

R=Y+1.4020(Cr-128)G=Y-0.3441(Cb-128)-0.7141(Cr-128)

B=Y+1.7720(Cb-128)

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Pixel Positioning

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MPEG 2 Compression Tools

DCTDiscrete Cosine Transform Quantization

Zig-Zag and Alternate ScanningPatterns

Huffman/Run-Level Coding

Motion Estimation and MotionCompensation

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DCT

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Quantization

Quantization error is the main source of the lossy compression

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Intra array non-intra array

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Scanning

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Motion Estimation & Motion

Compensation

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MPEG Coder/Decoder Diagram

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I,P,B Pictures

I PictureIntra Code Pictures

P PicturePredictive Coded Pictures

B PictureBi-directionally Predicted Pictures

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I,P,B Pictures Reordering

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MPEG 2 Recording and

Transmission

Program Streams Transport Streams

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Packetized Elementary

Streams

PES can be used to create ProgramStreams or Transport Streams

Times Stamps

PTS/DTS/ESCR

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Program Streams

A program stream is a PES packetmultiplex that carries severalelementary streams that were encoded

using the same master clock or systemtime clock.

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Transport Streams

The job of a Transport Stream Program Clock Reference

Packet Identification Program Specific information

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MPEG-2 / Introduction to Video Coding Standards

MPEG2 Tutorial Introduction and ContentsCopyright 1999 Wayne E. Bretl and Mark Fimoff. Posted on www.bretl.com

January 15, 2000

A Guide to MPEG Fundamentals and Protocol

Analysis Tektronix http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is224/s99/GroupG/report1.html

DVDDVDCD The MPEG Handbook MPEG-1, MPEG-2,

MPEG-4 John Watkinson http://www.hdtvforum.com.tw/toppage2.htm

http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is224/s99/GroupG/report1.htmlhttp://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is224/s99/GroupG/report1.html